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the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb
the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb

... text (see Section 5). The results in Table 3 are similar to Banko and Etzioni’s findings that a set of eight POS patterns cover a large fraction of binary verbal relation phrases. However, their analysis was based on a set of sentences known to contain either a company acquisition or birthplace rela ...
ELL Stage III: Grades 3-5
ELL Stage III: Grades 3-5

... and complex sentences. The student uses sentence structures which include common regular subjects and irregular subjects, and simple, progressive, and present perfect tenses. ...
A Grammar of Bora with Special Attention to Tone
A Grammar of Bora with Special Attention to Tone

... Publications in Linguistics are published by SIL International® . The series is a venue for works covering a broad range of topics in linguistics, especially the analytical treatment of minority languages from all parts of the world. While most volumes are authored by members of SIL, suitable works ...
Document
Document

... hitherto been practised, contrastive typology also aims at establishing the most general structural types of languages on the basis of their dominant or common phonetical/phonetic, morphological, lexical and syntactic features. Apart from this contrastive typology may equally treat dominant or commo ...
Document
Document

... the language features/phenomena or the planes/aspects to which they belong, and irrespective of the number of languages involved, the final aims of major typological investigations are the following: 1) to identify and classify accordingly the main isomorphic and allomorphic features characteristic ...
Poetic language: a Minimalist theory
Poetic language: a Minimalist theory

... [. . . ] if literature is a distinctive use of language with its own very special and unusual codes and practices, it is accessible only to the few who who are in a position to acquire familiarity with those codes and practices. It is at best elitist and at worst solipsistic. But writers have tradit ...
Compositionality Part 1: Basic ideas and definitions
Compositionality Part 1: Basic ideas and definitions

... discussion around it (for natural but also formal languages). I start with some historical background, and then present a precise framework—or rather two related but slightly different frameworks, both due to Wilfrid Hodges—in which the idea of compositionality, and related ideas, can be expressed a ...
Collocation
Collocation

... functional words, they are essentially analogous to separate functional words and are used as connectors and specifies of notional elements of various status. Cf.: from out of, up to, so that, such as must be able, don`t let`s. Functional phrases of such and like character constitute limited groups ...
320 pages - Institutionen för filosofi, lingvistik och vetenskapsteori
320 pages - Institutionen för filosofi, lingvistik och vetenskapsteori

... The current version of the system handles errors concerning agreement in noun phrases, and verb selection of finite and non-finite forms. At the lexical level, we attach all lexical tags to words and do not use a tagger which could eliminate information in incorrect text that might be needed later t ...
RELATIONAL NOUNS, PRONOUNS, AND RESUMPTIONw
RELATIONAL NOUNS, PRONOUNS, AND RESUMPTIONw

... those in (10) and (12) are true resumptive pronouns in Swedish. However, a sentence with a relational noun phrase occupying the equivalent position is completely ungrammatical and is difficult to interpret even purely pragmatically. I adopt the theory of resumptive pronouns presented in Asudeh (2004) ...
Filozofická fakulta Ústav anglického jazyka a didaktiky
Filozofická fakulta Ústav anglického jazyka a didaktiky

... Quirk et al. (ibid.) identify three groups of adverbs: a. simple adverbs do not have a distinctive morphological structure, not being formed by any suffix; the members of this class may be homonymous with members of other word classes due to zero derivation (Biber et al., 1999: 539), e.g.: apart fro ...
1 The cycle without containment: Latin perfect stems Donca Steriade
1 The cycle without containment: Latin perfect stems Donca Steriade

... maintained throughout Latin and into Romance (with an exception class analyzed in section 5.1). The difference between exponents was generally maintained because it reflected syntactic differences between the two categories. In the present context, the key point is that the syntactic distinctness of ...
Negation in Uralic languages - uralicnegation
Negation in Uralic languages - uralicnegation

... f) Possession: Sally has nineteen cats. / The book is John's. The clauses expressing possession can be further divided in the types of 'have'-possession (as in Sally has nineteen cats) and 'belong'-possession (as in The book is John's), according to the terminology of Heine (1997: 29–33). In accorda ...
Existential predication and trans
Existential predication and trans

... chair’), and important cross-linguistic variation is observed in the possible extensions of the use of possessive constructions to non-prototypical situations. Possessive relationships may appear in one of the following ways in linguistic structure: – in a referential act, a possessive relationship ...
Б3.В.3 Осн. теории 1ИЯ Теорграмматика
Б3.В.3 Осн. теории 1ИЯ Теорграмматика

