PDF
... Totally 173 L. sativus L. genotypes were used as a plant material those of which 92 genotypes were collected from the natural habitat of Antalya by BATEM (Western Mediterranean Agricultural Research Centre); of 10 genotypes were by Ministry of Agriculture of Yemen; of 4 genotypes were by GAP Interna ...
... Totally 173 L. sativus L. genotypes were used as a plant material those of which 92 genotypes were collected from the natural habitat of Antalya by BATEM (Western Mediterranean Agricultural Research Centre); of 10 genotypes were by Ministry of Agriculture of Yemen; of 4 genotypes were by GAP Interna ...
chemical and isotopic evidence for the in situ origin of marine humic
... similar carbon and hydrogen content, but the former generally contain more sulfur and nitrogen. 8% values of marine humic acid indicate that the sulfur is introduced into the organic matter as hydrogen sulfide produced by sulfate reduction. Marine humates have a rather constant ?j13Cvalue of -20 to ...
... similar carbon and hydrogen content, but the former generally contain more sulfur and nitrogen. 8% values of marine humic acid indicate that the sulfur is introduced into the organic matter as hydrogen sulfide produced by sulfate reduction. Marine humates have a rather constant ?j13Cvalue of -20 to ...
Carbon conversion efficiency and central - Shachar
... metabolic pathways in non-photosynthetic tissues to which oil and protein synthesis pathways were added (Schwender et al., 2006). Incorporation of [U-14C4]malate and [U-14C5]glutamine into starch and cell wall (Figure 2b,c) indicated a gluconeogenic flux that was also included as reversibility of th ...
... metabolic pathways in non-photosynthetic tissues to which oil and protein synthesis pathways were added (Schwender et al., 2006). Incorporation of [U-14C4]malate and [U-14C5]glutamine into starch and cell wall (Figure 2b,c) indicated a gluconeogenic flux that was also included as reversibility of th ...
Cellular Respiration
... • The main energy foods, carbohydrates and fats are reservoirs of electrons associated with hydrogen. Only the barrier of activation energy holds back the flood of electrons to a lower energy state. Without this barrier, a food substance like glucose would combine almost instantaneously with O2. • W ...
... • The main energy foods, carbohydrates and fats are reservoirs of electrons associated with hydrogen. Only the barrier of activation energy holds back the flood of electrons to a lower energy state. Without this barrier, a food substance like glucose would combine almost instantaneously with O2. • W ...
Fructose 6-Phosphate
... enzymes and five coenzymes). If pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, NADH formed in the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ultimately transfers its electrons to O2 through the electron-transport chain in mitochondria. ...
... enzymes and five coenzymes). If pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, NADH formed in the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ultimately transfers its electrons to O2 through the electron-transport chain in mitochondria. ...
Сarbohydrates
... 61. A child is sick, apathetic. A liver size is increased and at the biopsy of liver considerable surplus of glycogen is found out. Concentration of glucose in blood is below norma. What is reason of decreased glucose concentration in blood of this person? Decreased activity of glucose-6-phosphatase ...
... 61. A child is sick, apathetic. A liver size is increased and at the biopsy of liver considerable surplus of glycogen is found out. Concentration of glucose in blood is below norma. What is reason of decreased glucose concentration in blood of this person? Decreased activity of glucose-6-phosphatase ...
Document
... What is an amino acid? Twenty different kinds of amino acids are used by living organisms to produce proteins An amino acid is a molecule containing an amine (-NH2) an acid (-COOH) and a third chemical group (-R) that defines the amino acid. In glycine, the simplest amino acid, R is –H, or a hydrog ...
... What is an amino acid? Twenty different kinds of amino acids are used by living organisms to produce proteins An amino acid is a molecule containing an amine (-NH2) an acid (-COOH) and a third chemical group (-R) that defines the amino acid. In glycine, the simplest amino acid, R is –H, or a hydrog ...
Transcriptome analysis of the TnrA regulon in Bacillus subtilis
... Bacillus subtilis • Bacillus means rod-shaped bacteria. The rod in the gut was Bacillus coli and the rod found in rotting hay was Bacillus subtilis • Louis Pasteur used heat-attenuated Bacillus anthracis as the first anti-bacterial vaccine • Subtilis means: highly sensitive – weak – mild (subtle) • ...
... Bacillus subtilis • Bacillus means rod-shaped bacteria. The rod in the gut was Bacillus coli and the rod found in rotting hay was Bacillus subtilis • Louis Pasteur used heat-attenuated Bacillus anthracis as the first anti-bacterial vaccine • Subtilis means: highly sensitive – weak – mild (subtle) • ...
biochemistry-lect-4-n-34-amino-acid-and-peptides
... vitamins and biologically important amines like histamine. 3. Peptides have many important biological functions. Some of them are hormones. They are used as anti-biotics and antitumor agents. 4. Some peptides are required for detoxification reactions. Some peptides serve as neurotransmitters. 5. Ami ...
