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... 13.1 Circuit Elements in the s Domain We can perform circuit analysis in the sdomain by replacing each circuit element with its s-domain equivalent circuit. The resulting equivalent circuit is solved by writing algebraic equations using the circuit analysis techniques from resistive circuits. © 2 ...
CMOS_ch1.12_z-A Circuit Design Example
CMOS_ch1.12_z-A Circuit Design Example

Chapter 2 (Part 1)
Chapter 2 (Part 1)

... the carrier frequency re-create the exact shape of the modulating signal known as envelope.  Note that the repetition rate of the envelope is equal to the frequency of the modulating signal. ...
Series and Parallel Circuits
Series and Parallel Circuits

... available. By adding more tollbooths in a series so that they are all connected by a single pathway, the tollbooths effectively slow down the flow of cars because the cars would have to pass through every tollbooth on the path. This corresponds with our observation that adding more resistances to a ...
FAQs for SmartLEWIS RX+ family: TDA5240, TDA5235, TDA5225
FAQs for SmartLEWIS RX+ family: TDA5240, TDA5235, TDA5225

... XTALCAL1), this can be done very easy, when applying a centered RF constant wave (CW) signal and measuring at the external 10.7 MHz ceramic filter (pin 28 – IF_OUT) while the receiver is in Run Mode Slave using DDC mode (Double Down Conversion). Tune the trimming caps so that you get exactly 10.700 ...
3. DC Circuits
3. DC Circuits

LM1036 Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit
LM1036 Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit

... The volume control function of the LM1036 is carried out in two stages, controlled by the DC voltage on pin 12, to improve signal handling capability and provide a reduction of output noise level at reduced gain. The first stage is before the tone control processing and provides an initial 15 dB of ...
28180-2.pdf
28180-2.pdf

... The other approach is to have different VCOs working in different frequency band with small tuning ranges. This is more power consuming but each VCO can be optimized for performance. The designed VCO has 5 cores, each have a tuning range of 200 MHz. Fig. 5 shows a single VCO core. Each core is optim ...
Lect18
Lect18

measuring current - mrhsluniewskiscience
measuring current - mrhsluniewskiscience

... It is used to measure the current in a circuit in amperes Galvanometer can be converted into an ammeter by using a low resistance wire in parallel with the galvanometer  the resistance of the wire depends upon the range of the ammeter As shunt resistance is small the combined resistance of the g ...
FEATURES DESCRIPTION D
FEATURES DESCRIPTION D

... The OPA2846 provides a unique combination of features—low input voltage noise along with a very low distortion output stage—to give one of the highest dynamic range dual op amps available. Its very high Gain Bandwidth Product (GBP) can be used either to deliver high signal bandwidths at high gains, ...
Modifying Preamp Circuitry
Modifying Preamp Circuitry

... Like most of the circuits presently offered on this page, this article is geared toward high gain preamp circuitry designed to produce harmonic distortion. Most of the descriptions will be quite simple, overlooking a great deal of the real complexity of how parts in a circuit interact. But after rea ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... actually detects any conductive materialanything that will conduct an electrical current. The stereotyped pulsedfield portal metal detectors generate electromagnetic pulses that produce very small electrical currents in conductive metal objects within the portal archway which, in turn, generate thei ...
Lecture 13
Lecture 13

... difference and will move a positive charge or current from the a to the b terminals by some process such as electrolysis (storage battery) or the photoelectric effect (solar cells). This “force” is called the electromotive force or EMF or script E. ...
Frequency Response of Sensors
Frequency Response of Sensors

... mechanical components are involved, they possess mass and in themselves tend to restrict rapid force changes. Virtually everything you ever want to know about a mechanical system occurs at frequencies below 100 Hz, with probably +90% of the action occuring below 30 Hz. As a final note, instrumentati ...
Circuits
Circuits

ASK modulation
ASK modulation

... a voltage divided circuit. The main function of the voltage divided circuit is to let the negative voltage waveform of the 2206 IC operates normally. The oscillation frequency of XR2206 IC is determined by resistor R1 and the resistor located at pin 8. Its oscillation frequencies are: ...
PHYSICS 2004  (Delhi Region) PYSP 2004 / Class XII
PHYSICS 2004 (Delhi Region) PYSP 2004 / Class XII

... When the pure semiconductor S is heated, its resistance decreases. So the current in the circuit increases. To keep the reading of ammeter (A) constant, the value of R has to be increased. State two conditions to obtain sustained interference of light. In Young's double slit experiment, using light ...
Very low voltage 16-bit counter in high leakage static CMOS
Very low voltage 16-bit counter in high leakage static CMOS

... path delay of the circuit must be measured, which was determined to be the point at which the carryout bit is toggled. Unfortunately, the carryout bit is only toggled after the counter has cycled through all of its values from zero to 216. In order to keep the transient analysis computation time dow ...
Transistor Effect in the Cochlear Amplifier
Transistor Effect in the Cochlear Amplifier

The Sensitivity of the Input Impedance Parameters of Track Circuits
The Sensitivity of the Input Impedance Parameters of Track Circuits

... siding in Orlova. The results are used to design a predictor of occupancy of a track section. In particular, we were interested in the frequencies of 75 and 275 Hz for this purpose. Many parameter values of track substructures have already been solved in different works in literature. At first, we h ...
G7 - PRACTICAL CIRCUITS [2 exam question - 2 groups]
G7 - PRACTICAL CIRCUITS [2 exam question - 2 groups]

... filter the DC output of a switching power supply is low equivalent series resistance An advantage of a switched-mode power supply as compared to a linear power supply is high frequency operation allows the use of smaller components A 180 degree portion of the AC cycle is converted to DC by a half-wa ...
EC28 - aes journals
EC28 - aes journals

... required by the VCOs. Traditionally, VCOs using CMOS technology have been used for low frequency applications, but submicron processes have allowed CMOS oscillators to achieve frequencies in the gigahertz range [2]. This range is made possible with the use of automatic swing control. VCO can be buil ...
Microwave Amplifiers
Microwave Amplifiers

... For instance if the amplifier is required to drive 50Ω load the voltage across the load may be small, although the corresponding current may be large (there is current gain). For amplifiers functioning at lower frequency (such as IF frequency), it is the voltage gain that is of interest, since imped ...
Lecture 7 Circuit analysis via Laplace transform
Lecture 7 Circuit analysis via Laplace transform

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Regenerative circuit



The regenerative circuit (or regen) allows an electronic signal to be amplified many times by the same active device. It consists of an amplifying vacuum tube or transistor with its output connected to its input through a feedback loop, providing positive feedback. This circuit was widely used in radio receivers, called regenerative receivers, between 1915 and World War II. The regenerative receiver was invented in 1912 and patented in 1914 by American electrical engineer Edwin Armstrong when he was an undergraduate at Columbia University. Due partly to its tendency to radiate interference, by the 1930s the regenerative receiver was superseded by other receiver designs, the TRF and superheterodyne receivers and became obsolete, but regeneration (now called positive feedback) is widely used in other areas of electronics, such as in oscillators and active filters. A receiver circuit that used regeneration in a more complicated way to achieve even higher amplification, the superregenerative receiver, was invented by Armstrong in 1922. It was never widely used in general receivers, but due to its small parts count is used in a few specialized low data rate applications, such as garage door openers, wireless networking devices, walkie-talkies and toys.
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