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Link Layer - Rose
Link Layer - Rose

... • Q: why both link-level and end-end reliability? ...
CCNA Discovery Networking for Home and Small Businesses Lab 5
CCNA Discovery Networking for Home and Small Businesses Lab 5

... What is the decimal equivalent to the binary number of 11011100? ________________________ ...
Link Layer
Link Layer

... “MAC” addresses used in frame headers to identify source, dest ...
e3-e4 cfa core subject
e3-e4 cfa core subject

... 68. Direct Broadcast Address is used by a router to send a packet to all hosts in a network. 69. If an IP address is composed of all 0s, it means This Host on this Network. 70. A host address which does not know its IP address uses the IP address 0.0.0.0 as the source address and 255.255.255.255 as ...
Ethernet
Ethernet

... Figure 13.3 Ethernet evolution through four generations ...
ch2
ch2

... • Often multiple bits are encoded onto a signal, where for example with 4 bits per signal, the baud rate may be 4 times the bit rate ...
Lecture 2 Layers of the OSI
Lecture 2 Layers of the OSI

... A binary number has only 2 symbols and has therefore base 2. Even here each number can be divided into its different parts. For example 110010: ...
Document
Document

... – But this is all done on top of IP, which is connectionless, so we’ll need to implement quite a bit of extra logic in TCP to get the connection-oriented characteristics out of an underlying connectionless medium ...
Module 2: Assigning IP Addresses in a Multiple Subnet
Module 2: Assigning IP Addresses in a Multiple Subnet

... What Are Private and Public IP Addresses? Private addresses: Do not have to be registered Can be assigned by the network administrator Are used on computers that are not accessed by the Internet ...
INTERNET PROTOCOL IP datagram format is shown in
INTERNET PROTOCOL IP datagram format is shown in

... and user protocol, is intended to identify a datagram uniquely. Thus, this number should be unique for the datagram source address, destination address, and user protocol for the time during which the datagram will remain in the internet. Flags (3 bits): Only two of the bits are currently defined. T ...
Network Layer
Network Layer

... Internet, the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 cannot happen suddenly. It takes a considerable amount of time before every system in the Internet can move from IPv4 to IPv6. The transition must be smooth to prevent any problems between IPv4 and IPv6 systems. Topics discussed in this section: ...
module03-ipaddr
module03-ipaddr

... – With subnetting, a backbone router only needs to know one entry for each Class A, B, or C networks – This is acceptable for Class A and Class B networks • 27 = 128 Class A networks • 214 = 16,384 Class B networks ...
ppt
ppt

... another transmission while transmitting, aborts and 2. If adapter senses channel sends jam signal idle, it starts to transmit frame. If it senses 5. After aborting, adapter channel busy, waits until enters exponential channel idle and then backoff: after the mth transmits collision, adapter chooses ...
NetworkingTheory
NetworkingTheory

... Version – which version of IP is being used (though there is a different header for IPv6) IHL (Internet Header Length) – tells how long the header is, in 32-bit words. The minimum value is 5, maximum is 15 (limiting the header to 60 bytes) Type of Service – intended to distinguish between different ...
Networking Theory
Networking Theory

... Version – which version of IP is being used (though there is a different header for IPv6) IHL (Internet Header Length) – tells how long the header is, in 32-bit words. The minimum value is 5, maximum is 15 (limiting the header to 60 bytes) Type of Service – intended to distinguish between different ...
Introduction - Ceng Anadolu
Introduction - Ceng Anadolu

... – A uses ARP to get R’s MAC address for 111.111.111.110 – A creates Ethernet frame with R's MAC as dest, Ethernet frame contains A-to-E IP datagram – A’s data link layer sends Ethernet frame to R – R’s data link layer receives Ethernet frame – R removes IP datagram from Ethernet frame, sees its dest ...
Course Notes
Course Notes

... Provides the upper layers with independence from the data transmission and physical networking technologies. Responsible for sending data from source to destination. This includes the nodes inbetween (and therefore it is not end-to-end) Responsible for requesting network facilities, such as prio ...
here - Redbrick DCU
here - Redbrick DCU

... • The Presentation layer translates data from the Application layer into an intermediary format. This layer also manages security issues by providing services such as data encryption, and compresses data so that fewer bits need to be transferred on the network. • The Session layer allows two applica ...
IPv6 The New Internet Protocol
IPv6 The New Internet Protocol

... – Used to communicate to the closest of a class of nodes (closest DNS, closest router) – Allocated from the same address space as Unicast addresses ...
Lecture No. 10
Lecture No. 10

... Although message exchange can be used to bind addresses, sending a request for each binding is hopelessly inefficient. To reduce network traffic, ARP software extracts and saves the information from a response so that it can be used for subsequent packets. ARP manages the Table as a cache short-term ...
What is IPv6?
What is IPv6?

...  1B mobile users by 2005  1B Internet users by 2005  90% of all new mobile phones will have internet access by 2003 (Morgan Stanley Dean Witter, May 2000)  Projections of address space exhaustion by 2010 – Pain Sooner (Europe and Asia) ...
unit7 - WCU Computer Science
unit7 - WCU Computer Science

... IP v 1-3 defined and replaced IP v4 - current version IP v5 - streams protocol IP v6 - replacement for IP v4 – During development it was called IPng – Next Generation ...
The Basics of Application Monitoring
The Basics of Application Monitoring

... For computing purposes, one of three notations is normally used to represent numbers. These are Hexadecimal, a base 16 system, decimal, a base 10 system and binary (base 2) system. Here is a quick review of these number systems and how they are used to represent numbers in IP addressing. Decimal IP ...
IP address
IP address

... • Giving addresses to clients (automatically) only when they are logged in to a network – Eliminates permanent addresses to clients – When the computer is moved to another location, its new IP address is assigned automatically – Makes efficient use of IP address space ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... With Subnetting • Different subnetmasks lead to different views of the scope of the network ...
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I²C



I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), pronounced I-squared-C, is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. Alternatively I²C is spelled I2C (pronounced I-two-C) or IIC (pronounced I-I-C). Since October 10, 2006, no licensing fees are required to implement the I²C protocol. However, fees are still required to obtain I²C slave addresses allocated by NXP.Several competitors, such as Siemens AG (later Infineon Technologies AG, now Intel mobile communications), NEC, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson), Motorola (later Freescale), and Intersil, have introduced compatible I²C products to the market since the mid-1990s.SMBus, defined by Intel in 1995, is a subset of I²C that defines the protocols more strictly. One purpose of SMBus is to promote robustness and interoperability. Accordingly, modern I²C systems incorporate policies and rules from SMBus, sometimes supporting both I²C and SMBus, requiring only minimal reconfiguration.
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