skin and soft tissue infections
... Completely repaired congenital heart defects with prosthetic material or device, whether placed by surgery or by catheter intervention, during the first six months after the procedure. Repaired congenital heart disease with residual defects at the site or adjacent to the site of the prosthetic devic ...
... Completely repaired congenital heart defects with prosthetic material or device, whether placed by surgery or by catheter intervention, during the first six months after the procedure. Repaired congenital heart disease with residual defects at the site or adjacent to the site of the prosthetic devic ...
Tetanus ( Lock jaw )
... Tetanospasmin is potent neurotoxin that produced spasms and voluntary muscular contraction (Tetanus). Tetanolysin is a hemolysin that causing hemolysis of the RBCs. N.B: Tetanus toxin or tetanospasmin is one of the three most poisonous substances known, the other two being the toxins of botulism and ...
... Tetanospasmin is potent neurotoxin that produced spasms and voluntary muscular contraction (Tetanus). Tetanolysin is a hemolysin that causing hemolysis of the RBCs. N.B: Tetanus toxin or tetanospasmin is one of the three most poisonous substances known, the other two being the toxins of botulism and ...
Incubation period
... Three main types: foodborne botulism (food) wound botulism (toxin produced in a wound) infant botulism (consumed botulinum spores release toxin in GIT) Spores – destroyed at 120 °C for 20 min. Toxin – inactivated by boiling for 10 min. ...
... Three main types: foodborne botulism (food) wound botulism (toxin produced in a wound) infant botulism (consumed botulinum spores release toxin in GIT) Spores – destroyed at 120 °C for 20 min. Toxin – inactivated by boiling for 10 min. ...
ADAPTATIONS IN BACTERIA
... must be sterilized or heated under high pressure in either a pressure cooker or an autoclave. Under pressure, water will boil at a higher temperature than its usual 100 ºC, which kills endospores. Canned foods must be sterilized and acidified. Endospores of the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum, easi ...
... must be sterilized or heated under high pressure in either a pressure cooker or an autoclave. Under pressure, water will boil at a higher temperature than its usual 100 ºC, which kills endospores. Canned foods must be sterilized and acidified. Endospores of the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum, easi ...
Chapter 22 Powerpoint lecture
... • Initial symptoms: sore throat and nausea, headache, fever, stiffness of back and neck • First invades lymph nodes of neck and small intestine • Viremia may occur; if persistent, virus can enter the CNS; destruction of motor cells and paralysis occurs in <1% of ...
... • Initial symptoms: sore throat and nausea, headache, fever, stiffness of back and neck • First invades lymph nodes of neck and small intestine • Viremia may occur; if persistent, virus can enter the CNS; destruction of motor cells and paralysis occurs in <1% of ...
Chapter 22 Powerpoint Show
... women, cancer patients • Gram-negative aerobic rod • Usually foodborne, can be transmitted to fetus • Can cross the placenta causing spontaneous abortion and stillborns ...
... women, cancer patients • Gram-negative aerobic rod • Usually foodborne, can be transmitted to fetus • Can cross the placenta causing spontaneous abortion and stillborns ...
Foodborne pathogens
... • Systemic disease, host-adapted serotypes are more invasive and tend to cause systemic disease in their hosts. S.Typhi, S.Paratyphi A,B and C. • Typhoid fever has incubation period from 3 to 56 days, usually between10 and 20 days. • Invasive salmonellas penetrate the intestinal epithelium and are t ...
... • Systemic disease, host-adapted serotypes are more invasive and tend to cause systemic disease in their hosts. S.Typhi, S.Paratyphi A,B and C. • Typhoid fever has incubation period from 3 to 56 days, usually between10 and 20 days. • Invasive salmonellas penetrate the intestinal epithelium and are t ...
Bacillus anthracis
... • Infective dose = 8,000 - 15,000 spores • Incubation period = 1-6 days • Duration of illness = 3-5 days • Fever, malaise, and fatigue • Short period of improvement = up to 2 ...
