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... The Maginot Line was one of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the Great Wall of China. It was a series of bunkers, forts, turrets, and obstacles that spanned more than 450 miles of France's border with Germany. Built between 1930 and 1940, it was one of the world's most impr ...
... The Maginot Line was one of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the Great Wall of China. It was a series of bunkers, forts, turrets, and obstacles that spanned more than 450 miles of France's border with Germany. Built between 1930 and 1940, it was one of the world's most impr ...
Nonfiction Reading: Maginot Line
... Both sides dug in deep and each lost many men Germans. The Germans had taken Paris, France's over little ground. Conditions were horrid for all capital city. Soon after the French commander and there was a stalemate for many years as ordered his men to stand down. He commanded neither side was able ...
... Both sides dug in deep and each lost many men Germans. The Germans had taken Paris, France's over little ground. Conditions were horrid for all capital city. Soon after the French commander and there was a stalemate for many years as ordered his men to stand down. He commanded neither side was able ...
How many Frenchmen did you kill?
... domestic political issue, especially in the difficult year from late 1941 to late 1942.13 France, meanwhile, was officially neutral under Vichy, half-occupied by the Axis, recently an ally, and home to an internal and external Resistance movement with which Britain maintained relations, however stor ...
... domestic political issue, especially in the difficult year from late 1941 to late 1942.13 France, meanwhile, was officially neutral under Vichy, half-occupied by the Axis, recently an ally, and home to an internal and external Resistance movement with which Britain maintained relations, however stor ...
THE BOMBING OF FRANCE 1940
... French towns whose destruction, it was thought, would block the movement of German troops and armour. Air strikes were also called down in direct support of ground attacks – to little benefit over Caen in July, to greater effect prior to the American break-out west of Saint-Lô. With ground support o ...
... French towns whose destruction, it was thought, would block the movement of German troops and armour. Air strikes were also called down in direct support of ground attacks – to little benefit over Caen in July, to greater effect prior to the American break-out west of Saint-Lô. With ground support o ...
Churchill`s Southern Strategy
... Churchill’s persistence on the southern flank did not end with D-Day. In a note to his military chiefs in July 1944, Churchill said with some petulance, “Let them take their seven divisions—three American and four French. Let them monopolize all the landing craft they can reach. But at least let us ...
... Churchill’s persistence on the southern flank did not end with D-Day. In a note to his military chiefs in July 1944, Churchill said with some petulance, “Let them take their seven divisions—three American and four French. Let them monopolize all the landing craft they can reach. But at least let us ...
CHURCHILL`S WARTIME SPEECHES: 1940
... an armistice with the Germans, opening the northern part of France to German occupation and setting up a collaborationist government in the south in the city of Vichy The Vichy government, led by Henri Philippe Pétain, ruled the southern part of France and all French colonies. The fall of France was ...
... an armistice with the Germans, opening the northern part of France to German occupation and setting up a collaborationist government in the south in the city of Vichy The Vichy government, led by Henri Philippe Pétain, ruled the southern part of France and all French colonies. The fall of France was ...
Churchill`s Wartime Speeches
... an armistice with the Germans, opening the northern part of France to German occupation and setting up a collaborationist government in the south in the city of Vichy The Vichy government, led by Henri Philippe Pétain, ruled the southern part of France and all French colonies. The fall of France was ...
... an armistice with the Germans, opening the northern part of France to German occupation and setting up a collaborationist government in the south in the city of Vichy The Vichy government, led by Henri Philippe Pétain, ruled the southern part of France and all French colonies. The fall of France was ...
Telegram of the USSR ambassador to Britain I.M. Maisky to
... authors: V.O. Pechatnov, M.M. Narinskiy, I.E. Magadeyev. M., 2015. p. 345. ...
... authors: V.O. Pechatnov, M.M. Narinskiy, I.E. Magadeyev. M., 2015. p. 345. ...
WWI Battle of Verdun Facts
... The French were largely unaware of all the German preparations along the front lines. The poor weather and rugged terrain helped to hide the actions of the Germans and the French were bolstered by the fact that Verdun had largely been untouched thus far in the war. Many of the weapons and battalions ...
... The French were largely unaware of all the German preparations along the front lines. The poor weather and rugged terrain helped to hide the actions of the Germans and the French were bolstered by the fact that Verdun had largely been untouched thus far in the war. Many of the weapons and battalions ...
Mil-Hist-WWI-Battle-of-Verdun-Facts
... The French were largely unaware of all the German preparations along the front lines. The poor weather and rugged terrain helped to hide the actions of the Germans and the French were bolstered by the fact that Verdun had largely been untouched thus far in the war. Many of the weapons and battalions ...