... vitamins and biologically important amines like histamine. 3. Peptides have many important biological functions. Some of them are hormones. They are used as anti-biotics and antitumor agents. 4. Some peptides are required for detoxification reactions. Some peptides serve as neurotransmitters. 5. Ami ...
a
... The most abundant dietary lipids, triglycerides, are found in both animal and plant foods Essential fatty acids – linoleic and linolenic acid, found in most vegetables, must be ingested Dietary fats: ...
... The most abundant dietary lipids, triglycerides, are found in both animal and plant foods Essential fatty acids – linoleic and linolenic acid, found in most vegetables, must be ingested Dietary fats: ...
AMINO ACID METABOLISM
... TCA cycle or acetyl Co A. During fasting these carbons are converted to glucose in the liver and kidney, or to ketone bodies in the liver. In the well fed state, they may be used for lipogenesis. F. Amino acid nitrogen forms ammonia, which is toxic. G. The liver is the major site of amino acid metab ...
... TCA cycle or acetyl Co A. During fasting these carbons are converted to glucose in the liver and kidney, or to ketone bodies in the liver. In the well fed state, they may be used for lipogenesis. F. Amino acid nitrogen forms ammonia, which is toxic. G. The liver is the major site of amino acid metab ...
Diagnosis and Rectification of Arrested Fermentations
... cytoplasm. Ethanol leads to increased passive proton flux into the cells. At high ethanol concentrations the ability of the cell to extrude protons may reach its maximal capacity. The only means available to the cell to maintain viability is to turn off unnecessary proton entry, such as by inactivat ...
... cytoplasm. Ethanol leads to increased passive proton flux into the cells. At high ethanol concentrations the ability of the cell to extrude protons may reach its maximal capacity. The only means available to the cell to maintain viability is to turn off unnecessary proton entry, such as by inactivat ...
126 EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET-B IRRADIATION ON FATTY ACIDS
... the fatty acids composition of microalgae (e.g. Wang & Chai, 1994 and Odmark et al., 1998) and those that have been published are seemingly contradictory. The extant literature on the subject includes: some studies reporting an overall increase in SFA (saturated fatty acids) and MUFA (monounsaturate ...
... the fatty acids composition of microalgae (e.g. Wang & Chai, 1994 and Odmark et al., 1998) and those that have been published are seemingly contradictory. The extant literature on the subject includes: some studies reporting an overall increase in SFA (saturated fatty acids) and MUFA (monounsaturate ...
The pool of ADP and ATP regulates anaerobic
... lactis 65.1 because of the presence of oligopeptides. Maltose or glucose was added to the SD3 medium at a level of 10 g/liter unless indicated otherwise. Maltose, glucose, and MgSO4 䡠 7H2O were autoclaved separately. Solutions of nucleic acid bases, trace elements, and vitamins were filter sterilize ...
... lactis 65.1 because of the presence of oligopeptides. Maltose or glucose was added to the SD3 medium at a level of 10 g/liter unless indicated otherwise. Maltose, glucose, and MgSO4 䡠 7H2O were autoclaved separately. Solutions of nucleic acid bases, trace elements, and vitamins were filter sterilize ...
Free Amino Acids Content of Honeys from Poland Katarzyna
... al., 2004; Kędzia & Hołderna-Kędzia, 2008]. However this tendency was not observed in the samples analysed in our study. Our results showed that the mean content of free amino acids in honeydew honey (398.41 mg/kg) was lower than in the group of buckwheat (633.5 mg/kg), goldenrod (425.93 mg/k ...
... al., 2004; Kędzia & Hołderna-Kędzia, 2008]. However this tendency was not observed in the samples analysed in our study. Our results showed that the mean content of free amino acids in honeydew honey (398.41 mg/kg) was lower than in the group of buckwheat (633.5 mg/kg), goldenrod (425.93 mg/k ...
digestion of carbohydrates - KSU Faculty Member websites
... concentration of AMP , which signal that the cell’s energy stores are depleted . 4- Fructose 2 , 6 –bis-phosphate is the most potent activator of PEK the reciprocal actions of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis ensure that both pathways are not fully active at the same time ...
... concentration of AMP , which signal that the cell’s energy stores are depleted . 4- Fructose 2 , 6 –bis-phosphate is the most potent activator of PEK the reciprocal actions of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis ensure that both pathways are not fully active at the same time ...
Campbell`s Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration
... 4) Why does the oxidation of organic compounds by molecular oxygen to produce CO2 and water release free energy? A) The covalent bonds in organic molecules and molecular oxygen have more kinetic energy than the covalent bonds in water and carbon dioxide. B) Electrons are being moved from atoms that ...
... 4) Why does the oxidation of organic compounds by molecular oxygen to produce CO2 and water release free energy? A) The covalent bonds in organic molecules and molecular oxygen have more kinetic energy than the covalent bonds in water and carbon dioxide. B) Electrons are being moved from atoms that ...
