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Grammatical structures in code-switching among second generation
Grammatical structures in code-switching among second generation

... sentences according to English patterns while they switch from Chinese to English. I have found in my corpus that code-switching is sometimes accompanied by syntactic convergence, but not always. This section will describe syntactic convergence accompanying code-switching at three levels of grammar: ...
fulltext - LOT Publications
fulltext - LOT Publications

... 7.2.4.1 Alternation S=A verbs ............................................................. 137 7.2.4.2 Alternation S=A or P verbs...................................................... 138 7.2.4.3 Verbs that can be used both as transitive and ditransitive ........ 139 7.2.4.4 Verbs that are used as ...
How to Avoid Colloquial (Informal) Writing
How to Avoid Colloquial (Informal) Writing

... the street" and make yourself clear. In formal writing, you should say, "He was the boy whom I saw on the street." In this style, you should be sure to always include "whom" even when it is not necessary to your meaning. Also consider this example: "There were five students who were complaining abou ...
Grammar Worksheets: Lie vs. Lay, Answers and Tips 1. Mrs. Khan
Grammar Worksheets: Lie vs. Lay, Answers and Tips 1. Mrs. Khan

... Teaching Tip: This sentence requires the past participle of the verb lay. It is similar to a student “raising” (not “rising”) his hand. Even though Kieran’s eyes are part of him, he “laid” them (metaphorically) on the beach. ...
Lesson.Lie.Lay.Answers.Tips.Prim
Lesson.Lie.Lay.Answers.Tips.Prim

... Teaching Tip: This sentence requires the past participle of the verb lay. It is similar to a student “raising” (not “rising”) his hand. Even though Kieran’s eyes are part of him, he “laid” them (metaphorically) on the beach. ...
An Updated Typology of Causative Constructions: Form
An Updated Typology of Causative Constructions: Form

... Carlos, Nick and others. You’ve made a non-trivial contribution, as I literally wrote more than 50% of this manuscript in your store. Thank you for the soy lattes. My siblings, Michael, Briannah, and Katie. You mean more to me than I can say. Jeg elsker dere! Mom (Darla Escamilla), who somehow agree ...
Animating the narrow syntax
Animating the narrow syntax

... transitive verbs. Consequently, morpho-syntactically inanimate nominals and animate nominals that denote inanimate objects, such as instrumental subjects, as in (3), are impossible. In order to express the proposition in (3), speakers of Blackfoot must use an impersonal construction, as illustrated ...
LANGUAGE
LANGUAGE

... Vowel harmony is found in a number of Finno-Ugric (and Turkic) languages, as well as in other languages throughout the world. In Erzya, vowel harmony is expressed in the rule according to which a word may contain exclusively front vowels (e, i) or exclusively back vowels (o, u), but not both. The vo ...
Help materials ACEView
Help materials ACEView

... inheritance from a named class ("Every man is a human.") or more complex property restrictions ("Every driver owns a car."). In OWL, the classes do not need names, they can be abstract descriptions, e.g. "(Every) man who owns a dog ...". Such descriptions can be made arbitrarily complex by negation ...
Object Ellipsis as Topic Drop
Object Ellipsis as Topic Drop

... The bracketed constituent in (11), henceforth a ‘without adverbial’ or simply a 'gerund', includes a negation particle, a verb in the form of Perf./Imprf. Participle and a gap.8 In some cases the gap can alternate with an overt pronoun. Russian speakers judge the pronoun in (11)a redundant. In (11)b ...
Indefinite and definite tenses in Hindi: Morpho
Indefinite and definite tenses in Hindi: Morpho

... sis on past tense, most linguists prefer the term -ed/en participle. While explaining Hindi tense system almost all the linguists agree with the term “perfective participle”. Another semantic feature of perfective participle lies on the fact that the perfective participle of transitive verb is passi ...
Morphological contrastive analysis of adverbs in English
Morphological contrastive analysis of adverbs in English

... So, from these definitions we see that adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, phrases or other adverbs, though each linguist or author in both languages gives different examples and expresses it in different ways 2. Classification of adverbs in English language As in many other languages, ...
Строй современного английского языка.
Строй современного английского языка.

... such as stand, sit, lie, hang, kneel, etc. To be sure, was seeing is a much rarer form than was running. And yet was seeing is not impossible, nor is was hearing, was liking, etc., and also was being, e. g.. in the sentence He was being polite to you. In a similar way, the verb feel can be used in t ...
click to proceedings of the conference.
click to proceedings of the conference.

