A biomaterials approach to peripheral nerve regeneration: bridging
... graft itself, increasing the healing time [16]. Similarly in recent studies, it has been shown that sensory and motor neurons have different Schwann cell (SC) modalities and if placed in the incorrect microenvironment, may limit their regenerative ability [17]. Autograft use is currently limited to ...
... graft itself, increasing the healing time [16]. Similarly in recent studies, it has been shown that sensory and motor neurons have different Schwann cell (SC) modalities and if placed in the incorrect microenvironment, may limit their regenerative ability [17]. Autograft use is currently limited to ...
A Novel Functionally Distinct Subtype of Striatal Neuropeptide Y
... We investigated the properties of neostriatal neuropeptide Y (NPY)-expressing interneurons in transgenic GFP (green fluorescent protein)-NPY reporter mice. In vitro whole-cell recordings and biocytin staining demonstrated the existence of a novel class of neostriatal NPY-expressing GABAergic interne ...
... We investigated the properties of neostriatal neuropeptide Y (NPY)-expressing interneurons in transgenic GFP (green fluorescent protein)-NPY reporter mice. In vitro whole-cell recordings and biocytin staining demonstrated the existence of a novel class of neostriatal NPY-expressing GABAergic interne ...
Intracellular control of developmental and regenerative axon growth
... heavily studied as extracellular factors that stimulate axon growth. Downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases, recent studies have suggested that phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) regulates local assembly of axonal cytoskeleton, especially microtubules, via glycogen synthase kinase 3b (GSK-3b) and ...
... heavily studied as extracellular factors that stimulate axon growth. Downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases, recent studies have suggested that phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) regulates local assembly of axonal cytoskeleton, especially microtubules, via glycogen synthase kinase 3b (GSK-3b) and ...
Selective Loss of Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide
... numbers of immunoreactive substance P and calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cell bodies were estimated in diabetic and nondiabetic BALB/C (p75ⴙ/ⴙ) and p75 receptor knockout (p75ⴚ/ⴚ) mice with unilateral sciatic nerve crush. The total numbers of immunoreactive substanc ...
... numbers of immunoreactive substance P and calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cell bodies were estimated in diabetic and nondiabetic BALB/C (p75ⴙ/ⴙ) and p75 receptor knockout (p75ⴚ/ⴚ) mice with unilateral sciatic nerve crush. The total numbers of immunoreactive substanc ...
Effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on motoneuron survival
... neurons and the proprioceptive neurons of the me sencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Davies and Lindsay, 1985), also show a marked survival response to CNTF (Table 1). The survival effect of CNTF on chick dorsal root sensory neurons is restricted to the time period after E8 (Barbin et al. 1984). However ...
... neurons and the proprioceptive neurons of the me sencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Davies and Lindsay, 1985), also show a marked survival response to CNTF (Table 1). The survival effect of CNTF on chick dorsal root sensory neurons is restricted to the time period after E8 (Barbin et al. 1984). However ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroscience
... shown that ␣-synuclein (␣-syn) also accumulates in the brains of patients with AD and interacts with A and tau, forming toxic hetero-oligomers. Although the involvement of ␣-syn has been investigated extensively in Lewy body disease, less is known about the role of this synaptic protein in AD. Here ...
... shown that ␣-synuclein (␣-syn) also accumulates in the brains of patients with AD and interacts with A and tau, forming toxic hetero-oligomers. Although the involvement of ␣-syn has been investigated extensively in Lewy body disease, less is known about the role of this synaptic protein in AD. Here ...
Synthesis and Localization of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in the
... CNTF mRNA was also detectable in a short segment proximal to the lesion site (Fig. 1 B). Western blots performed in parallel (Fig. 1 C) did not reveal marked quantitative changes in CNTF protein until 24 h after lesion. Distal regions of the sciatic nerve contained lower levels of CNTF immunoreactiv ...
... CNTF mRNA was also detectable in a short segment proximal to the lesion site (Fig. 1 B). Western blots performed in parallel (Fig. 1 C) did not reveal marked quantitative changes in CNTF protein until 24 h after lesion. Distal regions of the sciatic nerve contained lower levels of CNTF immunoreactiv ...
