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The Morphosyntax of Portuguese and Spanish in Latin - Ebook-dl
The Morphosyntax of Portuguese and Spanish in Latin - Ebook-dl

... This volume presents a series of works in comparative syntax ascribed more closely to the microparametric view in the area of the Romance languages in Latin America, which is the mission of Romania Nova. The extension and variability of the Romance languages in the Americas makes them the ideal scen ...
33 HOW COMPLEMENTS DIFFER FROM ADJUNCTS IN PERSIAN
33 HOW COMPLEMENTS DIFFER FROM ADJUNCTS IN PERSIAN

... Persian is one of the so-called pro-drop languages; in addition to the subject, the endings of the verb also indicate the person/number of the subject. So in non-canonical clauses the subject may be dropped. 5. Complements and adjuncts Among all structural elements of the clause, complements are mor ...
LIN1180 Semantics
LIN1180 Semantics

... If at time t something is said that presupposes p, but p is not presupposed (not in common ground), then, all other things being equal, p is introduced in the common ground. ...
French Verbs Made Simple(r)
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... conjugations are presented for each of the models, including those displaying purely orthographic modifications. The key elements for each are highlighted, and all other verbs with analogous conjugations are explicitly identified. A summary table provides in concise form all of the key elements requir ...
Meaning Through Syntax: Language
Meaning Through Syntax: Language

... subject of the clausal verb (e.g., the horse racing past the barn . . .) also has meaning, but what that might be is outside the scope of this article. It is object reduced relatives that have been the focus of much psycholinguistic research. For the object reduced relative construction, we propose ...
Aspect Marking and Modality in Child Vietnamese
Aspect Marking and Modality in Child Vietnamese

... 2. ADULT VIETNAMESE Vietnamese is an SVO and isolating language, thus has no inflectional morphology. Verbs are not inflected, i.e. they never have a stem change, but there are various markers (separate morphemes) that accompany the verb to express Tense and Aspect. There are two types of expression ...
WORD CLASSES AND PART-OF
WORD CLASSES AND PART-OF

... A word’s part-of-speech can tell us something about how the word is pronounced. As Ch. 8 will discuss, the word content, for example, can be a noun or an adjective. They are pronounced differently (the noun is pronounced CONtent and the adjective conTENT). Thus knowing the part-of-speech can produce ...
draft - University of Delaware
draft - University of Delaware

... This type of case has been referred to as “lexical” case, “inherent” case, or “quirky” case; to avoid the question of whether there are different varieties, I will simply refer to “non-structural case.” If this is the distinction—case not depending on the particular lexical items involved or the pa ...
english grammar - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
english grammar - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft

... while section 4.3. shows that perfective present forms can have future perfect readings. Section 4.4. shows that we have XN-readings in Russian, and we give reasons of why these are always implemented by means of imperfective verbs. Section 5 presents our analysis of Russian syntactic past passive p ...
Perfect Readings in Russian - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
Perfect Readings in Russian - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft

... while section 4.3. shows that perfective present forms can have future perfect readings. Section 4.4. shows that we have XN-readings in Russian, and we give reasons of why these are always implemented by means of imperfective verbs. Section 5 presents our analysis of Russian syntactic past passive p ...
ANALYSIS OF CODE-SWITCHING IN GIBRALTAR
ANALYSIS OF CODE-SWITCHING IN GIBRALTAR

... because problematic cases were discarded as instances of borrowing. The absence of structural conflict leads Poplack (1981:5) to formulate the equivalence and the free morpheme constraints. The equivalence constraint states that the order of sentence constituents immediately adjacent to and on both ...
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... category in object position has no legitimate status: it cannot be a variable, as there is no quantifier to bind it, nor can it fulfill the conditions of any other type of ec (PRO, pro or DPtrace)”. This approach not only explains why topicalization in JC may bring about the filling of its base posi ...
Core Syntax: A Minimalist Approach
Core Syntax: A Minimalist Approach

... interactions between theory, analysis and data, and how developments in any one of these areas affects the others. The second way in which the material of the book could be considered ‘core’ is that I have tried to cover a broad range of phenomena which form a (somewhat nebulous) area of empirical i ...
a descriptive analysis of argument alternations
a descriptive analysis of argument alternations

... intuitions  have  resulted  in  the  so-­‐called  “structural  semantics”,  a  branch  of  the  broader   approach   known   as   “structural   linguistics”.   In   particular,   De   Saussure   (1916)   put   forward  a  model  according  to ...
Indian Agency in Spanish Florida
Indian Agency in Spanish Florida

