• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
chapter4a
chapter4a

...  can adapt, perform  “dumb” end systems control, error recovery  telephones  simple inside network,  complexity inside complexity at “edge” network  many link types  different characteristics  uniform service difficult 4: Network Layer ...
IAS-W
IAS-W

... IAS-W offers customised solutions to meet diverse operators’ needs : In urban and suburban areas: IAS-W can satisfy in a cost-conscious manner the stringent time and capacity requirements in areas where the rapid expansion of potential subscribers base requires urgent deployment of telecommunication ...
THE IP MOBILITY APPROACH
THE IP MOBILITY APPROACH

... • Retain everywhere seamless access to a rich set of information. • A global approach for providing IP-based mobility management ov er various access technologies - 3G,4G cellular system are packet switched and have a micro- and pico-cellular network structure ...
ap 12
ap 12

... If a mobile node needs agent information immediately, it can issue ICMP router solicitation message ...
Mobile IP and Wireless Application Protocol
Mobile IP and Wireless Application Protocol

Query Directories
Query Directories

... When this new QD becomes filled, another node will join the list of QDs that are linked in a circular manner. The number of QDs will increase until some kind of steady state level is reached Caching new query ...
a novel approach of aodv for stability and energy efficient routing for
a novel approach of aodv for stability and energy efficient routing for

... mobile ad hoc network (MANET) with multi-hop routing. Clearly, the ad hoc mode allows for a more flexible network, but its aim is not to connect to the Internet. In this paper, we address the issue of connecting MANETs to global IPv6 networks while supporting IPv6 mobility with AODV. Much attention ...
ppt - inst.eecs.berkeley.edu
ppt - inst.eecs.berkeley.edu

...  Filters frames to avoid unnecessary load on segments  Sends frames only to segments that need to see them Extends the geographic span of the network  Separate collision domains allow longer distances Improves privacy by limiting scope of frames  Hosts can “snoop” the traffic traversing their se ...
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences

... The nodes which have more common neighbor with the previous node will have lower delay. During packet transmission the common node will know this fact first. These rebroadcast delay enables the information, that these nodes have transmitted the packets to more neighbors which forms the key to succes ...
Datagram vs. Virtual Circuit
Datagram vs. Virtual Circuit

Virtual Slice Management and Resource
Virtual Slice Management and Resource

... In all previous papers before 2013, there is a common assumption that the SN network is fault-free, i.e., the underlying InP network remains operational at all times. The fault-free assumption is removed in the following paper, which considers a variant of VNE in the scenario where the SN network i ...
ConnectX®-3 Pro VPI Adapters for Open Compute
ConnectX®-3 Pro VPI Adapters for Open Compute

... Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud demands that data centers host and serve multiple tenants, each with its own isolated network domain over a shared network infrastructure. To achieve maximum efficiency, data center operators create overlay networks that carry traffic from individual Virtual ...
Ch. 8 Circuit Switching
Ch. 8 Circuit Switching

... • Three Layers are defined – X.21 is the physical layer interface (often EIA-232 is substituted) – LAP-B is the link-level logical interface-it is a subset of HDLC. – Layer 3 has a multi-channel interface-sequence numbers are used to acknowledge packets on each virtual ...
P2P Lecture
P2P Lecture

... Massive scalability Autonomy : non single point of failure Resilience to Denial of Service Load distribution Resistance to censorship ...
Slides
Slides

... Interplay between routing, forwarding routing algorithm determines end-end-path through network ...
Darwin: Customizable Resource Management for Value
Darwin: Customizable Resource Management for Value

... » Forward error correction: many related code words map to the same data word » Detect errors and retry transmission ...
IP Multicast Tutorial
IP Multicast Tutorial

... • Both LSRs then have a common understanding ...
Chapter 10 Protocols for QoS Support
Chapter 10 Protocols for QoS Support

... looking up an incoming label to determine the outgoing label, encapsulation, port, and other data handling information. Label swapping A forwarding paradigm allowing streamlined forwarding of data by using labels to identify classes of data packets that are treated indistinguishably when forwarding. ...
Hybrid NPT 1200 Product Note
Hybrid NPT 1200 Product Note

... streamlines end-to-end metro service delivery by combining carrier-grade service assurance, visibility, and control with packet efficiency and unparalleled multiservice support. This includes native TDM, Packet, and OTN. It offers a powerful, flexible, and efficient E2E metro solution for high-perfo ...
Chap 3 Layer 3 Protocol
Chap 3 Layer 3 Protocol

... The second is transferring the data packets from one network segment to another, to get to the destination host ...
2.2 2-1 LAYERED TASKS We use the concept of layers in our daily
2.2 2-1 LAYERED TASKS We use the concept of layers in our daily

... Figure 2.19 Physical addresses ...
PDF
PDF

... Enhanced mobility: Mobile networks based on IPv4 can only support peering between nodes on the same subnet, which can be a significant limitation in complex mobile operations. While IPv6-based OSPFv3 eliminates a number of addressing and peering restrictions, it does not support IPv4 nodes as origin ...
slides - Network and Systems Laboratory
slides - Network and Systems Laboratory

... • Measure # of hops it takes to obtain a random selection distribution whose standard diviation is within 5% of that of true random distribution • Graphs are churned before the selections • # of selection = 10 * the network size ...
Chapter 5: Sample Questions, Problems and Solutions Örnek Sorular (Sample Questions):
Chapter 5: Sample Questions, Problems and Solutions Örnek Sorular (Sample Questions):

... Suppose that instead of using 16 bits for the network part of a class B address originally, 20 bits had been used. How many class B networks would there have been? ANS: With a 2 – bit prefix, there would have been 18 bits left over to indicate the network. Consequently, the number of networks would ...


... wireless network provides flexibility over standard wired networks. Only with the help of wireless networks, the users can retrieve information and get services even when they travel from place to place. The single -hop and multi-hop Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) are the two major classifications o ...
< 1 ... 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 ... 265 >

IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report