(2005). Some thoughts on Balto-Finnic passives and impersonals
... 2.1 Personal and impersonal passives Languages that have passives may have more than one type of passive construction. For example, Keenan (1985) talks about a ‘basic’ passive, while Siewierska (1984) distinguishes between ‘personal’ and ‘impersonal’ passives. Personal passives are in many languages ...
... 2.1 Personal and impersonal passives Languages that have passives may have more than one type of passive construction. For example, Keenan (1985) talks about a ‘basic’ passive, while Siewierska (1984) distinguishes between ‘personal’ and ‘impersonal’ passives. Personal passives are in many languages ...
Metaphor and Lexical Semantics
... significance of this observation. It shows us something about metaphor. In particular, it shows that there is a non-trivial linguistic constraint on metaphor. This is a somewhat surprising result, as one of the leading ideas in the theory of metaphor is that metaphor comprehension is an aspect of ou ...
... significance of this observation. It shows us something about metaphor. In particular, it shows that there is a non-trivial linguistic constraint on metaphor. This is a somewhat surprising result, as one of the leading ideas in the theory of metaphor is that metaphor comprehension is an aspect of ou ...
Parallelism Practice
... Correlative constructions are formed with the correlative conjunctions: both. . . and either . . . or neither . . . nor not only . . . but (also) • Correlative ideas should be expressed in parallel form. • Place the correlative conjunctions immediately before the parallel ideas. ...
... Correlative constructions are formed with the correlative conjunctions: both. . . and either . . . or neither . . . nor not only . . . but (also) • Correlative ideas should be expressed in parallel form. • Place the correlative conjunctions immediately before the parallel ideas. ...
Document
... We take a look at argument structure and thematic roles these are the parts of the sentence that correspond to the ...
... We take a look at argument structure and thematic roles these are the parts of the sentence that correspond to the ...
02Story - Faculty Web Sites at the University of Virginia
... More than for any other organism, at the core of the understanding of homo sapiens is the study of the cognitive processes at the command of the species. For a very long time there has been a fascination for probing the variables, real or assumed, that lead to successful manifestation of creativity, ...
... More than for any other organism, at the core of the understanding of homo sapiens is the study of the cognitive processes at the command of the species. For a very long time there has been a fascination for probing the variables, real or assumed, that lead to successful manifestation of creativity, ...
Clitics in Word Grammar
... theoretical framework of Word Grammar. This is by no means the first attempt. Apart from my own rather brief discussions (Hudson 1984:48-50, 86-7; Hudson 1990:106, 118-9), there is a full PhD dissertation on the very complex Italian clitic pronouns (Volino 1990). The theory proposed here can be seen ...
... theoretical framework of Word Grammar. This is by no means the first attempt. Apart from my own rather brief discussions (Hudson 1984:48-50, 86-7; Hudson 1990:106, 118-9), there is a full PhD dissertation on the very complex Italian clitic pronouns (Volino 1990). The theory proposed here can be seen ...
lin3021_lecture10
... with verb modifiers. So, we might say that the above involves conjunction. Just like dark fat N is something like [dark(x) & fat(x) and N(x)] ...
... with verb modifiers. So, we might say that the above involves conjunction. Just like dark fat N is something like [dark(x) & fat(x) and N(x)] ...
ppt
... For every person p, that person saw a movie m. As opposed to this one: scope: a >> every (“a has scope over every”) For a movie m, every person saw m. ...
... For every person p, that person saw a movie m. As opposed to this one: scope: a >> every (“a has scope over every”) For a movie m, every person saw m. ...
LESSON 36: INFINITIVE PHRASES
... GET SMART (INSTRUCTOR) LESSON 36 © www.English-Grammar-Revolution.com ...
... GET SMART (INSTRUCTOR) LESSON 36 © www.English-Grammar-Revolution.com ...
Developing Component Scor es from Natural
... essays. After submitting essays to the W-Pal system, students’ receive holistic scores for their essays along with automated, formative feedback from the AWE system housed in W-Pal (Crossley, Roscoe, & McNamara, 2013). This system focuses on strategies taught in the W-Pal lessons and practice games. ...
... essays. After submitting essays to the W-Pal system, students’ receive holistic scores for their essays along with automated, formative feedback from the AWE system housed in W-Pal (Crossley, Roscoe, & McNamara, 2013). This system focuses on strategies taught in the W-Pal lessons and practice games. ...
The Clausal Complementation Portal
... The predicate behaves like a verb with respect to other predicates in the language that are treated as verbs. The criterion might be whether or not the predicate can bear certain kinds of agreement or whether it inflects for tense. The predicate behaves like a noun with respect to other predicates i ...
... The predicate behaves like a verb with respect to other predicates in the language that are treated as verbs. The criterion might be whether or not the predicate can bear certain kinds of agreement or whether it inflects for tense. The predicate behaves like a noun with respect to other predicates i ...
The Category of Participles
... The fact that participles with agentive by-phrases cannot surface pre-nominally thus does not tell us anything about the category of the participle phrase. It just tells us that pre-nominal attributes cannot take PP modifiers/arguments.6 We also know that in languages where PP-modifiers of attribute ...