... In order to determine the role of NTs/NTRs in the neurodegenerative mechanisms associated to prion diseases pathogenesis, the BoTg 110, a murine model of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), which overexpresses the bovine prion cellular protein, was subjected to an intracerebral inoculation with ...
PDF
... growth and branching of their axons in the tissues they innervate is regulated by the supply of nerve growth factor (NGF) produced by these tissues. NGF is derived by proteolytic cleavage of a large precursor protein, proNGF, which is recognised to possess distinctive biological functions. Here, we ...
... growth and branching of their axons in the tissues they innervate is regulated by the supply of nerve growth factor (NGF) produced by these tissues. NGF is derived by proteolytic cleavage of a large precursor protein, proNGF, which is recognised to possess distinctive biological functions. Here, we ...
Immunohistochemical Study of Spinal Motor Neurons Following
... preventing cell death after two months. Axotomy causes disturbance in intra-axonal and retrograde transportation of nerve growth factors from target organ to somata of motor neurons. Absence of neurotrophic factor induces some degenerative changes and perhaps neuronal death of motor neurons (33). Ma ...
... preventing cell death after two months. Axotomy causes disturbance in intra-axonal and retrograde transportation of nerve growth factors from target organ to somata of motor neurons. Absence of neurotrophic factor induces some degenerative changes and perhaps neuronal death of motor neurons (33). Ma ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Sympathetic Remodeling and Arrhythmias
... denervation including Chagas disease, diabetic neuropathy, and myocardial infarction 84, 87, 88. Restoring adrenergic transmission in Chagas animals with NE infusion ...
... denervation including Chagas disease, diabetic neuropathy, and myocardial infarction 84, 87, 88. Restoring adrenergic transmission in Chagas animals with NE infusion ...
The Glial Cell–Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling Pathway
... sure et al., 1999; Rosenblad et al., 2000). The three-dimensional structure of GDNF has been determined at high resolution (Eigenbrot and Gerber, 1997). This structural information has made it possible to identify the surface residues in GDNF that are responsible for mediating interactions with GFR ...
... sure et al., 1999; Rosenblad et al., 2000). The three-dimensional structure of GDNF has been determined at high resolution (Eigenbrot and Gerber, 1997). This structural information has made it possible to identify the surface residues in GDNF that are responsible for mediating interactions with GFR ...
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Trk Receptor Activation in Epilepsy
... Devin K. Binder Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine ...
... Devin K. Binder Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine ...
Expression of the BDNF gene in the developing
... of this recovery standard (typically, 1 pg per mg tissue) was added to the tissue to be analysed and, after RNA extraction, RT-PCR was carried out for only 17 cycles to avoid the problem of primer competition between endogenous mRNA and standard, as well as heteroduplex formation. This allows only o ...
... of this recovery standard (typically, 1 pg per mg tissue) was added to the tissue to be analysed and, after RNA extraction, RT-PCR was carried out for only 17 cycles to avoid the problem of primer competition between endogenous mRNA and standard, as well as heteroduplex formation. This allows only o ...
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Molecular Switches Regulating CNS
... Growth factors that act both on neurons and glia, mediate a variety of physiological functions from early embryonic to the adult state, including synaptic plasticity, cell survival, and death in the CNS [6–10]. Hence, trophic factors and their corresponding receptor-mediated signalling pathways invo ...
... Growth factors that act both on neurons and glia, mediate a variety of physiological functions from early embryonic to the adult state, including synaptic plasticity, cell survival, and death in the CNS [6–10]. Hence, trophic factors and their corresponding receptor-mediated signalling pathways invo ...
neuronal types and their specification dynamics in
... In the presence of an external or internal stressor, the sympathetic system generates the ”fight-or-flight” response, which prepares the body to either face the stressor or flee from it. Once the stressor is removed, the parasympathetic nervous system restores the homeostasis by bringing the body to ...
... In the presence of an external or internal stressor, the sympathetic system generates the ”fight-or-flight” response, which prepares the body to either face the stressor or flee from it. Once the stressor is removed, the parasympathetic nervous system restores the homeostasis by bringing the body to ...
6.3. La supervivencia de las motoneuronas espinales de pollo mantenidas
... survival of different neuronal populations, including spinal cord motoneurons. These factors signal via multicomponent receptors that consist of the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase plus a member of the GDNF family receptor ␣ (GRF␣) family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked coreceptors. Activation o ...
