3015 FRENCH MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2010 question paper
... total. An essay with 10 ticks or fewer will score 0. Count subsequent ticks up to a maximum of 60 and divide the total by 3 (round up or down to the nearest whole number – see separate scale on p. 12 for reference). This gives a maximum mark of 20. Impression: The 5 marks will often be awarded in di ...
... total. An essay with 10 ticks or fewer will score 0. Count subsequent ticks up to a maximum of 60 and divide the total by 3 (round up or down to the nearest whole number – see separate scale on p. 12 for reference). This gives a maximum mark of 20. Impression: The 5 marks will often be awarded in di ...
Subject-Verb Agreement Menu On Course Print
... Some singular pronouns also have forms that tell the gender of the person or thing they name. Feminine pronouns (she, her, hers, herself) refer to females. Masculine pronouns (he, him, his, himself) refer to males. Neuter pronouns (it, its, itself) refer to things that are neither female nor male. N ...
... Some singular pronouns also have forms that tell the gender of the person or thing they name. Feminine pronouns (she, her, hers, herself) refer to females. Masculine pronouns (he, him, his, himself) refer to males. Neuter pronouns (it, its, itself) refer to things that are neither female nor male. N ...
Propositum: DWBAT define the perfect tense and translate verbs in
... route for their next destination, they recall the advice of who has warned them not to travel through the narrow path between Sicily and Italy to avoid the monsters ,a deadly whirlpool, and , a 6-headed dragon. • In the opening paragraph, Aeneas enters the city of Carthage without being seen with th ...
... route for their next destination, they recall the advice of who has warned them not to travel through the narrow path between Sicily and Italy to avoid the monsters ,a deadly whirlpool, and , a 6-headed dragon. • In the opening paragraph, Aeneas enters the city of Carthage without being seen with th ...
Morphology and Reranking for the Statistical Parsing of Spanish
... any morphological information in the POS tags. Because of this, we will see that there is a danger of the estimates P1 and P2 both being high, in spite of the dependency being ungrammatical. P1 will be high because all three estimates P̂1,1 , P̂1,2 and P̂1,3 will most likely be high. Next, consider ...
... any morphological information in the POS tags. Because of this, we will see that there is a danger of the estimates P1 and P2 both being high, in spite of the dependency being ungrammatical. P1 will be high because all three estimates P̂1,1 , P̂1,2 and P̂1,3 will most likely be high. Next, consider ...
Eccentric Agreement and Multiple Case-Checking
... In our view, the SAP is a normal transitive clause syntactically. Thus, it has a normal transitive derivation, as the arrows indicate: both subject and object raise to T for case-checking, as in (4). What “goes wrong” is in the morphological interpretation of such a clause. As pointed out above, the ...
... In our view, the SAP is a normal transitive clause syntactically. Thus, it has a normal transitive derivation, as the arrows indicate: both subject and object raise to T for case-checking, as in (4). What “goes wrong” is in the morphological interpretation of such a clause. As pointed out above, the ...
complete paper - Cascadilla Proceedings Project
... purpose in grammatical structuring; from this viewpoint, they are ballast in a language system. The existence of inflectional classes cannot be functionally motivated synchronically.” From the statement that inflectional classes are synchronically just formal ballast, it is only a small step to pred ...
... purpose in grammatical structuring; from this viewpoint, they are ballast in a language system. The existence of inflectional classes cannot be functionally motivated synchronically.” From the statement that inflectional classes are synchronically just formal ballast, it is only a small step to pred ...
e diachrony of light and auxiliary verbs in Indo-Aryan
... Verb-verb complexes such as Indo-Aryan compound verbs have also been analysed as involving light verbs, e.g. Bu & Lahiri’s (2002) analysis of Hindi and Bengali verb-verb constructions. In contrast to the light verbs involved in noun-verb complexes, however, the light verbs of verb-verb complexes do ...
... Verb-verb complexes such as Indo-Aryan compound verbs have also been analysed as involving light verbs, e.g. Bu & Lahiri’s (2002) analysis of Hindi and Bengali verb-verb constructions. In contrast to the light verbs involved in noun-verb complexes, however, the light verbs of verb-verb complexes do ...
Complete Sentences
... identifies or explains it. Such a word is "in apposition with" the word it explains. It cannot stand alone as a sentence; it is always part of the sentence containing the word it explains. At nightfall the caravan wound into t fabled city of Kabaka. A cluster of ruins. [The italicized words stand in ...
