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Artificial atoms
Artificial atoms

... In a natural atom one has little control over the spectrum of energies for adding or removing electrons. There the electrons interact with the fixed potential of the nucleus and with each other, and these two kinds of interaction determine the spectrum. In an artificial atom, however, one can change ...
chapter 13 - University of Michigan
chapter 13 - University of Michigan

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Ultracold Hydrogen—D. Kleppner, T. J. Greytak

... magnet by collisions with a buffer gas of 3He. The buffer gas is confined in a cell at a temperature of about 300 mK. Thermalization with the buffer gas causes the atoms to be trapped in the quadrupole, which forms a magnetic trap with a depth of about 2.8 K. A valve is then opened allowing the 3He ...
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Optically dressed magnetic atoms

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Spécialité de M2 : Concepts Fondamentaux de la Physique

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Study Guide Summative Exam The following represent the

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Chapter 11 The solid State, Home Work Solutions

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... All questions are compulsory. There are 30 questions in total. Questions 1 to 8 carry one marks each, questions 9 to 18 carry two marks each, questions 19 to 27 carry three marks each and questions 28 to 30 carry five marks each. There is no overall choice. However, an interval choice has been provi ...
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Optical Pumping of Rubidium Vapor

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Flexbook - The Bohr Model of the Atom

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Final Exam Study Guide Chapters 1-12

... ____ 48. Across a period, ionization energies of d-block elements generally a. increase. c. remain constant. b. decrease. d. drop to zero. ____ 49. The first electrons to be removed when d-block elements form ions are the a. d electrons. c. s electrons. b. p electrons. d. f electrons. ____ 50. The c ...
Physics 228, Lecture 12 Thursday, March 3, 2005 Uncertainty
Physics 228, Lecture 12 Thursday, March 3, 2005 Uncertainty

x - Piazza
x - Piazza

... “down the drain” into a blind alley from which nobody has yet escaped. Nobody knows how it can be like that. - Richard Feynman Those who are not shocked when they first come across quantum mechanics cannot possibly have understood it. Richard Feynman (1918-1988) ...
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Hydrogen atom



A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively charged proton and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. Atomic hydrogen constitutes about 75% of the elemental (baryonic) mass of the universe.In everyday life on Earth, isolated hydrogen atoms (usually called ""atomic hydrogen"" or, more precisely, ""monatomic hydrogen"") are extremely rare. Instead, hydrogen tends to combine with other atoms in compounds, or with itself to form ordinary (diatomic) hydrogen gas, H2. ""Atomic hydrogen"" and ""hydrogen atom"" in ordinary English use have overlapping, yet distinct, meanings. For example, a water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms, but does not contain atomic hydrogen (which would refer to isolated hydrogen atoms).
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