... survival of different neuronal populations, including spinal cord motoneurons. These factors signal via multicomponent receptors that consist of the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase plus a member of the GDNF family receptor ␣ (GRF␣) family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked coreceptors. Activation o ...
Molecular and morphological analyses of basal forebrain
... Since BFCNs are essential for memory and cognitive function, exogenous application of factors that regulate BFCN development may prove useful in generating BFCNs from pluripotent stem cells or by promoting their viability and physiological function in brain regions affected by AD. In support of the ...
... Since BFCNs are essential for memory and cognitive function, exogenous application of factors that regulate BFCN development may prove useful in generating BFCNs from pluripotent stem cells or by promoting their viability and physiological function in brain regions affected by AD. In support of the ...
Introduction
... these postmitotic cells.9, 11 XIAP is a member of a family of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) that have been shown to regulate caspases by directly binding to and inhibiting their function.12 Whereas cytosolic microinjection of cytochrome c is insufficient to induce apoptosis in wildtype neu ...
... these postmitotic cells.9, 11 XIAP is a member of a family of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) that have been shown to regulate caspases by directly binding to and inhibiting their function.12 Whereas cytosolic microinjection of cytochrome c is insufficient to induce apoptosis in wildtype neu ...
THE YIN AND YANG OF NEUROTROPHIN ACTION
... mature domain, what is the role of the pro-domain in secretion? The results of recent experiments indicate that the interaction of the pro-domain of BDNF with sortilin BOX 1, a receptor that is localized mainly intracellularly34,35, controls the mode of BDNF secretion36. Sortilin is co-localized w ...
... mature domain, what is the role of the pro-domain in secretion? The results of recent experiments indicate that the interaction of the pro-domain of BDNF with sortilin BOX 1, a receptor that is localized mainly intracellularly34,35, controls the mode of BDNF secretion36. Sortilin is co-localized w ...
- ORCA - Cardiff University
... by decades of research on nerve growth factor (NGF) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Recent discoveries now help to understand why only some developing neurons selectively depend on NGF. They also indicate that the survival of most neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is not simply reg ...
... by decades of research on nerve growth factor (NGF) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Recent discoveries now help to understand why only some developing neurons selectively depend on NGF. They also indicate that the survival of most neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is not simply reg ...
B-RAF kinase drives developmental axon growth and
... the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/3.0/). ...
... the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/3.0/). ...
Death of developing neurons: New insights and implications for
... 1991). Both the remarkable expression pattern of TrkA in NGFdependent neurons and the onset of its expression during development (Martin-Zanca et al., 1990) provided further additional support for the neurotrophic theory. However, for a surprisingly long time, the question was not asked as to why on ...
... 1991). Both the remarkable expression pattern of TrkA in NGFdependent neurons and the onset of its expression during development (Martin-Zanca et al., 1990) provided further additional support for the neurotrophic theory. However, for a surprisingly long time, the question was not asked as to why on ...
Hrk/DP5 contributes to the apoptosis of select neuronal populations
... Hrk+/– 100, Hrk–/– 60). Their appearance, fertility and behaviour were indistinguishable from control littermates up to 2 years of age. Both Hrk–/– males and females had normal body weights and weight of major organs (liver, lung, heart, thymus, spleen and kidney). Histological analysis of these and ...
... Hrk+/– 100, Hrk–/– 60). Their appearance, fertility and behaviour were indistinguishable from control littermates up to 2 years of age. Both Hrk–/– males and females had normal body weights and weight of major organs (liver, lung, heart, thymus, spleen and kidney). Histological analysis of these and ...
Different neurotrophins are expressed and act in a developmental
... response to BDNF and NT-3 prior to naturally occurring cell death The survival effects of neurotrophins on cultured embryonic trigeminal neurons are clearly observed after 48 hours incubation when virtually all neurons have died in control cultures. Furthermore, since the serum-free medium used in t ...
... response to BDNF and NT-3 prior to naturally occurring cell death The survival effects of neurotrophins on cultured embryonic trigeminal neurons are clearly observed after 48 hours incubation when virtually all neurons have died in control cultures. Furthermore, since the serum-free medium used in t ...