DATIVE SUBJECTS IN LITHUANIAN AND ICELANDIC
... Ég finn ‘I find’ vs. mér finnst ‘ It seems to me’ Ég sé ‘I see” vs. mér sést yfir ‘it escapes my notice’ Ég mæli ‘I speak’ vs. Mér mælist vel (*af ástettu ráði) I:DAT delivered a good speech ...
... Ég finn ‘I find’ vs. mér finnst ‘ It seems to me’ Ég sé ‘I see” vs. mér sést yfir ‘it escapes my notice’ Ég mæli ‘I speak’ vs. Mér mælist vel (*af ástettu ráði) I:DAT delivered a good speech ...
Grammar Practice Book
... Trains and railroad tracks crisscross throughout this country. (2) Locomotives provide power for trains. (3) They pull several attached railroad cars. (4) Steam diesel and electricity have all been used to power trains. (5) Passenger trains and freight haulers mostly use railroad tracks originally l ...
... Trains and railroad tracks crisscross throughout this country. (2) Locomotives provide power for trains. (3) They pull several attached railroad cars. (4) Steam diesel and electricity have all been used to power trains. (5) Passenger trains and freight haulers mostly use railroad tracks originally l ...
ON THE SYNTAX OF PARTICIPIAL MODIFIERS*
... theoretical framework that allows syntactic derivation not only within phrases and clauses, but also within words. Accordingly, the theoretical framework which is adopted is the derivational approach to syntax in its current minimalist formulation (as in Chomsky 1993, 1995, 2000, 2001, Lasnik 1999, ...
... theoretical framework that allows syntactic derivation not only within phrases and clauses, but also within words. Accordingly, the theoretical framework which is adopted is the derivational approach to syntax in its current minimalist formulation (as in Chomsky 1993, 1995, 2000, 2001, Lasnik 1999, ...
Deixis and anaphora F. Recanati Institut Jean Nicod (CNRS) 1bis
... be treated as bound. It follows that the binding strategy fails: not all anaphoric uses can be treated as cases in which the pronoun is bound (Heim and Kratzer 1998: 241-2). The anaphoric strategy According to Frege and Russell, a quantificational statement such as 'Something grows' is not on a par ...
... be treated as bound. It follows that the binding strategy fails: not all anaphoric uses can be treated as cases in which the pronoun is bound (Heim and Kratzer 1998: 241-2). The anaphoric strategy According to Frege and Russell, a quantificational statement such as 'Something grows' is not on a par ...
A Short Descriptive Grammar of the Svan Language
... across the Caucasus, in particular speakers of Northwest Caucasian languages [Shagirov 1977]. While some of the proposed Svan/Northwest-Caucasian lexical parallels do not seem likely to stand up to scrutiny, among the more plausible are a handful of terms pertaining to agriculture, which appear to b ...
... across the Caucasus, in particular speakers of Northwest Caucasian languages [Shagirov 1977]. While some of the proposed Svan/Northwest-Caucasian lexical parallels do not seem likely to stand up to scrutiny, among the more plausible are a handful of terms pertaining to agriculture, which appear to b ...
1. Introduction - UCL Phonetics and Linguistics
... bring-go-not.past (story) ‘(The story that) It was raining, but John did not bring an umbrella.’ Thus, contrastive wa-phrases do not optionally undergo movement to clause-initial position. They obligatorily move if they are contrastive ‘topics’, and they must remain in-situ if they are not contrasti ...
... bring-go-not.past (story) ‘(The story that) It was raining, but John did not bring an umbrella.’ Thus, contrastive wa-phrases do not optionally undergo movement to clause-initial position. They obligatorily move if they are contrastive ‘topics’, and they must remain in-situ if they are not contrasti ...
Music 231 Small Structures: Cadences, Phrases and Periods
... The plagal cadence is rarely used in a structural way. It almost always is found after the end of a period (usually after the last period of the piece), and acts as an extension (a tag) to that period or the part which it ends. More about phrases and sub-phrases The word "phrase" here applies to the ...
... The plagal cadence is rarely used in a structural way. It almost always is found after the end of a period (usually after the last period of the piece), and acts as an extension (a tag) to that period or the part which it ends. More about phrases and sub-phrases The word "phrase" here applies to the ...
Clause Types
... [[People selling their stocks] caused the crash of 29] [[For Mary to love that boor] is a travesty] embedded clauses in complement positions Heidi said [that Art loves peanut butter] ...