... The French were largely unaware of all the German preparations along the front lines. The poor weather and rugged terrain helped to hide the actions of the Germans and the French were bolstered by the fact that Verdun had largely been untouched thus far in the war. Many of the weapons and battalions ...
Lesson Plan - Teaching American History
... landed on the shore. So in August, the Germans began massive bombing raids on Britain which attempted to destroy the Royal Air Force (RAF). Although they suffered losses, the British were able to make adjustments to protect their aircraft, pilots, and industry; and the RAF continued to meet German ...
... landed on the shore. So in August, the Germans began massive bombing raids on Britain which attempted to destroy the Royal Air Force (RAF). Although they suffered losses, the British were able to make adjustments to protect their aircraft, pilots, and industry; and the RAF continued to meet German ...
The Armoured Commerce Raider 1914
... When the new war threatened and thereafter broke out in 1939, the military and political leaders all sought inspiration in what had worked, what had failed or what should have been tried in order to succeed two decades earlier. For the military professionals the twenty years after World War I beca ...
... When the new war threatened and thereafter broke out in 1939, the military and political leaders all sought inspiration in what had worked, what had failed or what should have been tried in order to succeed two decades earlier. For the military professionals the twenty years after World War I beca ...
French Belligerence in the Face of German Reconstruction: 1945
... Clay's frustration with France led him to suggest drastic actions to coerce French compliance. During a food shortage in the French zone, Clay asserted that French cooperation "might well have eased the situation," and suggests that aid should be contingent on "a change of attitude by France to quad ...
... Clay's frustration with France led him to suggest drastic actions to coerce French compliance. During a food shortage in the French zone, Clay asserted that French cooperation "might well have eased the situation," and suggests that aid should be contingent on "a change of attitude by France to quad ...
Occupation of France Influences Philosophy
... supplies and men to Germany. French citizens were conscripted by the Germans when they needed people to work in factories and the like. Many such draftees took to the hills in France and worked against the Germans. Other French citizens passed military intelligence to Great Britain and other Allies, ...
... supplies and men to Germany. French citizens were conscripted by the Germans when they needed people to work in factories and the like. Many such draftees took to the hills in France and worked against the Germans. Other French citizens passed military intelligence to Great Britain and other Allies, ...
PDF sample
... withdraw to defend France. Belgian soldiers resisted until 27 May, when having been abandoned by their Allies they surrendered. Britain and France who had started the war together on 2 September 1939 found themselves once more alone, their reluctant allies having fallen by the way side. The defeat o ...
... withdraw to defend France. Belgian soldiers resisted until 27 May, when having been abandoned by their Allies they surrendered. Britain and France who had started the war together on 2 September 1939 found themselves once more alone, their reluctant allies having fallen by the way side. The defeat o ...
Battle of France
... Oct 10 1939 Britain and France decline Hitler's peace treaty. Germany initiated Fall Gelb on the evening prior to and the night of 10 May. During the late evening of 9 May, German forces occupied Luxembourg May 10 1940 Battle for The Hague The attack, where Germany attacked Belgium May 10 1940 Nazi ...
... Oct 10 1939 Britain and France decline Hitler's peace treaty. Germany initiated Fall Gelb on the evening prior to and the night of 10 May. During the late evening of 9 May, German forces occupied Luxembourg May 10 1940 Battle for The Hague The attack, where Germany attacked Belgium May 10 1940 Nazi ...
The Fall of France - Nicholas Senn High School
... and overnight left the strategic assumptions on which Britain had planned to fight Hitler completely obsolete. With France out of the equation, Britain's war for the next four years was fought in the air, at sea, and in the Mediterranean - but not on the Western Front. Not until D-Day, 6 June 1944, ...
... and overnight left the strategic assumptions on which Britain had planned to fight Hitler completely obsolete. With France out of the equation, Britain's war for the next four years was fought in the air, at sea, and in the Mediterranean - but not on the Western Front. Not until D-Day, 6 June 1944, ...
World War II
... 1939 September 3 - France and Great Britain declare war on Germany. 1940 April 9 to June 9 - Germany invades and takes control of Denmark and Norway. 1940 May 10 to June 22 - Germany uses quick strikes called blitzkrieg, meaning lightning war, to take over much of western Europe including the Nether ...
... 1939 September 3 - France and Great Britain declare war on Germany. 1940 April 9 to June 9 - Germany invades and takes control of Denmark and Norway. 1940 May 10 to June 22 - Germany uses quick strikes called blitzkrieg, meaning lightning war, to take over much of western Europe including the Nether ...
France and World War Two
... had a margin of autonomy from the Germans. He and Laval hoped the Germans would accept this through self-interest.1 In reality, Hitler despised the French as decadent (though not slav Untermenschen, to be colonized or eliminated) and there to be exploited to the hilt. Therefore, Vichy could only est ...
