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The Sketch Engine
The Sketch Engine

... errors are more frequently the source of anomalous output than weaknesses in the grammar. The use of sorting based on salience statistics means that occasional mis-analyses rarely result in wrong words appearing in collocate lists. Verb-object, while frequently the most significant grammatical relat ...
An Approach to Summarizing Short Stories
An Approach to Summarizing Short Stories

... She always read a lot. (Or She used to read a lot.) Yet, such expressions are not easy to capture automatically. In order to use the information expressed in temporal adverbials, the author analyzed the training data for presence of such expressions and found 295 occurrences in 10 stories. It appear ...
Correct English in Thezoschooe
Correct English in Thezoschooe

... Yes so m e g ram m ari ans call the noun under cons i d e rat ion the f a cti tiv e object ; so m e call i t th e s u p p l e m en t but whatever its na m e i t denotes or refers to the sam e person or th ing a s the object I see that you understand thi s p e r fe ctly Now t e ll m e what i s the d ...
LIMITS OF A SENTENCE BASED PROCEDURAL APPROACH FOR
LIMITS OF A SENTENCE BASED PROCEDURAL APPROACH FOR

... It is obvious that aspect in several languages has a rather heterogeneous formal reflection in the verb system. Aspect and tense are closely connected with each other. In English, e.g., the two aspect constructions perfective and progressive can be seen as realizing the basic contrast of the action ...
Event modifying adjectives in Portuguese
Event modifying adjectives in Portuguese

... in this paper are event denoting, and therefore associated to an event structure, being semantically very close to verbs. The main difference between event descriptions in NPs and those at the sentence level, as pointed out by Pustejovsky, is that event descriptions at the sentence level are anchore ...
Multiple-subject Sentences in Korean
Multiple-subject Sentences in Korean

... but there is no explanation of this derivation. Sohn rejects this “explanation”, claiming instead that “multiple-subject constructions are viewed as basic” to the language, which of course side-steps the need for an explanation. Yeon & Brown do not delve into the problem, and simply state that it is ...
Nominal Infinitive in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study (PDF
Nominal Infinitive in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study (PDF

... There are two methods for doing contrastive studies: either the structure of each language under study is presented independently, and then a comparison is made between the structures to show the similarities and differences between the languages in question. Or the comparison is carried out directl ...
Non-canonical applicatives and focalization in Tswana
Non-canonical applicatives and focalization in Tswana

... the same verb in its non-applicative form. Such semantically unspecified applicatives are particularly common among Bantu languages. 2.5. Atypical applicatives and non-canonical uses of applicative verb forms Some languages may have derived verb forms used only in constructions that have some featur ...
Passive and Active Voices
Passive and Active Voices

... Verbs are also said to be either active (The executive committee approved the new policy) or passive (The new policy was approved by the executive committee) in voice. In the active voice, the subject and verb relationship is straightforward: the subject is a be-er or a do-er and the verb moves the ...
French III - Neshaminy School District
French III - Neshaminy School District

... Phase I Course/ Subject: ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... VP was split into two parts, vP where agents start, and VP where the patient starts. V and v combine by head movement. ...
AP Lang.. - Bellevue School District
AP Lang.. - Bellevue School District

... crossed elsewhere for a considerable distance. The stream passing under it is called Cedar creek. It is a water of James River, and sufficient in the driest seasons to turn a grist-mill, though its fountain is not more than two miles above. Analysis of basic sentence patterns in T. Jefferson’s excer ...
prepositions - American University
prepositions - American University

... to some other word in a sentence. Prepositions often describe relationships in time or space. A preposition usually begins a phrase that ends in a noun or a pronoun. The noun or pronoun at the end of the prepositional phrase is the object of the preposition. Example: He went to the store. In this ex ...
Español III – Los mandatos con pronombres
Español III – Los mandatos con pronombres

... Otro ejemplos: A: “Complétensela.” ¿En inglés? B: “No se lo des.” ¿En inglés? • A: ...
The Sentence Pattern Built on Linking Verbs
The Sentence Pattern Built on Linking Verbs

... FORMS OF BE: is, am , are-was, were, being, been ...
THE PASSIVE VOICE
THE PASSIVE VOICE

... Verbs are also said to be either active (The executive committee approved the new policy) or passive (The new policy was approved by the executive committee) in voice. In the active voice, the subject and verb relationship is straightforward: the subject is a be-er or a do-er and the verb moves the ...
Document
Document

... A change of modality is indicates by a change of auxiliary, the subject remaining the same. ...
USOS DE LOS VERBOS SER / ESTAR
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... 1) The conjunction que always has to be present in order to have a subjunctive in a noun clause, and the subjunctive is always after que, not before. The only exceptions are the expressions ojalá, tal vez and quizás. 2) In most cases, there must be two different subjects (that is, one for the main v ...
WHEN NOUNS SURFACE AS VERBS
WHEN NOUNS SURFACE AS VERBS

... starting to Sunday School members, then I think you're going too far (a Californian legislator); She would not try to stiff-upper-lip it through (Time magazine); Will you cigarette me? (Mae West); We all Wayned and Cagneyed ( N Y Times magazine); They timbered off the hills in the 1880's (conservati ...
Is the Subject of a Sentence Always a Noun?
Is the Subject of a Sentence Always a Noun?

... to come. He had a really good time. It enjoyed seeing Matthew. She has changed so much since last year. Do it think that Matthew and I look alike? I think you look more like brothers than cousins! Thank me for showing me how to plant flowers. I planted flowers at home. It look beautiful. Mom likes t ...
Лексикология современного английского языка : практикум
Лексикология современного английского языка : практикум

... these is place names or toponyms; another is personal names, for which we have no commonly used term derived from Greek, but which are sometimes called anthroponyms. My discussion is limited to these two types, but it can be noted that other varieties exist, such as eth­ nonyms — terms referring to ...
A Bi-Polar Theory of Nominal and Clause Structure and Function
A Bi-Polar Theory of Nominal and Clause Structure and Function

... Besides relational lexical items functioning as heads of nominals, numerous types of expression may also head nominals. In an expression like 7. His giving money to strangers the verbal expression “giving money to strangers” functions as the head of a nominal (Pullum, 1991). An immediate consequenc ...
PARATAXIS IN LANGO* Michael Noonan State University of New
PARATAXIS IN LANGO* Michael Noonan State University of New

... king 3s-remembered 3s-closed door the king remembered it, he closed the door 'the king remembered to close the door' does not have a counterpart in ...
NON-FINITE VERB FORMS
NON-FINITE VERB FORMS

... I wouldn´t recommend staying there. It´s worth going to the National Gallery. The gerund / -ing participle has the following forms: active passive present building being built perfect/past having built having been built 2.2.1. The gerund is used after some V, Adj., N and prepositions. Study the lis ...
Detransitivisation in Irish Sign Language ESF Intersign Workshop on
Detransitivisation in Irish Sign Language ESF Intersign Workshop on

... referents may control agreement when these referents receive roles more typically associated with animate referents: the roles of agent, experiencer and recipient. However, the role of patient can be assigned to either animate or inanimate referents although only animate referents with the role of p ...
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Lexical semantics



Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.
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