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Lemma - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics
Lemma - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics

... ~ base form: infinitive for verbs nom. sg. for nouns, numerals nom. sg. masc. for adjectives ...
on some basic issues of the theory of functional sentence
on some basic issues of the theory of functional sentence

... for quite a long time. Henri Weil, who published his important monograph on word order as early as 1844 (Weil 1844), may rightly be regarded as the forerunner of FSP theorists (cf. Firbas 1974.11—2). It would be interesting to establish to what extent and in what way he was developing findings and t ...
On two hypotheses concerning psycholinguistics
On two hypotheses concerning psycholinguistics

... from the vast synonymous paradigms generally offered by the language, a sentence that can be controlled in speaking and understood by the auditor; and a sentence, moreover, that through sequencing its main elements focusses attention in the way desired"*. The mechanism is also constrained to reveal ...
Articles - Bakersfield College
Articles - Bakersfield College

... Proofreading Exercise Two Correct the errors (indicated in the margin) in the use of articles, nouns and verbs in the following paragraphs: v,a ...
simple and complex predicates
simple and complex predicates

... Verbs and coverbs were shown in Ch. 2 to belong to clearly distinct word classes: verbs (also referred to as ‘generic verbs’) form a closed class whose members obligatorily carry verbal inflections, and cannot appear in a non-finite form. ‘Coverb’ is the term chosen here for a major lexical category ...
Grammar Rules - Brooklyn College
Grammar Rules - Brooklyn College

... Proofreading Exercise Two Correct the errors (indicated in the margin) in the use of articles, nouns and verbs in the following paragraphs: v,a ...
1 Liliane Haegeman UFR Angellier Introducing some basic
1 Liliane Haegeman UFR Angellier Introducing some basic

... and (I) wish I had acquired something …(I) drive off east towards my Alma Mater…. (I) recall seminars by coal fires. (I) remember also hot dates. …(I) drive through Barford, Burford, Bletchley and Bedford. (I) deplore (the) failure of (the) Anglo-Saxon imagination when naming towns. … (I) arrive at ...
The Friendship Page Is Three Years Old!
The Friendship Page Is Three Years Old!

... a. The book provides the students with tools they need for an early academic progress through a large variety of topics that incorporate vocabulary building, information transfer, grammar and structure. b. Grammar includes: - Questions with be - The simple past of be - The simple present - Pronouns ...
anaphora in English and Arabic
anaphora in English and Arabic

... The indirect anaphora shows a kind of anaphoric relation between words in case when the antecedent conceptually differs from the anaphora ; there is no direct reference or conceptual identity between them . It is called hidden , implicit , or associative anaphora ; anaphora as it implies a referenc ...
what are clauses
what are clauses

... a dependent word (or a subordinating conjunction in this case): "Because she is older than her brother, she tells him what to do." Clauses are also classified as restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses. (The words essential and nonessential are sometimes used and mean the same thing as restrictive an ...
Andrew Dombrowski
Andrew Dombrowski

... A further analysis of agreement behavior in French is complicated by the relationship between modern French orthography to the spoken language. However, although the vast majority of French past participles do not display agreement outside the bounds of orthography, examples such as craindre ‘to fea ...
The Gloss Trap - Department of Second Language Studies
The Gloss Trap - Department of Second Language Studies

... Turkish, one may 'drink' smoke as well as liquids; in Japanese, one may 'drink' medicinal pills or powders with or without water, as long as they are orally ingested; in Kazak, the verb' drink' is used for both liquids and solids, in contexts where English would require the verb eat. Such examples m ...
Persian
Persian

... - « Short » vowels (/a/, /e/ and /o/) are not noted. (N.B. contrary to Arabic, these vowels cannot be reconstructed) • Morphology : - Rather poor nominal inflection (no gender, no case) . - Quite rich verbal morphology (modal/adpectual prefixes, 2 different verbal stems, personal endings, incorporat ...
A Dynamic Account of Clitic Climbing: A first sketch
A Dynamic Account of Clitic Climbing: A first sketch

... The version of the DS framework I’m going to use has its basis in the version presented in Cann et al. (2005). I further assume a situation argument being present in the tree structure functioning as the locus where tense and aspect properties are encoded. Building on assumptions by Gregoromichelaki ...
Encoding information on adjectives in a lexical
Encoding information on adjectives in a lexical

... educativo - educational), etc. In IWN we have decided, therefore, to encode hyponymy also for these sets of adjectives. The taxonomies which can be built on the basis of this relation are different from those built for nouns or verbs, since they are generally very flat, consisting almost always of t ...
SEMANTIC ASPECTS OF THE PATTERN QOTEL
SEMANTIC ASPECTS OF THE PATTERN QOTEL

