Nonabelions in the fractional quantum hall effect
... resistance, is observed in two-dimensional electron gases in high magnetic fields only when the mobile charged excitations have a gap in their excitation spectrum, so the system is incompressible (in the absence of disorder). Therefore the theory of the F Q H E begins with the search for ground stat ...
... resistance, is observed in two-dimensional electron gases in high magnetic fields only when the mobile charged excitations have a gap in their excitation spectrum, so the system is incompressible (in the absence of disorder). Therefore the theory of the F Q H E begins with the search for ground stat ...
Quantum annealing with manufactured spins
... then coupled that particle to a thermal bath. The dynamics was simulated by numerically solving the Langevin equation, as described in Supplementary Information. The classically simulated tfreeze value varies linearly with T, as expected. The other two simulations involved solving a quantum mechanic ...
... then coupled that particle to a thermal bath. The dynamics was simulated by numerically solving the Langevin equation, as described in Supplementary Information. The classically simulated tfreeze value varies linearly with T, as expected. The other two simulations involved solving a quantum mechanic ...
PowerPoint
... discrepancy between the two data sets : likely due to error in neutron detection efficiency ...
... discrepancy between the two data sets : likely due to error in neutron detection efficiency ...
GaAs quantum structures: Comparison between direct
... L ~note that in the ^ 110& directions 1 GaAs ML . 2.0 Å!. In the ‘‘exact’’ pseudopotential calculation the VBM of the quantum film is a zero-confinement state,8,14 whose energy is almost independent of the film thickness L. The conductionband minimum originates from the X 1c valley for L,8 ML’s, whi ...
... L ~note that in the ^ 110& directions 1 GaAs ML . 2.0 Å!. In the ‘‘exact’’ pseudopotential calculation the VBM of the quantum film is a zero-confinement state,8,14 whose energy is almost independent of the film thickness L. The conductionband minimum originates from the X 1c valley for L,8 ML’s, whi ...
Complementarity in Quantum Mechanics and Classical Statistical
... classical object as a photographic plate) radically affects its initial state, e.g.: electron is forced to localize in a very narrow region (the spot). In this case, a single measuring process is useless to reveal the wave properties of its previous quantum state. To rebuild the wave function Ψ (up ...
... classical object as a photographic plate) radically affects its initial state, e.g.: electron is forced to localize in a very narrow region (the spot). In this case, a single measuring process is useless to reveal the wave properties of its previous quantum state. To rebuild the wave function Ψ (up ...
ןב תטיסרבינוא - בגנב ןוירוג
... 1.1 Scalable physical system with well characterized qubits. Scalability is important, since any practical computer needs a large number of qubits. The meaning of the term “well characterized” is harder to define exactly. It includes: ...
... 1.1 Scalable physical system with well characterized qubits. Scalability is important, since any practical computer needs a large number of qubits. The meaning of the term “well characterized” is harder to define exactly. It includes: ...
Ab Initio correlated all electron Dirac
... in a basis set optimization procedure, it means that one should find a set with the smallest number of exponents that represents the inner core electrons very well, and that obeys both the kinetic balance and the minimax theorem. The basis set developed and used in this work takes into account all t ...
... in a basis set optimization procedure, it means that one should find a set with the smallest number of exponents that represents the inner core electrons very well, and that obeys both the kinetic balance and the minimax theorem. The basis set developed and used in this work takes into account all t ...
Singlet-triplet spin blockade and charge sensing in a few
... Figure 3 shows the charge sensor data GS2 vs V2 and V6, acquired simultaneously with each panel in Fig. 2. A plane is subtracted from each data set to remove direct coupling between the gates and the QPC, leaving only the effect of the average dot occupations. Away from the bias triangles we see pla ...
... Figure 3 shows the charge sensor data GS2 vs V2 and V6, acquired simultaneously with each panel in Fig. 2. A plane is subtracted from each data set to remove direct coupling between the gates and the QPC, leaving only the effect of the average dot occupations. Away from the bias triangles we see pla ...
Explained answers - Admissions Testing Service
... Reaction 1 is a redox reaction because there are changes in oxidation states (ionic charges): the oxidation state of copper changes from +2 to 0 (Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu [reduction]), and zinc changes from 0 to +2 (Zn → Zn2+ + 2e– [oxidation]). Reaction 2 is not a redox reaction because there is no electron ...
... Reaction 1 is a redox reaction because there are changes in oxidation states (ionic charges): the oxidation state of copper changes from +2 to 0 (Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu [reduction]), and zinc changes from 0 to +2 (Zn → Zn2+ + 2e– [oxidation]). Reaction 2 is not a redox reaction because there is no electron ...
Quantum networking with single ions J¨ urgen Eschner
... A quantum network [17], as schematically depicted in Fig. 1, is a comprehensive vision that integrates local processing of quantum information with its communication over macroscopic distances. In this context, single ions (or chains of ions) are natural and promising implementations of stationary q ...