... b. little black puppy c. the table downstairs 6. Tick off the letters of NP with the correct order of adjuncts a. the big same red garden chairs b. the same big red garden chairs c. the same red big garden chairs 7. Tick off the letters of VP a. pleasant to see b. a table to eat off c. begin doing ...
Indexed Stems and Russian Word Formation
Indexed Stems and Russian Word Formation

... shapes throughout their paradigms. Taking the regular first-conjugation verbs am(o) 'love' and laud(o) 'praise', Table 2 shows how the stems are distributed among the present infinitive active, the perfect active, and the perfect passive participle.8 Given the sample of categories in Table 2, one ma ...
Focus on Topic: Information Structure in the
Focus on Topic: Information Structure in the

... formal features, as in using language, people not only think about what to say – the informative content, but also how to order it – the structure. The study is a piece of research into the relationship between units of information conveyed in sentences and their morpho-syntactic devices (constructi ...
Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Workshop on
Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Workshop on

... of vysypat’ ‘pour out (solids)’ and vylivat’ ‘pour out (liquids)’, we will get an intersection rate of 0.2 regardless of which annotation scheme we use (see 1). Only one frame (V+obj+obl in PROIEL, V+1-kompl+3-kompl in SynTagRus) occurs in both profiles, and the smallest of its relative frequencies ...
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank

... morphosyntactic categories, in particular as relator nouns, verbal classifiers, and class morphemes, the final two of which are noun categorization devices. Many of these same body part terms can be incorporated into the verb or form part of lexicalized verb-noun compounds. Deverbal nominalizations ...
syntax and processing of scrambling constructions in russian
syntax and processing of scrambling constructions in russian

... First and foremost, I would like to thank my dissertation committee without whom this dissertation would have been impossible: Professors Janet Dean Fodor, Lyn Frazier, Robert Fiengo, and Dianne Bradley. I owe it to Janet Fodor that I became fascinated with psycholinguistics and syntactic sentence p ...
Robust French syntax analysis : reconciling statistical methods and
Robust French syntax analysis : reconciling statistical methods and

... Acknowledgements This thesis was not written in isolation, but rather within a strongly supportive context, both inside the CLLE-ERSS linguistics research laboratory, and in my wider personal and professional life. Before embarking on the subject matter itself, I would like to thank all of those wi ...
Dr. Cahit Karakuş WEB PAGE
Dr. Cahit Karakuş WEB PAGE

... 1.4. Conversation ................................................................................................................. 63 2. Nouns ................................................................................................................................... 77 2.1. Plural Noun..... ...
- 1 - Adpositions from nouns, one way or another Das war `ne heiße
- 1 - Adpositions from nouns, one way or another Das war `ne heiße

... modifiability and determinability, loss of aspects of lexical (concrete, particular) meaning. The dependent within this phrase remains an NP, but its relationship to the head is reanalysed as that of a “complement”, from having been that of an “attribute”: one concomitant of this change is that com ...
Chinese: An Essential Grammar
Chinese: An Essential Grammar

... The Chinese language, or group of related languages, is spoken by the Hans, who constitute 94 per cent of China]s population. One word for the language in Chinese is Hanyu, the Han language. Different, non-Han languages are spoken by the remaining 6 per cent of the population, the so-called minority ...
Formal devices that express temporality:
Formal devices that express temporality:

... sentences describing situations viewed from inside--may have any of the three tenses. Imperfective sentences without any marker indicating future time or past time must be construed as having a present tense interpretation by default. Zhang’s analysis of Chinese temporal reference is very inspiring ...
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Spanish grammar

Spanish grammar is the grammar of the Spanish language (español, castellano), which is a Romance language that originated in north central Spain and is spoken today throughout Spain, some twenty countries in the Americas, and Equatorial Guinea.Spanish is an inflected language. The verbs are potentially marked for tense, aspect, mood, person, and number (resulting in some fifty conjugated forms per verb). The nouns form a two-gender system and are marked for number. Pronouns can be inflected for person, number, gender (including a residual neuter), and case, although the Spanish pronominal system represents a simplification of the ancestral Latin system.Spanish was the first of the European vernaculars to have a grammar treatise, Gramática de la lengua castellana, written in 1492 by the Andalusian linguist Antonio de Nebrija and presented to Isabella of Castile at Salamanca.The Real Academia Española (RAE) traditionally dictates the normative rules of the Spanish language, as well as its orthography.Formal differences between Peninsular and American Spanish are remarkably few, and someone who has learned the dialect of one area will have no difficulties using reasonably formal speech in the other; however, pronunciation does vary, as well as grammar and vocabulary.Recently published comprehensive Spanish reference grammars in English include DeBruyne (1996), Butt & Benjamin (2004), and Batchelor & San José (2010).
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