... had a margin of autonomy from the Germans. He and Laval hoped the Germans would accept this through self-interest.1 In reality, Hitler despised the French as decadent (though not slav Untermenschen, to be colonized or eliminated) and there to be exploited to the hilt. Therefore, Vichy could only est ...
The Épuration: a Twentieth Century Reign of Terror
... The first acts of vengeance were against the defeated Germans, but the French soon turned against their own country men and women. The public shaving of women’s heads is an infamous act associated with the épuration sauvage. According to Jackson, this occurred almost exclusively in two phases: in Au ...
... The first acts of vengeance were against the defeated Germans, but the French soon turned against their own country men and women. The public shaving of women’s heads is an infamous act associated with the épuration sauvage. According to Jackson, this occurred almost exclusively in two phases: in Au ...
31-2pp
... In the long run, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor would be as serious a mistake as Hitler's invasion of Russia. But the months after Pearl Harbor gave no such hint. Instead, European and American possessions in the Pacific fell one by one to the Japanese. They captured the Philippines and seize ...
... In the long run, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor would be as serious a mistake as Hitler's invasion of Russia. But the months after Pearl Harbor gave no such hint. Instead, European and American possessions in the Pacific fell one by one to the Japanese. They captured the Philippines and seize ...
The Attack on Pearl Harbor
... to join the war on their side. Franklin Roosevelt, the president of the United States during this time, was very close with Winston Churchill. FDR desperately wanted to join the Allied powers and save the United States’ friends. However, the Neutrality Acts passed earlier in the 1930s declared that ...
... to join the war on their side. Franklin Roosevelt, the president of the United States during this time, was very close with Winston Churchill. FDR desperately wanted to join the Allied powers and save the United States’ friends. However, the Neutrality Acts passed earlier in the 1930s declared that ...
Battle Of The Atlantic Part 1
... This was in stark contrast to the traditional view of submarine deployment up until then, in which the submarine was seen as a lone ambusher, waiting outside an enemy port to attack ships entering and leaving. This had been a very successful tactic used by British submarines in the Baltic and Bospor ...
... This was in stark contrast to the traditional view of submarine deployment up until then, in which the submarine was seen as a lone ambusher, waiting outside an enemy port to attack ships entering and leaving. This had been a very successful tactic used by British submarines in the Baltic and Bospor ...
Attack on Mers-el-Kébir
The Attack on Mers-el-Kébir, part of Operation Catapult and also known as the Battle of Mers-el-Kébir, was a British naval bombardment of the French Navy (Marine Nationale) at its base at Mers-el-Kébir on the coast of what was then French Algeria on 3 July 1940. The raid resulted in the deaths of 1,297 French servicemen, the sinking of a battleship and the damaging of five other ships.The combined air-and-sea attack was conducted by the Royal Navy as a direct response to the Franco-German armistice of 22 June, which had seen Britain's sole continental ally replaced by a collaborationist, pro-Nazi government administrated from Vichy. The new Vichy government had also inherited the considerable French naval force of the Marine Nationale; of particular significance were the seven battleships of the Bretagne, Dunkerque and Richelieu classes, which collectively represented the second largest force of capital ships in Europe behind the British. Since Vichy was seen by the British (with a good deal of justification) as a mere puppet state of the Nazi regime, there was serious fear that they would surrender or loan the ships to the Kriegsmarine, an outcome which would largely undo Britain's tenuous grasp on European naval superiority and confer a major Axis advantage in the ongoing Battle of the Atlantic. Despite promises from Admiral Darlan, the Commander of the French Navy, that the fleet would remain under French control and out of the hands of the Germans, Winston Churchill, still reeling from Dunkirk and stung by the Vichy French collaboration, determined that the fleet was simply too dangerous to remain intact, French sovereignty notwithstanding.In response to the British attack at Mers-el-Kébir and another at Dakar, the French mounted air raids on Gibraltar. The Vichy government also severed diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom. The attack remains controversial. It created much rancour between Vichy France and Britain, but it also demonstrated to the world and to the United States in particular, Britain's commitment to continue the war with Germany at all costs and without allies if need be.A great deal of debate has taken place over the motivations of the British. P. M. H. Bell argues that from London's point of view: The times were desperate; invasion seemed imminent; and the British government simply could not afford to risk the Germans seizing control of the French fleet.... The predominant British motive was thus dire necessity and self-preservation.The French on the other hand thought they were acting honorably in terms of their armistice with Germany, and were fully convinced they would never turn over their fleet to Germany. French grievances over what they considered a betrayal by their ally festered for generations.