... A quantum network [17], as schematically depicted in Fig. 1, is a comprehensive vision that integrates local processing of quantum information with its communication over macroscopic distances. In this context, single ions (or chains of ions) are natural and promising implementations of stationary q ...
Why were Matrix Mechanics and Wave
... misconception that both empirical and mathematical equivalence (i.e., the isomorphism of the mathematical structures of the two theories) were successfully demonstrated, and that only later developments in the early 1930s, especially the work of von Neumann (1932), provided sound proof of the mathem ...
... misconception that both empirical and mathematical equivalence (i.e., the isomorphism of the mathematical structures of the two theories) were successfully demonstrated, and that only later developments in the early 1930s, especially the work of von Neumann (1932), provided sound proof of the mathem ...
CHAPTER 23 THE TRANSITION ELEMENTS AND THEIR
... are filled, electrons are paired and the ion is diamagnetic. c) The d orbitals in the transition element ions are not filled, which allows an electron from a lower energy d orbital to move to a higher energy d orbital. The energy required for this transition is relatively small and falls in the visi ...
... are filled, electrons are paired and the ion is diamagnetic. c) The d orbitals in the transition element ions are not filled, which allows an electron from a lower energy d orbital to move to a higher energy d orbital. The energy required for this transition is relatively small and falls in the visi ...
Two-dimensional C/BN core/shell structures
... with kinetic energy cutoff of 500 eV is used. All structures are treated within the supercell geometry; the lattice constants, as well as the positions of all atoms in the supercell are optimized by using the conjugate gradient method, where the total energy and atomic forces are minimized.27 The co ...
... with kinetic energy cutoff of 500 eV is used. All structures are treated within the supercell geometry; the lattice constants, as well as the positions of all atoms in the supercell are optimized by using the conjugate gradient method, where the total energy and atomic forces are minimized.27 The co ...
Maximum Probability Domains for Hubbard Models
... there exist multiple ways to extract them from a wave function, in the best case using well argued but nonetheless biased approaches. In the present work we discuss a method that does not introduce the concept of Lewis structures into quantum mechanics but rather lets them — when applicable — emanat ...
... there exist multiple ways to extract them from a wave function, in the best case using well argued but nonetheless biased approaches. In the present work we discuss a method that does not introduce the concept of Lewis structures into quantum mechanics but rather lets them — when applicable — emanat ...
Two-orbital SU(N) magnetism with ultracold alkaline-earth
... ρα (r) = m ραm (r). The term Vα (r) describes the external trapping potential, which we will assume to be an optical lattice independent of the nuclear spin: even for a relatively deep lattice with a 100 kHz trap frequency, tensor and vector light shifts should be well below 1 Hz (ref. 1). h̄ω0 is t ...
... ρα (r) = m ραm (r). The term Vα (r) describes the external trapping potential, which we will assume to be an optical lattice independent of the nuclear spin: even for a relatively deep lattice with a 100 kHz trap frequency, tensor and vector light shifts should be well below 1 Hz (ref. 1). h̄ω0 is t ...
Nonlinear Quantum Optics in a Waveguide: Distinct Single Photons Strongly
... Figure 3(d) shows the instantaneous intensities for transmitted and reflected signals and the occupational probability (hbb i) of state jbi as a function of time calculated for different ab . The transient response of this system is characterized by the two atom-field coupling strengths: the a ...
... Figure 3(d) shows the instantaneous intensities for transmitted and reflected signals and the occupational probability (hbb i) of state jbi as a function of time calculated for different ab . The transient response of this system is characterized by the two atom-field coupling strengths: the a ...
Bohr model
In atomic physics, the Rutherford–Bohr model or Bohr model, introduced by Niels Bohr in 1913, depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus—similar in structure to the solar system, but with attraction provided by electrostatic forces rather than gravity. After the cubic model (1902), the plum-pudding model (1904), the Saturnian model (1904), and the Rutherford model (1911) came the Rutherford–Bohr model or just Bohr model for short (1913). The improvement to the Rutherford model is mostly a quantum physical interpretation of it. The Bohr model has been superseded, but the quantum theory remains sound.The model's key success lay in explaining the Rydberg formula for the spectral emission lines of atomic hydrogen. While the Rydberg formula had been known experimentally, it did not gain a theoretical underpinning until the Bohr model was introduced. Not only did the Bohr model explain the reason for the structure of the Rydberg formula, it also provided a justification for its empirical results in terms of fundamental physical constants.The Bohr model is a relatively primitive model of the hydrogen atom, compared to the valence shell atom. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using the broader and much more accurate quantum mechanics and thus may be considered to be an obsolete scientific theory. However, because of its simplicity, and its correct results for selected systems (see below for application), the Bohr model is still commonly taught to introduce students to quantum mechanics or energy level diagrams before moving on to the more accurate, but more complex, valence shell atom. A related model was originally proposed by Arthur Erich Haas in 1910, but was rejected. The quantum theory of the period between Planck's discovery of the quantum (1900) and the advent of a full-blown quantum mechanics (1925) is often referred to as the old quantum theory.