Chap 18 - The University of Tulsa
... Congestion control is a mechanism for improving performance. Congestion is usually handled at the Transport layer, but can be addressed at the Network layer. ...
... Congestion control is a mechanism for improving performance. Congestion is usually handled at the Transport layer, but can be addressed at the Network layer. ...
Interconnection networks 1 - Thayer School of Engineering
... • Key to protocol families is that communication occurs logically at the same level of the protocol, called peer-to-peer, but is implemented via services at the lower level • Danger is each level increases latency if implemented as hierarchy (e.g., multiple check sums) ...
... • Key to protocol families is that communication occurs logically at the same level of the protocol, called peer-to-peer, but is implemented via services at the lower level • Danger is each level increases latency if implemented as hierarchy (e.g., multiple check sums) ...
Internet control protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP)
... – Key for robustness in the face of unpredictable change ...
... – Key for robustness in the face of unpredictable change ...
Lecturer: Dr. Ahmed M. Al
... networked hosts in an internetwork. Quite simply, it cannot define a network address. This is by design; this uniquely flat address space is not used for endpoint addressing. Instead, it serves as a code that lets a host send single stream of IP packets to numerous destination machines simultaneousl ...
... networked hosts in an internetwork. Quite simply, it cannot define a network address. This is by design; this uniquely flat address space is not used for endpoint addressing. Instead, it serves as a code that lets a host send single stream of IP packets to numerous destination machines simultaneousl ...
on public IP addresses
... • If two network interfaces are on the same physical network, they can communicate directly with one another at the MAC layer • In fact, each of the three primary IP address classes—namely A, B, and C— also has an associated default subnet ...
... • If two network interfaces are on the same physical network, they can communicate directly with one another at the MAC layer • In fact, each of the three primary IP address classes—namely A, B, and C— also has an associated default subnet ...
Colorful Spring Flowers
... bootp or DHCP server – A client broadcasts a message requesting an IP address (when it is turned on and connected) – Server (maintaining IP address pool) responds with a message containing IP address (and its subnet mask) – IP addresses can also be assigned with a time limit (leased IP addresses) – ...
... bootp or DHCP server – A client broadcasts a message requesting an IP address (when it is turned on and connected) – Server (maintaining IP address pool) responds with a message containing IP address (and its subnet mask) – IP addresses can also be assigned with a time limit (leased IP addresses) – ...
Wi-Fi EOC Slave Quick Start Guide
... 4. Lease Time: You can set the time period during which the DHCP allows the assigned IP addresses to be used by the clients. By setting a suitable lease time, you would enable the DHCP to take better advantage of the IP addresses which are not used again. For example, you can set the lease time as o ...
... 4. Lease Time: You can set the time period during which the DHCP allows the assigned IP addresses to be used by the clients. By setting a suitable lease time, you would enable the DHCP to take better advantage of the IP addresses which are not used again. For example, you can set the lease time as o ...
netwlayer
... for establishing, maintaining and terminating connections The network layer provides: Routing Flow and congestion control Internetworking ...
... for establishing, maintaining and terminating connections The network layer provides: Routing Flow and congestion control Internetworking ...
1. Foundation
... delivery service to a process-to-process communication channel? • Best-effort service provided by IP: • drops messages • re-orders messages • delivers duplicate copies of a given message • limits messages to some finite size • delivers messages after an arbitrarily long delay ...
... delivery service to a process-to-process communication channel? • Best-effort service provided by IP: • drops messages • re-orders messages • delivers duplicate copies of a given message • limits messages to some finite size • delivers messages after an arbitrarily long delay ...
CAN with Flexible Data Rate - Bosch Semiconductors and Sensors
... to its limit. Solving this problem by using multiple CAN buses or by switching to another protocol requires high effort in system design as well as replacing hardware and software. Over the years, several concepts have been proposed how to replace CAN with new bus systems that have a higher bandwidt ...
... to its limit. Solving this problem by using multiple CAN buses or by switching to another protocol requires high effort in system design as well as replacing hardware and software. Over the years, several concepts have been proposed how to replace CAN with new bus systems that have a higher bandwidt ...
The Internet Protocols
... Transport protocol may need upper bound on lifetime of a datagram • Can mark datagram with lifetime ...
... Transport protocol may need upper bound on lifetime of a datagram • Can mark datagram with lifetime ...
lec6-L2-LAN
... while transmitting, aborts and sends jam signal 5. After aborting, adapter enters exponential backoff: after the nth collision, adapter chooses a K at random from {0,1,2,…,2m-1}. Adapter waits K*512 bit times and returns to Step 2 m = min(n,10) ...
... while transmitting, aborts and sends jam signal 5. After aborting, adapter enters exponential backoff: after the nth collision, adapter chooses a K at random from {0,1,2,…,2m-1}. Adapter waits K*512 bit times and returns to Step 2 m = min(n,10) ...
