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Computer Networking
Computer Networking

... software program on each computer, it can be installed on the server. All of the users can then access the program from a single location. ...
Overview
Overview

... (protocol number for IP) – Source address is the IP address of the encapsulator; tunnel entry point – Destination address is the IP address of the decapsulator (FA or mobile). This is the tunnel exit point. ...
the sending adapter inserts the destination adapter`s MAC address
the sending adapter inserts the destination adapter`s MAC address

Router
Router

... All services are unreliable ...
Local Area Networks
Local Area Networks

... The 4-layer Internet Model ...
WB_IP-2
WB_IP-2

... if sending to a host on same subnet (e.g. ethernet), the MAC address corresponds to the IP DA; if sending to default router, the MAC/hardware DA is the router’s, while the IP DA is that of the final destination. ...
Why QTECH?
Why QTECH?

... Uses the PTMP (point to multipoint) technology that efficiently gathers scattered Ethernet services, and provides standard 10/100/1000M RJ45 interface for seamless communication with the existing network Dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) ensures that all users can use 1G bandwidth with QOS Multicas ...
Establish bounds on the total rate of data exfiltration
Establish bounds on the total rate of data exfiltration

... – Malware spreads instantaneously every time that an infected node communicates with a clean node – Any node can communicate with any other node – Detectors can not distinguish between clean and infected nodes • Without modifying normal network behavior (node communication and upload rate) or knowin ...
Brad® Ethernet Protocol Software Stacks
Brad® Ethernet Protocol Software Stacks

... quickly embed EtherNet/IP protocols for both master and slave devices thereby reducing their costs and time-to-market. The stacks enable customers to design EtherNet/IP Scanner/Adapter (master/slave) devices such as PLC couplers, PC-based interface cards, robot controllers and industrial PCs. Or by ...
Convergence Rates of Distributed Average Consensus With
Convergence Rates of Distributed Average Consensus With

... In this work, we consider a network with an underlying topology that is an arbitrary, connected, undirected graph where links fails with independent but not necessarily identical probability. In such stochastic networks, we define convergence in terms of the variance of deviation from average. We sh ...
Routing to the MEN`s edge TextStart Investment in Metro Ethernet
Routing to the MEN`s edge TextStart Investment in Metro Ethernet

COS 420 day 13
COS 420 day 13

... Designated router optimization for shared networks Virtual network topology abstracts away details Can import external routing information ...
2.1 Chapter 2 Network Models
2.1 Chapter 2 Network Models

... “Encapsulation”: Each layer has its own PDU that’s passes (as a parameter) to the layer beneath, which in turn adds a “ header ”(at layer 2 also adds trailer”) before assign to the next layer (except the physical layer). Why “header” and “trailer”? Physical movement of information PDU is “vertical” ...
QoS Terminology and Parameters
QoS Terminology and Parameters

... •The IP-precedence scheme allows only specification of relative priority of a packet. it has no provisions to specify different drop precedence for packets of a certain priority. •The 3 bits restrict the number of possible priority classes to 8 •The ToS mechanism is not powerful enough to allow an a ...
TDC 363 Local Area Networks
TDC 363 Local Area Networks

... SONET vs. Gigabit Ethernet • Optical Ethernet can support links in the network range from 3 to 6+ miles using single mode 1310 nm wavelength and up to 43.4 miles for 1550 nm wavelength • Optical Ethernet can segregate traffic of different users and deliver the particular service level each user pur ...
IP: Addresses and Forwarding - ECSE
IP: Addresses and Forwarding - ECSE

...  Unique IP address per interface  Classful (A,B,C) => address allocation not efficient  Hierarchical => smaller routing tables  Provision for broadcast, multicast, loopback addresses  Subnet masks allow “subnets” within a “network” => improved address allocation efficiency  Problem: Host moves ...
EPL-Router sorgt für Transparenz und Durchgängigkeit
EPL-Router sorgt für Transparenz und Durchgängigkeit

... replies with a „Poll Response“ (PRes). The PRes are sent by Ethernetmulticast. That way all others can also hear the response. A crosswise datatraffic between the CNs is possible. It is not necessary to poll every device in each cycle. Telegrams can be transferred by PDO and SDO. Seamless integratio ...
Group Address
Group Address

... • When the G1 member on 128.186.4.0/24 tune in, it sends IGMP onto the network segment. Assume router E is the DR, it originates a groupmembership-LSA, and flood it throughout the MOSPF domain and inform other routers that 128.186.4.0/24 has a G1 member. • When router A receives the next G1 packet f ...
ETSI Broadband Access including Fixed Wireless Access
ETSI Broadband Access including Fixed Wireless Access

... – Promotion of BWA systems (operating between 2.5 and 66 GHz) – Certification of interoperability for products from multiple vendors • ETSI and WiMAX have a common interest – to perform and promote standardization with the aim of a global information infrastructure – in avoiding duplication of techn ...
ppt
ppt

... OSPF = Open Shortest Path First (Why Open?) The OSPF routing protocol is the most important link state routing protocol on the Internet (another link state routing protocol is IS-IS (intermediate system to ...
p2p_7
p2p_7

... How can P2P techniques be used to provide decentralized, self-organizing, scalable storage? o Two proposals built on top of Pastry and Chord o ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
O A RIGINAL RTICLE

... of client digital signals processed predominantly in the optical domain (Ab-Rahman et al., 2006a). The wavelengths on each optical trunk can be switched between each other while implementing add and drop functions simultaneously. The multiplexer has undergone performance test at 2.5 Gbps (OC-48) wit ...
slides
slides

... Packets for long sessions may go to another node if the routing dynamics change ...
A Framework for Developing Mobile Active Services
A Framework for Developing Mobile Active Services

... promoted. Whether the identifiers are used to identify nodes, code modules, or other functional elements, the identifier space used can be optimised to include semantics that will assist and better the routing and network processing within the design space. In this presentation we consider one possi ...
An Energy and Trust-aware Routing Protocol for Large Wireless
An Energy and Trust-aware Routing Protocol for Large Wireless

... another type of routing protocol was selected). We opted for requesting reputation information from a limited number (e.g. four) of neighbors, as a first action towards limiting the introduced overhead. In more detail, the source node randomly selects one node per quadrant so that only four unicast ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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