... Turkish is a classical example of an agglutinative morphologically rich language incorporating a large number of productive derivational suffixes. For example, the suffix ‘ydı’ (‘[s/he] was’) in Fig. 1 is a third-person singular past copula attached to the stem ‘araba’ (‘car’). As different portions ...
IndefInIte and defInIte tenses In HIndI: MorpHo
IndefInIte and defInIte tenses In HIndI: MorpHo

... kal merā imtahān hai, āj mujhe pa0hnā hai. As it was possible to express the semantics of indefinite present tense with present imperfective in cases (non-modal verbs) mentioned earlier, but it is absolutely not possible with pa0nā. The syntagma pa0hnā pa0tā hai would give completely different meani ...
Exploring Learners‟ Developing L2 Collocational Competence
Exploring Learners‟ Developing L2 Collocational Competence

... influence, and these errors did not tend to decline over time. It was likely that the learners, in contrast to native English speakers, construct messages from individual words rather than from prefabricated units or formulaic sequences, depending on L1 transfer and having tendency to ignore restric ...
for CHAPTER 3
for CHAPTER 3

... that doing so is slipshod. Do you? What is the basis for their opinion and for yours? Research this question. (While you are at it, check out a dictionary to find out what Winston Churchill had to say about this injunction.) Create a few examples, each written two ways. One possible pair is What is ...
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE SYNONYMOUS AND
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE SYNONYMOUS AND

... contrasts them in meaning. The feature they do not share is present in ...
MA Thesis
MA Thesis

... It also becomes clear that English is not a V2 language when the first constituent is something other than the subject (e.g. a fronted adverbial as in 5.b) 5.b ...
Access
Access

... • Prepositions: in, by, at, of, … • Pronouns: I, you, he, her, them, … • Particles: on, off, … • Determiners: the, a, an, … • Conjunctions: or, and, but, … • Auxiliary verbs: can, may, should, … • Numerals: one, two, three, … ...
Boyer`s Relative Clauses in the Greek New Testament: A Statistical
Boyer`s Relative Clauses in the Greek New Testament: A Statistical

... NASB alters the sentence structure, "He is worthy for you to grant this to him") and John 1:33: e]f ] o{n a}n i@dhj to> pneu?ma katabai?non kai> me
Chinese descriptions
Chinese descriptions

... (have/has   ),  preference  (like   ),  and  a  range  of  verbs  to  describe  daily  activities  or  routine.  They   use  a  range  of  adjectives  usually  with  the  adverbs   or only.  Students  write  memorised  or  copied   phrases,  especially  when  using  complex  structures  (e.g.   ).   ...
1 Noun classes and classifiers, semantics of
1 Noun classes and classifiers, semantics of

... lexical numeral classifiers of South-East Asia to the highly grammaticalized gender agreement classes of Indo-European languages. They have a similar semantic basis, and one can develop from the other. They provide a unique insight into how people categorize the world through their language in terms ...
Grace Theological Journal 9.2 (1988) 233
Grace Theological Journal 9.2 (1988) 233

... NASB alters the sentence structure, "He is worthy for you to grant this to him") and John 1:33: e]f ] o{n a}n i@dhj to> pneu?ma katabai?non kai> me
The Morphosyntax of Portuguese and Spanish in Latin - Ebook-dl
The Morphosyntax of Portuguese and Spanish in Latin - Ebook-dl

... This volume presents a series of works in comparative syntax ascribed more closely to the microparametric view in the area of the Romance languages in Latin America, which is the mission of Romania Nova. The extension and variability of the Romance languages in the Americas makes them the ideal scen ...
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Spanish grammar

Spanish grammar is the grammar of the Spanish language (español, castellano), which is a Romance language that originated in north central Spain and is spoken today throughout Spain, some twenty countries in the Americas, and Equatorial Guinea.Spanish is an inflected language. The verbs are potentially marked for tense, aspect, mood, person, and number (resulting in some fifty conjugated forms per verb). The nouns form a two-gender system and are marked for number. Pronouns can be inflected for person, number, gender (including a residual neuter), and case, although the Spanish pronominal system represents a simplification of the ancestral Latin system.Spanish was the first of the European vernaculars to have a grammar treatise, Gramática de la lengua castellana, written in 1492 by the Andalusian linguist Antonio de Nebrija and presented to Isabella of Castile at Salamanca.The Real Academia Española (RAE) traditionally dictates the normative rules of the Spanish language, as well as its orthography.Formal differences between Peninsular and American Spanish are remarkably few, and someone who has learned the dialect of one area will have no difficulties using reasonably formal speech in the other; however, pronunciation does vary, as well as grammar and vocabulary.Recently published comprehensive Spanish reference grammars in English include DeBruyne (1996), Butt & Benjamin (2004), and Batchelor & San José (2010).
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