File
... A) Two molecules of pyruvate are each converted into two-carbon molecules joined to a coenzyme A molecule. B) Each pyruvate loses a carbon atom, which is released as CO2. C) Two pyruvate molecules together contain less chemical energy than was found in the original glucose molecule. D) Each pyruvate ...
... A) Two molecules of pyruvate are each converted into two-carbon molecules joined to a coenzyme A molecule. B) Each pyruvate loses a carbon atom, which is released as CO2. C) Two pyruvate molecules together contain less chemical energy than was found in the original glucose molecule. D) Each pyruvate ...
File
... A) Two molecules of pyruvate are each converted into two-carbon molecules joined to a coenzyme A molecule. B) Each pyruvate loses a carbon atom, which is released as CO2. C) Two pyruvate molecules together contain less chemical energy than was found in the original glucose molecule. D) Each pyruvate ...
... A) Two molecules of pyruvate are each converted into two-carbon molecules joined to a coenzyme A molecule. B) Each pyruvate loses a carbon atom, which is released as CO2. C) Two pyruvate molecules together contain less chemical energy than was found in the original glucose molecule. D) Each pyruvate ...
Fermentative hydrogen production from glucose and starch using
... the highest H2 yield (Table 2), despite the fact that lactate is the most unfavourable by-product, since it drains away electrons required for H2 production [35]. On one hand it was suggested that the activation of lactate production could be an additional catabolic pathway, enabling the bacterium t ...
... the highest H2 yield (Table 2), despite the fact that lactate is the most unfavourable by-product, since it drains away electrons required for H2 production [35]. On one hand it was suggested that the activation of lactate production could be an additional catabolic pathway, enabling the bacterium t ...
Syllabus: Fall 2016 – BCHM/HORT 640 Course Name: Plant
... This assignment will be worth 40 points. ________________________________________________ HORT640: Lecture 12, Week 6 Lecture title: Carbohydrate metabolism; sucrose and starch synthesis (Rhodes) Date: September 29, 2016 Objectives: This Lecture will focus on carbohydrate metabolism with special ref ...
... This assignment will be worth 40 points. ________________________________________________ HORT640: Lecture 12, Week 6 Lecture title: Carbohydrate metabolism; sucrose and starch synthesis (Rhodes) Date: September 29, 2016 Objectives: This Lecture will focus on carbohydrate metabolism with special ref ...
University of Groningen Fructosyltransferases of Lactobacillus
... Carbohydrates are widely distributed on Earth, occur in many different forms, and are present in a wide variety of substances and materials. Carbohydrates play a crucial role in photosynthesis, which is the process in which the sun’s energy is converted into chemical energy. During this process carb ...
... Carbohydrates are widely distributed on Earth, occur in many different forms, and are present in a wide variety of substances and materials. Carbohydrates play a crucial role in photosynthesis, which is the process in which the sun’s energy is converted into chemical energy. During this process carb ...
Article Evolution of a Genome-Encoded Bias in Amino Acid
... been created, but they are too detailed to be tractable within our larger model of regulation (Gromadski and Rodnina 2004; Elf and Ehrenberg 2005; Gilchrist and Wagner 2006; Fluitt et al. 2007; Shah and Gilchrist 2010; Brackley et al. 2011, 2012). Here, we consider a somewhat simpler approach. Trans ...
... been created, but they are too detailed to be tractable within our larger model of regulation (Gromadski and Rodnina 2004; Elf and Ehrenberg 2005; Gilchrist and Wagner 2006; Fluitt et al. 2007; Shah and Gilchrist 2010; Brackley et al. 2011, 2012). Here, we consider a somewhat simpler approach. Trans ...
Protein Sequences in the CAS Registry File on
... These codes are used for displaying or searching protein sequences with chain lengths of four or more. Dipeptides and tripeptides are also included in REGISTRY, but may be searched only by name or structure and not by sequence representation. For common amino acids, either one-letter or threeletter ...
... These codes are used for displaying or searching protein sequences with chain lengths of four or more. Dipeptides and tripeptides are also included in REGISTRY, but may be searched only by name or structure and not by sequence representation. For common amino acids, either one-letter or threeletter ...
Butyric acid
Butyric acid (from Greek βούτῡρον, meaning ""butter""), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, abbreviated BTA, is a carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. Butyric acid is found in milk, especially goat, sheep and buffalo milk, butter, parmesan cheese, and as a product of anaerobic fermentation (including in the colon and as body odor). It has an unpleasant smell and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). It can be detected by mammals with good scent detection abilities (such as dogs) at 10 parts per billion, whereas humans can detect it in concentrations above 10 parts per million.Butyric acid is present in, and is the main distinctive smell of, human vomit.Butyric acid was first observed (in impure form) in 1814 by the French chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul. By 1818, he had purified it sufficiently to characterize it. The name of butyric acid comes from the Latin word for butter, butyrum (or buturum), the substance in which butyric acid was first found.