... • Infective dose = 8,000 - 15,000 spores • Incubation period = 1-6 days • Duration of illness = 3-5 days • Fever, malaise, and fatigue • Short period of improvement = up to 2 ...
Getting to Know Harmful Bacteria
... or animals that cause one of the most common intestinal infections in the United States is called salmonellosis (a.k.a. food poisoning). ...
... or animals that cause one of the most common intestinal infections in the United States is called salmonellosis (a.k.a. food poisoning). ...
„Approved”
... Differences in antigenicity among the toxins produced by different strains of botulismcausing organisms allow for separation of the organisms into 7 distinct types (A-G). Types A, B, and E are the toxins most often responsible for disease in humans, while types C and D only cause disease in other an ...
... Differences in antigenicity among the toxins produced by different strains of botulismcausing organisms allow for separation of the organisms into 7 distinct types (A-G). Types A, B, and E are the toxins most often responsible for disease in humans, while types C and D only cause disease in other an ...
Botulinum toxin as a bioterrorist weapon.
... proteins that may influence immunogenicity/reactivity of vaccine Formaldehyde used to inactivate toxin; residual amounts used to prevent reactivation of toxin, but formaldehyde is reactogenic ...
... proteins that may influence immunogenicity/reactivity of vaccine Formaldehyde used to inactivate toxin; residual amounts used to prevent reactivation of toxin, but formaldehyde is reactogenic ...
Chapter 19 - eacfaculty.org
... toxin but does not counteract that which is already bound • Control infection with penicillin or tetracycline • Vaccine available; booster needed every 10 years ...
... toxin but does not counteract that which is already bound • Control infection with penicillin or tetracycline • Vaccine available; booster needed every 10 years ...
Closteridium
... often-deadly diseases. Clostridium tetani is the etiological agent of tetanus, Clostridium botulinum is the etiological agent of botulism, and Clostridium perfringens is one of the etiological agents of gas gangrene. ...
... often-deadly diseases. Clostridium tetani is the etiological agent of tetanus, Clostridium botulinum is the etiological agent of botulism, and Clostridium perfringens is one of the etiological agents of gas gangrene. ...
anaerobes_Yin
... Secondary peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscesses begin with the entry of gastrointestinal flora into the sterile peritoneal cavity, through a defect in the wall of the intestines (perforation) as a result of obstruction, infarction, direct trauma (gunshot wound, surgery) or inflammatory processes ...
... Secondary peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscesses begin with the entry of gastrointestinal flora into the sterile peritoneal cavity, through a defect in the wall of the intestines (perforation) as a result of obstruction, infarction, direct trauma (gunshot wound, surgery) or inflammatory processes ...
Digitised by the University of Pretoria, Library Services, 2013
... toxic botulinus cultures and killed a few hours later did not develop any toxin of the botulinus type in their carcases when allowed to decompose. ln a short article on the isolation of the C typea the writer (1927) described the technique employed by him. ...
... toxic botulinus cultures and killed a few hours later did not develop any toxin of the botulinus type in their carcases when allowed to decompose. ln a short article on the isolation of the C typea the writer (1927) described the technique employed by him. ...
International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological
... with the eyes and face and moving to the throat, chest, and extremities. When paralysis reaches the chest, death results due insufficient oxygen unless the patient is ventilated. The early symptoms include nausea , vomiting , fatigue , double vision , dry skin ,mouth and throat , dropping eyelids , ...
... with the eyes and face and moving to the throat, chest, and extremities. When paralysis reaches the chest, death results due insufficient oxygen unless the patient is ventilated. The early symptoms include nausea , vomiting , fatigue , double vision , dry skin ,mouth and throat , dropping eyelids , ...
C. botulinum
... difficulty, bulbar paralysis, constipation, and abdominal pain. Bilateral descending weakness of peripheral muscle. Death occurs from respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest. No fever. Mortality is high. Recovery may need months to years. Patients who recover do not develop antitoxin. ...