... isolated but their qo/el-form is significant: it indicates the holder of an office or a profession, hober ("astrologer," Isa 47: 13; IQ Isa }JOber), kohen 15. Namely qu/al. the Hebrew equivalent of which would be *'drab. Akkadian iiribu corresponds to the Hebrew form. 16. Post-biblical Hebrew, expan ...
The syntax of preverbal ge- in Old English
The syntax of preverbal ge- in Old English

... ê The difference between HAVE and BE is thus gone, and aside from the verb cuman, ge- is essentially categorical with both. Consider what this means for our analysis of ge-: + Since its distribution is so categorical once we carefully distinguish contexts, it is plausible to think that it realizes a ...
Journal of Child Language Syntactic and semantic coordination in
Journal of Child Language Syntactic and semantic coordination in

... didn’t surprise him), we focused on object complements in the current study, as these are much more common. Syntactically, complement-clause constructions can be grouped into two categories: (i) non-finite complement-clause constructions in which a non-finite clause is the object of a finite clause (e. ...
Blocking of Phrasal Constructions by Lexical Items Introduction
Blocking of Phrasal Constructions by Lexical Items Introduction

... elided by the process referred to as O-Ellipsis.8 In the transitive case this can readily be determined by the case-marking of the object: accusative in the case of a true incorporated periphrastic but genitive in the case of an unincorporated periphrastic that has undergone O-Ellipsis. Another diag ...
DISSERTATION ABSTRACT The Acquisition of the Body
DISSERTATION ABSTRACT The Acquisition of the Body

... BPN itself: (i) within a BPN phrase, variation is observed with respect to the overt realization of a possessive pronoun; (ii) on a BPN, variation is observed with respect to the morphological realization of number-marking on a head noun. The BPN object construction in Romance languages has the foll ...
`Shona (derivational) Morphology: An Observation in Search of a
`Shona (derivational) Morphology: An Observation in Search of a

... fact that the syntactic category of the root to which inflection applies does not change, there are other characteristics. Inflections are characterized by what is sometimes called ‘syntactic generality’, which means that an inflectional affix will apply to all members of the category to which it ca ...
2016 Editorial Style Guide
2016 Editorial Style Guide

... specified with a year, the year is presumed to be A.D. See B.C. addresses Use the abbreviations Ave., Blvd., and St. only with a numbered address: 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. Spell them out and capitalize when part of a formal street name without a number: Pennsylvania Avenue. Lowercase and spell out whe ...
AspectuAlity in Hindi: tHe two pAirs of Aspects
AspectuAlity in Hindi: tHe two pAirs of Aspects

... etc. “is/was coming”) tenses represent imperfective aspect only, and the perfect (āyā hai/thā etc. – “have/had come”) and indefinite (āyā/āegā etc. “came/will come”) tenses are contextual and on the scale of imperfective and perfective, they can be either. This way of expressing the aspect is not un ...
Chapter XII: The Reflexive Pronoun & Adjective
Chapter XII: The Reflexive Pronoun & Adjective

... The words causā and grātiā take the gerund in the genitive to express purpose. In this construction, the gerund is always placed before causā and grātiā. causā and grātiā are both translated as “for the sake of” ...
higher lessons in english
higher lessons in english

... A TALK ON THOUGHTS AND SENTENCES. To express a thought we use more than a single word, and the words arranged to express a thought we call a sentence. But there was a time when, through lack of words, we compressed our thought into a single word. The child says to his father, _up_, meaning, _Take me ...
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Spanish grammar

Spanish grammar is the grammar of the Spanish language (español, castellano), which is a Romance language that originated in north central Spain and is spoken today throughout Spain, some twenty countries in the Americas, and Equatorial Guinea.Spanish is an inflected language. The verbs are potentially marked for tense, aspect, mood, person, and number (resulting in some fifty conjugated forms per verb). The nouns form a two-gender system and are marked for number. Pronouns can be inflected for person, number, gender (including a residual neuter), and case, although the Spanish pronominal system represents a simplification of the ancestral Latin system.Spanish was the first of the European vernaculars to have a grammar treatise, Gramática de la lengua castellana, written in 1492 by the Andalusian linguist Antonio de Nebrija and presented to Isabella of Castile at Salamanca.The Real Academia Española (RAE) traditionally dictates the normative rules of the Spanish language, as well as its orthography.Formal differences between Peninsular and American Spanish are remarkably few, and someone who has learned the dialect of one area will have no difficulties using reasonably formal speech in the other; however, pronunciation does vary, as well as grammar and vocabulary.Recently published comprehensive Spanish reference grammars in English include DeBruyne (1996), Butt & Benjamin (2004), and Batchelor & San José (2010).
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