... identifies or explains it. Such a word is "in apposition with" the word it explains. It cannot stand alone as a sentence; it is always part of the sentence containing the word it explains. At nightfall the caravan wound into t fabled city of Kabaka. A cluster of ruins. [The italicized words stand in ...
Reviewing Basic Sentence Patterns
... a.The principal spoke a few words. b.The principal spoke briefly. Which sentence is in the S-V-DO pattern? ...
... a.The principal spoke a few words. b.The principal spoke briefly. Which sentence is in the S-V-DO pattern? ...
Language and Cognition Prototype constructions in early language
... unproductive mathematical metaphor for grammar (as, for example, in traditional phrase-structure-based theories of grammar) in which words have meanings but grammatical ‘‘rules’’ are totally formal and without meaning or function (Tomasello 1998, 2005). In this more functional view, a person’s gramm ...
... unproductive mathematical metaphor for grammar (as, for example, in traditional phrase-structure-based theories of grammar) in which words have meanings but grammatical ‘‘rules’’ are totally formal and without meaning or function (Tomasello 1998, 2005). In this more functional view, a person’s gramm ...
DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR (SYNTAX)–Section 1 Parts of speech 1
... a/ Subject, e.g. Whether you like it or not is not important. b/ Appositive to subject, e.g. The decision, whether they should do it or not, has been taken. c/ Subject complement, e.g. The question is whether it will happen or not. d/ Direct object, e.g. I don’t know whether she will come or not. e/ ...
... a/ Subject, e.g. Whether you like it or not is not important. b/ Appositive to subject, e.g. The decision, whether they should do it or not, has been taken. c/ Subject complement, e.g. The question is whether it will happen or not. d/ Direct object, e.g. I don’t know whether she will come or not. e/ ...
Word order typology and Malayo
... order and if in addition, it also has NA (as opposed to AN), then it is more than likely to also have the third property NG (and not GN). The claim made in (f) simply says that if a language has Pr(epositions) --and not Po(stpositions-- and if in addition, it also has NA -and not AN--, then it is mo ...
... order and if in addition, it also has NA (as opposed to AN), then it is more than likely to also have the third property NG (and not GN). The claim made in (f) simply says that if a language has Pr(epositions) --and not Po(stpositions-- and if in addition, it also has NA -and not AN--, then it is mo ...
Document
... failed to reach? (9.) Barnum was sure that if his show could travel, it would attract those whom were unable to get to New York. (10.) In 1871, Barnum organized a railroad tour, whose goal was a wider market. (11.) The tour brought his show within reach of whomever lived in towns along the route. (1 ...
... failed to reach? (9.) Barnum was sure that if his show could travel, it would attract those whom were unable to get to New York. (10.) In 1871, Barnum organized a railroad tour, whose goal was a wider market. (11.) The tour brought his show within reach of whomever lived in towns along the route. (1 ...
TREE DIAGRAM (2)
... Phrase followed by a Verb Phrase) Draw a tree for the phrase Emma drinks Here are two more phrase structure rules: VP V NP NP N Think about that carefully Now, draw a tree with more detail For the sentence Emma drinks whisky Syntax Dr Alok K Das ...
... Phrase followed by a Verb Phrase) Draw a tree for the phrase Emma drinks Here are two more phrase structure rules: VP V NP NP N Think about that carefully Now, draw a tree with more detail For the sentence Emma drinks whisky Syntax Dr Alok K Das ...
6.1 Parallelism
... Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. verb + any + noun ...
... Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. verb + any + noun ...
Chapter 23: Participles Chapter 23 covers the following: the
... that he’s happy now. Both the main verb and the participle are present-tense. But make the main verb past and it drags the participle into the past: “He was happy (yesterday), seeing you there.” In other words, he saw you in the past and that made him happy back then. [Now, who knows? Maybe he’s mis ...
... that he’s happy now. Both the main verb and the participle are present-tense. But make the main verb past and it drags the participle into the past: “He was happy (yesterday), seeing you there.” In other words, he saw you in the past and that made him happy back then. [Now, who knows? Maybe he’s mis ...
The Evolution of English Grammar
... are encouraged are the predicate. The identification of subject was possible not only by their position with in the two clauses but most importantly by the definitions given to these two components of a sentence. According to Reed and Kellog, “the subject of a sentence names that of which something ...
... are encouraged are the predicate. The identification of subject was possible not only by their position with in the two clauses but most importantly by the definitions given to these two components of a sentence. According to Reed and Kellog, “the subject of a sentence names that of which something ...