... difficulty, bulbar paralysis, constipation, and abdominal pain. Bilateral descending weakness of peripheral muscle. Death occurs from respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest. No fever. Mortality is high. Recovery may need months to years. Patients who recover do not develop antitoxin. ...
Spore Forming and Non-Spore Forming Gram
... on blood agar. C perfringens typically produce multiple zones of haemolysis around colonies. ...
... on blood agar. C perfringens typically produce multiple zones of haemolysis around colonies. ...
Botulism - San Francisco Bay Area Advanced Practice Center
... mainly Clostridium botulinum. Clinical forms of the disease include foodborne, inhalational, wound, infant, adult intestinal toxemia, and iatrogenic. C. botulinum is a gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus naturally found in soil and aquatic sediments. There are seven types of th ...
... mainly Clostridium botulinum. Clinical forms of the disease include foodborne, inhalational, wound, infant, adult intestinal toxemia, and iatrogenic. C. botulinum is a gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus naturally found in soil and aquatic sediments. There are seven types of th ...
Bacteroides and Clostridium
... difficulty, bulbar paralysis, constipation, and abdominal pain. Bilateral descending weakness of peripheral muscle. Death occurs from respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest. No fever. Mortality is high. Recovery may need months to years. Patients who recover do not develop antitoxin. ...
... difficulty, bulbar paralysis, constipation, and abdominal pain. Bilateral descending weakness of peripheral muscle. Death occurs from respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest. No fever. Mortality is high. Recovery may need months to years. Patients who recover do not develop antitoxin. ...
Feb 02 1-60 copy
... The consumption of as little as 0.1 g of food in which these organisms have grown and produced neurotoxin can result in illness. Initial symptoms of food-borne botulism may include impaired vision, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting and slight diarrhoea followed by constipation and intestinal pain. The sym ...
... The consumption of as little as 0.1 g of food in which these organisms have grown and produced neurotoxin can result in illness. Initial symptoms of food-borne botulism may include impaired vision, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting and slight diarrhoea followed by constipation and intestinal pain. The sym ...
Spore Forming and Non-Spore Forming Gram
... intestinal cells by means of D-galactose residues on the bacterial surface which adhere to D-galactose receptors on susceptible intestinal cells The bacterium is taken up by induced phagocytosis, which is thought to be mediated by a membrane associated protein called internalin. Once ingested the ba ...
... intestinal cells by means of D-galactose residues on the bacterial surface which adhere to D-galactose receptors on susceptible intestinal cells The bacterium is taken up by induced phagocytosis, which is thought to be mediated by a membrane associated protein called internalin. Once ingested the ba ...
Botulism
Botulism US /ˈbɒtʃʉlɪzəm/ UK /ˈbɒtjʊlɪzəm/ (Latin, botulus, a sausage) is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The disease begins with weakness, trouble seeing, feeling tired, and trouble speaking. This may then be followed by weakness of the arms, chest muscles, and legs. The disease does not usually affect consciousness or cause a fever.Botulism can occur in a few different ways. The bacterial spores that cause it are common in both soil and water. They produce botulinum toxin when exposed to low oxygen levels and certain temperatures. Foodborne botulism happens when food containing the toxin is eaten. Infant botulism happens when the bacteria develops in the intestines and releases toxin. Typically this only happens in children less than six months of age as after that protective mechanisms develop. Wound botulism is found most often among those who inject street drugs. In this situation spores enter a wound and, in the absence of oxygen, release toxin. It is not passed directly between people. The diagnosis is confirmed by finding the toxin or bacteria in the person in question.Prevention is primarily by proper food preparation. The toxin, though not the organism, is destroyed by heating to more than 85 °C (185 °F) for longer than 5 minutes. Honey can contain the organism, and for this reason honey should not be fed to children of under 12 months. Treatment is with an antitoxin. In those who lose their ability to breathe on their own, mechanical ventilation, potentially for months may be required. Antibiotics may be used for wound botulism. Death occurs in 5 to 10% of people. Botulism can affect many other animals.