... [[People selling their stocks] caused the crash of 29] [[For Mary to love that boor] is a travesty] embedded clauses in complement positions Heidi said [that Art loves peanut butter] ...
Inner aspect and telicity
... its end. This stage is referred to by different terms: the culmination, the termination, the telos, etc. and predicates involving such a stage are usually called culminating, terminating or telic processes. Involving a process, or both a process and a telic point, makes the meaning of the VP corresp ...
... its end. This stage is referred to by different terms: the culmination, the termination, the telos, etc. and predicates involving such a stage are usually called culminating, terminating or telic processes. Involving a process, or both a process and a telic point, makes the meaning of the VP corresp ...
Phrase Structure Rules
... elements inside of constituent IN ORDER from Left to Right X, Y, Z are variables representing any category (e.g., N, V, A, P, etc.) ©Andrew Carnie, 2006 ...
... elements inside of constituent IN ORDER from Left to Right X, Y, Z are variables representing any category (e.g., N, V, A, P, etc.) ©Andrew Carnie, 2006 ...
Complex Word-Formation and the Morphology-Syntax Interface
... verb (functional category) vocabulary item verb phrase verb phrase (functional category) word formation rule word marker ...
... verb (functional category) vocabulary item verb phrase verb phrase (functional category) word formation rule word marker ...
Complex Word-Formation and the Morphology
... verb (functional category) vocabulary item verb phrase verb phrase (functional category) word formation rule word marker ...
... verb (functional category) vocabulary item verb phrase verb phrase (functional category) word formation rule word marker ...
A Diachronic Study on the Complementation Patterns of the Verb
... Tutkimusaineistonani käytin korpusesimerkkejä pääasiassa The Corpus of Historical American English -korpuksesta, jonka materiaali koostuu kaunokirjallisuudesta, tietokirjallisuudesta, ...
... Tutkimusaineistonani käytin korpusesimerkkejä pääasiassa The Corpus of Historical American English -korpuksesta, jonka materiaali koostuu kaunokirjallisuudesta, tietokirjallisuudesta, ...
The Syntax of Inner Aspect
... First and foremost, I would like to thank my dissertation advisor, Dan Finer. Besides the obvious syntactic experience that he brought to the table in each of our discussions, Dan was extremely tolerant of the mountain of absurd ideas that I brought with me to our meetings. He helped me turn them in ...
... First and foremost, I would like to thank my dissertation advisor, Dan Finer. Besides the obvious syntactic experience that he brought to the table in each of our discussions, Dan was extremely tolerant of the mountain of absurd ideas that I brought with me to our meetings. He helped me turn them in ...
Б3.В.3 Осн. теории 1ИЯ Теорграмматика
... a. There were two plainclothes men at the entrance b. Better be an also-run than a never-was c. No buts, only ands 2. Tick off the letters of subjective genitive a. children’s demand b. children’s education c. children’s toys 3. Tick off the cases of downgrading a. Hang on a Sec, I’ll call him to th ...
... a. There were two plainclothes men at the entrance b. Better be an also-run than a never-was c. No buts, only ands 2. Tick off the letters of subjective genitive a. children’s demand b. children’s education c. children’s toys 3. Tick off the cases of downgrading a. Hang on a Sec, I’ll call him to th ...
Chapter 4 Prosody
... 21.2.4 SUMMARY 21.3 DITRANSITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN KASHIBO-KAKATAIBO 21.3.1 CASE MARKING 21.3.2 CONSTITUENT ORDER 21.3.3 DROPPING 21.3.4 DENOTATION BY MEANS OF A PARTICIPANT NOMINALISATION 21.3.5 FRONTING/TOPICALISATION 21.3.6 HIGHLIGHTING CONSTRUCTION 21.3.7 POST-VERBAL FOCUS POSITION 21.3.8 REFLEXI ...
... 21.2.4 SUMMARY 21.3 DITRANSITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN KASHIBO-KAKATAIBO 21.3.1 CASE MARKING 21.3.2 CONSTITUENT ORDER 21.3.3 DROPPING 21.3.4 DENOTATION BY MEANS OF A PARTICIPANT NOMINALISATION 21.3.5 FRONTING/TOPICALISATION 21.3.6 HIGHLIGHTING CONSTRUCTION 21.3.7 POST-VERBAL FOCUS POSITION 21.3.8 REFLEXI ...
as a PDF - Linguistic Society of America
... unergati ve and unaccusa ti ve clauses with descripti ons in the literature on other languages where a similar distincti on, if not exactly the same one, has been observed. For example, in Dakota [Boas and Deloria ( 1939) J, there are contrasti. ng pronomin al forms for the first and second person. ...
