Observation of mesoscopic crystalline structures in a two
... different positions of the Rydberg atom have identical energies and form a Nat -fold degenerate manifold. For multiply excited states (Ne > 1), this degeneracy is lifted by the strong van der Waals interaction, giving rise to a broad energy band (Fig. 1a). Starting from the ground state, the creatio ...
... different positions of the Rydberg atom have identical energies and form a Nat -fold degenerate manifold. For multiply excited states (Ne > 1), this degeneracy is lifted by the strong van der Waals interaction, giving rise to a broad energy band (Fig. 1a). Starting from the ground state, the creatio ...
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... entropy production in such systems when an external driving force is applied to the central region. The time dependence of the external force can be arbitrary or periodic [10,11,13,15]. The long-time limit behaviour of the NE thermodynamics also presents very interesting properties [12–14]. Indeed, ...
... entropy production in such systems when an external driving force is applied to the central region. The time dependence of the external force can be arbitrary or periodic [10,11,13,15]. The long-time limit behaviour of the NE thermodynamics also presents very interesting properties [12–14]. Indeed, ...
CfE Advanced Higher Physics Unit 2: Quanta and Waves
... as the photoelectric effect) could not be explained using classical theory. As we have seen, such phenomena required a theory that included a particle-like description of light. Analysis of Black Body Radiation curves showed us trends that could not be predicted by classical theory. We will see in t ...
... as the photoelectric effect) could not be explained using classical theory. As we have seen, such phenomena required a theory that included a particle-like description of light. Analysis of Black Body Radiation curves showed us trends that could not be predicted by classical theory. We will see in t ...
Homonuclear ionizing collisions of laser-cooled
... 15 eV. As differences between PI and AI are unimportant for the work presented here 共the reaction mechanisms have been discussed in detail in Ref. 关22兴兲, we will not distinguish between them and use the term PI to denote both processes. The interaction that drives the autoionizing transitions of Eqs ...
... 15 eV. As differences between PI and AI are unimportant for the work presented here 共the reaction mechanisms have been discussed in detail in Ref. 关22兴兲, we will not distinguish between them and use the term PI to denote both processes. The interaction that drives the autoionizing transitions of Eqs ...
Quantum Thermodynamics - Open Research Exeter
... a few particles translate into a statistical theory from which new macroscopic quantum thermodynamic laws emerge. This challenge is addressed by the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics which has grown rapidly over the last decade. It is fuelled by recent equilibration experiments [1] in cold at ...
... a few particles translate into a statistical theory from which new macroscopic quantum thermodynamic laws emerge. This challenge is addressed by the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics which has grown rapidly over the last decade. It is fuelled by recent equilibration experiments [1] in cold at ...
experiment iii experiments with an electron beam
... Some kinds of atoms have an arrangement of atomic orbitals that have a high likelihood for collisional excitation of an outer electron to an excited state that lies above the ground state by an energy that is that of a photon of visible light (~1 eV). When a beam electron excites such an atom, the d ...
... Some kinds of atoms have an arrangement of atomic orbitals that have a high likelihood for collisional excitation of an outer electron to an excited state that lies above the ground state by an energy that is that of a photon of visible light (~1 eV). When a beam electron excites such an atom, the d ...
Chap 3 - HCC Learning Web
... obtained from experiment and it is simplest whole number mole ratio of atoms. V: O = 0.250 : 0.375 = (0.250/0.250) : (0.375/0.250) = 1 : 1.5 = 1x2 : 1.5x2 = 2 : 3 ...
... obtained from experiment and it is simplest whole number mole ratio of atoms. V: O = 0.250 : 0.375 = (0.250/0.250) : (0.375/0.250) = 1 : 1.5 = 1x2 : 1.5x2 = 2 : 3 ...
2 CHEMICAL ARITHMATICS W MODULE - 1
... of each kind of atoms present in the molcule (subscript 1 is always omitted). Such a formula is called molecular formula as it represents a molecule of a substance. A molecule of water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. So its molecular formula is written as H2O. Thus a molecular fo ...
... of each kind of atoms present in the molcule (subscript 1 is always omitted). Such a formula is called molecular formula as it represents a molecule of a substance. A molecule of water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. So its molecular formula is written as H2O. Thus a molecular fo ...
Holographic Quantum Error Correcting Codes - Adrian Franco
... The fact that we are considering orthonormal bases goes a little bit further than just mere computational convenience: in quantum mechanics, states which are proportional to each other are considered to be indistinguishable from a physical point of view. In more precise words, the space of different ...
... The fact that we are considering orthonormal bases goes a little bit further than just mere computational convenience: in quantum mechanics, states which are proportional to each other are considered to be indistinguishable from a physical point of view. In more precise words, the space of different ...
Quantum Lambda Calculus - Department of Mathematics and
... Another interesting aspect of higher-order quantum computation is the interplay between classical objects and quantum objects in a higherorder context. A priori, quantum computation operates on two distinct kinds of data: classical data, which can be read, written, duplicated, and discarded as usual ...
... Another interesting aspect of higher-order quantum computation is the interplay between classical objects and quantum objects in a higherorder context. A priori, quantum computation operates on two distinct kinds of data: classical data, which can be read, written, duplicated, and discarded as usual ...
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... exactly computable for any atom and molecule. For D finite, but very large, the electrons are confined to harmonic oscillations about the fixed positions attained in the (D → ∞)-limit. Indeed, in this limit, the electrons of a many-electron system assume fixed positions relative to the nuclei and ea ...
... exactly computable for any atom and molecule. For D finite, but very large, the electrons are confined to harmonic oscillations about the fixed positions attained in the (D → ∞)-limit. Indeed, in this limit, the electrons of a many-electron system assume fixed positions relative to the nuclei and ea ...
Entanglement and its Role in Shor`s Algorithm
... inverse quantum Fourier transform uses controlled rotations (Rm) The last quantum step is the measurement (M), which is followed by classical post-processing to obtain a factor of N . ...
... inverse quantum Fourier transform uses controlled rotations (Rm) The last quantum step is the measurement (M), which is followed by classical post-processing to obtain a factor of N . ...
Hydrogen atom
A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively charged proton and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. Atomic hydrogen constitutes about 75% of the elemental (baryonic) mass of the universe.In everyday life on Earth, isolated hydrogen atoms (usually called ""atomic hydrogen"" or, more precisely, ""monatomic hydrogen"") are extremely rare. Instead, hydrogen tends to combine with other atoms in compounds, or with itself to form ordinary (diatomic) hydrogen gas, H2. ""Atomic hydrogen"" and ""hydrogen atom"" in ordinary English use have overlapping, yet distinct, meanings. For example, a water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms, but does not contain atomic hydrogen (which would refer to isolated hydrogen atoms).