DNS and ARP
... 2. In CSMA/CD network there are two computers A and B which collide in round 1. Give the table of possible outcomes of the second round and their probabilities. Assume that the initial delay period after the collision is D=1 (the hosts pick a random number between 0 and D before trying to re-transmi ...
... 2. In CSMA/CD network there are two computers A and B which collide in round 1. Give the table of possible outcomes of the second round and their probabilities. Assume that the initial delay period after the collision is D=1 (the hosts pick a random number between 0 and D before trying to re-transmi ...
Document
... address is local or remote (on the other side of the bridge), and only allows those data frames with non-local destination addresses to cross the bridge. A router is more discriminating. The router first confirms the existence of the destination address as well as the latest information on available ...
... address is local or remote (on the other side of the bridge), and only allows those data frames with non-local destination addresses to cross the bridge. A router is more discriminating. The router first confirms the existence of the destination address as well as the latest information on available ...
Lecture 7
... • TCP promises sequenced delivery to the application layer, by adding a sequence number to every packet. Packets are reordered by the receiving TCP layer before handing off to the application layer. This also aides in handling “duplicate” packets. ...
... • TCP promises sequenced delivery to the application layer, by adding a sequence number to every packet. Packets are reordered by the receiving TCP layer before handing off to the application layer. This also aides in handling “duplicate” packets. ...
Diapositive 1
... The only way to communicate with A and B is using Protocol P and Q respectively ...
... The only way to communicate with A and B is using Protocol P and Q respectively ...
Introduction
... bits all set to 1s and (32 – n) rightmost bits all set to 0s. It is used by a router to find the network address from the destination address of a packet. The idea of splitting a network into smaller subnetworks is called subnetting. A subnetwork mask, like a network mask, is used to find the subn ...
... bits all set to 1s and (32 – n) rightmost bits all set to 0s. It is used by a router to find the network address from the destination address of a packet. The idea of splitting a network into smaller subnetworks is called subnetting. A subnetwork mask, like a network mask, is used to find the subn ...
Logical Address - Chabot College
... • Switch doesn’t handle device moves well. – When a device is moved from one switch port to another, the switch’s MAC address table will be wrong until it is “flushed” or “ages out”. ...
... • Switch doesn’t handle device moves well. – When a device is moved from one switch port to another, the switch’s MAC address table will be wrong until it is “flushed” or “ages out”. ...
Part III Network Layer
... The first byte is numbered 10,001. What are the sequence numbers for each segment if data are sent in five segments, each carrying 1,000 bytes? ...
... The first byte is numbered 10,001. What are the sequence numbers for each segment if data are sent in five segments, each carrying 1,000 bytes? ...
DHCP Server - University of Delaware
... • DHCP is an extension of Bootstrap Protocol • Uses same basic PDU format for backwards compatibility • Introduces pool of IP addresses for dynamic assignment • Concept of temporary leased addresses ...
... • DHCP is an extension of Bootstrap Protocol • Uses same basic PDU format for backwards compatibility • Introduces pool of IP addresses for dynamic assignment • Concept of temporary leased addresses ...
notes - Academic Csuohio
... A creates IP datagram with source A, destination B A uses ARP to get R’s MAC address for 111.111.111.110 A creates link-layer frame with R's MAC address as dest, frame contains A-to-B IP datagram This is a really important A’s NIC sends frame ...
... A creates IP datagram with source A, destination B A uses ARP to get R’s MAC address for 111.111.111.110 A creates link-layer frame with R's MAC address as dest, frame contains A-to-B IP datagram This is a really important A’s NIC sends frame ...
IP
Addressing
and
Forwarding
... – Ternary CAMs (TCAMS): Stored data is 0, 1,
• Least
sig.
bits
represented
by
(netmask=0)
...
... – Ternary CAMs (TCAMS): Stored data is 0, 1,
I²C
I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), pronounced I-squared-C, is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. Alternatively I²C is spelled I2C (pronounced I-two-C) or IIC (pronounced I-I-C). Since October 10, 2006, no licensing fees are required to implement the I²C protocol. However, fees are still required to obtain I²C slave addresses allocated by NXP.Several competitors, such as Siemens AG (later Infineon Technologies AG, now Intel mobile communications), NEC, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson), Motorola (later Freescale), and Intersil, have introduced compatible I²C products to the market since the mid-1990s.SMBus, defined by Intel in 1995, is a subset of I²C that defines the protocols more strictly. One purpose of SMBus is to promote robustness and interoperability. Accordingly, modern I²C systems incorporate policies and rules from SMBus, sometimes supporting both I²C and SMBus, requiring only minimal reconfiguration.