... The fact that participles with agentive by-phrases cannot surface pre-nominally thus does not tell us anything about the category of the participle phrase. It just tells us that pre-nominal attributes cannot take PP modifiers/arguments.6 We also know that in languages where PP-modifiers of attribute ...
Omission of the primary verbs BE and HAVE in - (BORA)
... It is assumed that the verbs BE and HAVE are subject to the same, or quite similar processes of phonological simplification which result in the omission of the two verbs (cf 1.2.1), and consequently that non-standard omission of BE and HAVE are best considered aspects of the same sociolinguistic var ...
... It is assumed that the verbs BE and HAVE are subject to the same, or quite similar processes of phonological simplification which result in the omission of the two verbs (cf 1.2.1), and consequently that non-standard omission of BE and HAVE are best considered aspects of the same sociolinguistic var ...
Paradigmatic uniformity and markedness
... directionality questions, the usual method is to analyze selected cases. These may be parade examples, such as the leveling of Latin rhotacism, or other cases where only an innate impulse toward uniformity seems to explain leveling. Such studies are essential, ...
... directionality questions, the usual method is to analyze selected cases. These may be parade examples, such as the leveling of Latin rhotacism, or other cases where only an innate impulse toward uniformity seems to explain leveling. Such studies are essential, ...
Participles: Form, Use and Meaning (PartFUM)
... How many classes of participles do we need to distinguish? Is there strong independent evidence that we need more than one class of, for instance, passive participles as suggested in Parsons (1990), Embick (2004), Kratzer (2000)? Why, though, do those different participles still fall under the same ...
... How many classes of participles do we need to distinguish? Is there strong independent evidence that we need more than one class of, for instance, passive participles as suggested in Parsons (1990), Embick (2004), Kratzer (2000)? Why, though, do those different participles still fall under the same ...
revisiting agreement paradigms: predicative
... language-specific rules. This sentence structure is then subject to PF (Phonological Form) and LF. Predication relationships, such as the one which will be examined in this dissertation, adhere to the rules of interpretation which belong to the component of grammar called LF. However, there has been ...
... language-specific rules. This sentence structure is then subject to PF (Phonological Form) and LF. Predication relationships, such as the one which will be examined in this dissertation, adhere to the rules of interpretation which belong to the component of grammar called LF. However, there has been ...
Yao`an Lolo Grammar Sketch
... Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics has been read and approved by the undersigned members of the faculty of the Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics ...
... Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics has been read and approved by the undersigned members of the faculty of the Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics ...
01actions - Faculty Web Sites at the University of Virginia
... More than for any other organism, at the core of the understanding of homo sapiens is the study of the cognitive processes at the command of the species. For a very long time there has been a fascination for probing the variables, real or assumed, that lead to successful manifestation of creativity, ...
... More than for any other organism, at the core of the understanding of homo sapiens is the study of the cognitive processes at the command of the species. For a very long time there has been a fascination for probing the variables, real or assumed, that lead to successful manifestation of creativity, ...
Agreement Morphology, Argument Structure and Syntax
... the variables occurring in the representations is done. In Montague’s own system the latter job was taken care of by the λ–calculus. There was basically only one mode of composition, and its semantic correlate was λ–application. This strategy put the entire burden on the semantics of the individual ...
... the variables occurring in the representations is done. In Montague’s own system the latter job was taken care of by the λ–calculus. There was basically only one mode of composition, and its semantic correlate was λ–application. This strategy put the entire burden on the semantics of the individual ...
predication and equation in copular sentences: russian vs. english
... can be accounted for if we assume that non-overt type-shift operations suggested by Partee (1986, 1987) and Chierchia (1984) are at work in semantics. We will argue in favour of the view that – despite being morphologically non-overt – such typeshifting operations can be justified on a structural ba ...
... can be accounted for if we assume that non-overt type-shift operations suggested by Partee (1986, 1987) and Chierchia (1984) are at work in semantics. We will argue in favour of the view that – despite being morphologically non-overt – such typeshifting operations can be justified on a structural ba ...
Lecture 12: Semantics and Pragmatics
... The grounding problem and circularity The boundaries of meaning: linguistic vs encyclopedic knowledge Individual variation in meaning: idiolects Words can be combined to form an infinite number of expressions ∗ This building up of meaning is referred to as composition ∗ If the meaning of the whole c ...
... The grounding problem and circularity The boundaries of meaning: linguistic vs encyclopedic knowledge Individual variation in meaning: idiolects Words can be combined to form an infinite number of expressions ∗ This building up of meaning is referred to as composition ∗ If the meaning of the whole c ...
Case, 20 Years Later* Yen-hui Audrey Li
... important facts regarding ordering in Chinese were captured in a different manner --specifically, by way of a more elaborate clausal structure which contains light verb positions where verb-movement lands. The word order within verb phrases was derived by the height of verb movement. Such an approac ...
... important facts regarding ordering in Chinese were captured in a different manner --specifically, by way of a more elaborate clausal structure which contains light verb positions where verb-movement lands. The word order within verb phrases was derived by the height of verb movement. Such an approac ...
Lexical semantics
Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.