... while Christian Indians in the Southeast played an important part in supporting the Spanish friars, soldiers, and settlers, they did so with comparatively little change to their own material culture and political organization" (Bushnell 1978:28). The resurgence of Spanish mission archaeology in the ...
Area of Investigation - University of Zimbabwe Institutional Repository
Area of Investigation - University of Zimbabwe Institutional Repository

... used the term to describe a situation in which two or more different languages are used in different situations in a society. One of the important features of diglossia is the specialisation of function for H (high) variety and L (low) variety. An H variety is more prestigious. The researcher has no ...
771Lec19-WordMeaningsII
771Lec19-WordMeaningsII

... doing X in some manner (to lisp is a troponym of to talk) entailment: the verb Y is entailed by X if by doing X you must be doing Y (to sleep is entailed by to snore) coordinate terms: those verbs sharing a common hypernym (to lisp and to yell) ...
1-1 1-1 Japanese Audio Flashcard Lessons, Grammar Guide, 9
1-1 1-1 Japanese Audio Flashcard Lessons, Grammar Guide, 9

... Ja is the short form of dewa, which forms the first part of the phrase dewa arimasen = ja arimasen = ‘something is not something else.’ For example hon dewa arimasen = hon ja arimasen = ‘it isn't a book.’ Arimasu is the masu form of the plain speech verb ...
The Morphology of Adverbial Clauses in Sheko
The Morphology of Adverbial Clauses in Sheko

... In Sheko, not only temporal adverbial clauses but also reason clauses are made with help of the relative. Reason clauses end in b-in ta. Examples are given in (37-39). a-yeef-u-ke 3MS-cry-u-REAL ...
Adverb Clause - jeffrey scott longstaff
Adverb Clause - jeffrey scott longstaff

... As...as in the role of complements [This is JSL’s viewpoint!] (when linking verbs are used, the clause – or phrase – is considered to be a “complement”) - or – as a modifier of the adjective or adverb “Susan can speak Korean fluently.” Compared to – how fluently her teacher speaks Korean: - Susan ca ...
http://www.bktit.org BKTIT `s What ? - Tài Nguyên Số
http://www.bktit.org BKTIT `s What ? - Tài Nguyên Số

... This is a fast-track reference book. It is not a dictionary although, like a dictionary, it is arranged alphabetically. It concentrates on problem areas; it anticipates difficulties; it invites cross-references. By exploring punctuation, for example, and paragraphing, it goes far beyond a dictionary’s ...
Gustar and Verbs like Gustar”
Gustar and Verbs like Gustar”

... “I am pleased by the book,” or “The book pleases me,” or “The book is pleasing to me.” ©2010 Teacher’s Discovery ...
23 THE SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
23 THE SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

... the material cause or the psychological cause (motive). Most of adjuncts expresses the meaning of place and time. For example, a sentence in the short story about science fiction, “She had a very happy life until she was murdered on her wedding day”. On her wedding day is a prepositional phrase that ...
W14-0104 - Association for Computational Linguistics
W14-0104 - Association for Computational Linguistics

... of speech: adjectives, nouns and verbs. Therefore, only tokens belonging to these POS are annotated. This concerns abbreviations and acronyms as well2 . ...
Basic English Grammar with Exercises
Basic English Grammar with Exercises

... head, there still is not the room for an infinite amount of linguistic knowledge. The answer must be that this is not how to characterise linguistic knowledge: we do not store all the possible linguistic expressions in our heads, but something else which enables us to produce and understand these ex ...
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Spanish grammar

Spanish grammar is the grammar of the Spanish language (español, castellano), which is a Romance language that originated in north central Spain and is spoken today throughout Spain, some twenty countries in the Americas, and Equatorial Guinea.Spanish is an inflected language. The verbs are potentially marked for tense, aspect, mood, person, and number (resulting in some fifty conjugated forms per verb). The nouns form a two-gender system and are marked for number. Pronouns can be inflected for person, number, gender (including a residual neuter), and case, although the Spanish pronominal system represents a simplification of the ancestral Latin system.Spanish was the first of the European vernaculars to have a grammar treatise, Gramática de la lengua castellana, written in 1492 by the Andalusian linguist Antonio de Nebrija and presented to Isabella of Castile at Salamanca.The Real Academia Española (RAE) traditionally dictates the normative rules of the Spanish language, as well as its orthography.Formal differences between Peninsular and American Spanish are remarkably few, and someone who has learned the dialect of one area will have no difficulties using reasonably formal speech in the other; however, pronunciation does vary, as well as grammar and vocabulary.Recently published comprehensive Spanish reference grammars in English include DeBruyne (1996), Butt & Benjamin (2004), and Batchelor & San José (2010).
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