TENSE, ASPECT AND MOOD IN MESQAN MESERET ESHETU A
... ii. Analyze whether Mesqan is primarily a tense or aspect language. Mesqan verbs are primarily marked for aspect, i.e. they have distinct grammatical base forms for the perfective and imperfective aspects. In addition to this, subject agreement markers are distinct for the two aspects. In this langu ...
... ii. Analyze whether Mesqan is primarily a tense or aspect language. Mesqan verbs are primarily marked for aspect, i.e. they have distinct grammatical base forms for the perfective and imperfective aspects. In addition to this, subject agreement markers are distinct for the two aspects. In this langu ...
The Quantization Puzzle
... events. Since prefixes serve to form perfective and also imperfective verbal stems, not only perfective but also imperfective verbs may contain prefixes and be semantically quantized, i.e. denote events. But this also means that quantization is insufficent for semantically distinguishing perfective ...
... events. Since prefixes serve to form perfective and also imperfective verbal stems, not only perfective but also imperfective verbs may contain prefixes and be semantically quantized, i.e. denote events. But this also means that quantization is insufficent for semantically distinguishing perfective ...
Present progressive: irregular forms (p. 171) están hablando
... • Some verbs have irregular present participle forms. To form the present participle of -ir stem-changing verbs, the e in the stem of the infinitive changes to i, and then the o in the stem changes to u: ...
... • Some verbs have irregular present participle forms. To form the present participle of -ir stem-changing verbs, the e in the stem of the infinitive changes to i, and then the o in the stem changes to u: ...
New Microsoft Word Document
... But lexical productivity is not only a property or mechanism of forming new words by different linguistic means. It also reflects the lexical changes within the internal organization of the vocabulary of a language and the dynamics of the society using that language. Expressions may be altered due t ...
... But lexical productivity is not only a property or mechanism of forming new words by different linguistic means. It also reflects the lexical changes within the internal organization of the vocabulary of a language and the dynamics of the society using that language. Expressions may be altered due t ...
Does Korean have adjectives?*
... class of Adjective. I argue that what have been traditionally analyzed as adjectives are in fact stative Verbs, and those that seemingly occur attributively are predicates inside relative clauses (RCs) This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, I briefly review how traditional grammarians dis ...
... class of Adjective. I argue that what have been traditionally analyzed as adjectives are in fact stative Verbs, and those that seemingly occur attributively are predicates inside relative clauses (RCs) This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, I briefly review how traditional grammarians dis ...
PhD thesis - Tartu Ülikool
... verbally, such as the English walk, run and lock. Other noteworthy results in chapter 1 include the definitions of ‘noun’, ‘verb’, ‘flexible’ and ‘word’, and the framework of the five logically possible language types (N/V/F, N/F, V/F, N/V and F – see section 1.5). Jackendoff (1999) has used the no ...
... verbally, such as the English walk, run and lock. Other noteworthy results in chapter 1 include the definitions of ‘noun’, ‘verb’, ‘flexible’ and ‘word’, and the framework of the five logically possible language types (N/V/F, N/F, V/F, N/V and F – see section 1.5). Jackendoff (1999) has used the no ...
2) The Complex Sentence
... 1) What is a CLAUSE? A CLAUSE can be broken down into elements, (S,V, O, C or A). A CLAUSE can be independent or dependent. It can be equivalent to a (simple) sentence or may be a dependent part of the sentence. It can be FINITE or NON-FINITE. A clause has a greater variety of forms than a sentence. ...
... 1) What is a CLAUSE? A CLAUSE can be broken down into elements, (S,V, O, C or A). A CLAUSE can be independent or dependent. It can be equivalent to a (simple) sentence or may be a dependent part of the sentence. It can be FINITE or NON-FINITE. A clause has a greater variety of forms than a sentence. ...
English
... derivational prefixes ka- ‘ATTRIBUTIVE’ and ma- ‘NEGATIVE’ which are mainly used to derive (positive and negative) possessive verbs from nominal themes, and a fossilised one pa‘DUAL’. There are dozens of suffixes. The verb can exhibit a very particularly complex morphological structure, where one or ...
... derivational prefixes ka- ‘ATTRIBUTIVE’ and ma- ‘NEGATIVE’ which are mainly used to derive (positive and negative) possessive verbs from nominal themes, and a fossilised one pa‘DUAL’. There are dozens of suffixes. The verb can exhibit a very particularly complex morphological structure, where one or ...
Lexical semantics
Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.