... unergati ve and unaccusa ti ve clauses with descripti ons in the literature on other languages where a similar distincti on, if not exactly the same one, has been observed. For example, in Dakota [Boas and Deloria ( 1939) J, there are contrasti. ng pronomin al forms for the first and second person. ...
Parsing Argumentation Structures in Persuasive Essays
... work, however, are micro-level approaches, which focus on relations between argument components. Mochales-Palau and Moens (2009) introduced one of the first approaches for identifying the microstructure of arguments. Their approach is based on a manually created context-free grammar (CFG) and recogn ...
... work, however, are micro-level approaches, which focus on relations between argument components. Mochales-Palau and Moens (2009) introduced one of the first approaches for identifying the microstructure of arguments. Their approach is based on a manually created context-free grammar (CFG) and recogn ...
The Inflected Infinitive in Brazilian Portuguese.
... This controversy about the actual use of the inflected infinitive in the language was shown here just to illustrate one aspect of what Kliffer (1978) meant in his citation, shown above. It is not a goal of this work to discuss all controversies around this issue thoroughly, nor to prescribe what is ...
... This controversy about the actual use of the inflected infinitive in the language was shown here just to illustrate one aspect of what Kliffer (1978) meant in his citation, shown above. It is not a goal of this work to discuss all controversies around this issue thoroughly, nor to prescribe what is ...
Interlingua based English-Hindi Machine
... are the examples of the latter. The UNL falls into the latter category. (Dorr 1993) describes how language divergences can be handled using the Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS) as the interlingua in the UNITRAN system. The argument is that it is the complex divergences that necessitate the use of ...
... are the examples of the latter. The UNL falls into the latter category. (Dorr 1993) describes how language divergences can be handled using the Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS) as the interlingua in the UNITRAN system. The argument is that it is the complex divergences that necessitate the use of ...
fulltext - LOT Publications
... language Jaminjung). Phenomena that fall under the notion of "complex predication" include causative constructions, permissive constructions, applicative constructions, serial verb constructions, constructions resulting from object incorporation, and phrasal verb constructions.1 It is the last of th ...
... language Jaminjung). Phenomena that fall under the notion of "complex predication" include causative constructions, permissive constructions, applicative constructions, serial verb constructions, constructions resulting from object incorporation, and phrasal verb constructions.1 It is the last of th ...
18 The Instrumental Case Feminine declension nouns Masculine
... Though INSTRUMENTAL: A MEANS always designates a conduit for action, there is an intricate web of specific uses, and it is worth mapping them out ahead of time before diving right into them. INSTRUMENTAL: A MEANS can be divided into two smaller groups: one takes the concept of a path as its point of ...
... Though INSTRUMENTAL: A MEANS always designates a conduit for action, there is an intricate web of specific uses, and it is worth mapping them out ahead of time before diving right into them. INSTRUMENTAL: A MEANS can be divided into two smaller groups: one takes the concept of a path as its point of ...
The Uzbek tense aspect modality system
... What is usually called the tense system of a language expresses not only the time a state, event or action is taking place, but also notions such as: - aspect (the temporal inner or outer view of the state or event), - evidentiality (source of knowledge), - epistemic modality (degree of certainty), ...
... What is usually called the tense system of a language expresses not only the time a state, event or action is taking place, but also notions such as: - aspect (the temporal inner or outer view of the state or event), - evidentiality (source of knowledge), - epistemic modality (degree of certainty), ...
The syntax of French adverbs without functional projections*
... instead of being adjoined to syntactic categories such as VP, AP etc., adverbs are analysed as specifiers of (or adjuncts to) abstract functional projections, whose identity depends on the semantic class of the adverb. Such functional projections are organised in a (universal) hierarchy which accoun ...
... instead of being adjoined to syntactic categories such as VP, AP etc., adverbs are analysed as specifiers of (or adjuncts to) abstract functional projections, whose identity depends on the semantic class of the adverb. Such functional projections are organised in a (universal) hierarchy which accoun ...
Lexical semantics
Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.