Adiabatic Preparation of Topological Order
... such Hamiltonians has been used as a paradigm for adiabatic quantum computation [9]. This process must be accomplished such that the error between the actual final state and the desired (ideal adiabatic) ground state of H1, is as small as possible. The problem is that real and virtual excitation ...
... such Hamiltonians has been used as a paradigm for adiabatic quantum computation [9]. This process must be accomplished such that the error between the actual final state and the desired (ideal adiabatic) ground state of H1, is as small as possible. The problem is that real and virtual excitation ...
X 5 Berry phase in solid state physics
... 2.1 Introducing the Berry phase Let us start from a time-independent system described by a Hamiltonian H(r, p). We denote the eigenstates by |mi and the eigenvalues byP ǫm . For simplicity, the energy levels P are assumed to be non-degenerate. An initial state |ψ0 i = am |mi evolves to a state |ψt i ...
... 2.1 Introducing the Berry phase Let us start from a time-independent system described by a Hamiltonian H(r, p). We denote the eigenstates by |mi and the eigenvalues byP ǫm . For simplicity, the energy levels P are assumed to be non-degenerate. An initial state |ψ0 i = am |mi evolves to a state |ψt i ...
... States like (1) are pure entangled, and like (2) are separable. In the language of density matrices, strongly separable states are those ones which can be written as ρ = ρA ⊗ ρB , and weakly separable those ones for which ρ = ∑i pi ρA,i ⊗ ρB,i where pi are probabilities for the occurrence of the pro ...
Chapter 4 - Jenkins Independent Schools
... Many compounds are made of carbon and hydrogen only. A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms is called a hydrocarbon. The simplest hydrocarbon is methane, the primary component of natural gas. If you have a gas stove or gas furnace in your home, methane usually is the fuel that is bu ...
... Many compounds are made of carbon and hydrogen only. A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms is called a hydrocarbon. The simplest hydrocarbon is methane, the primary component of natural gas. If you have a gas stove or gas furnace in your home, methane usually is the fuel that is bu ...
ON THE DYNAMICS CREATED BY A TIME-DEPENDENT
... cycloid around an outward drifting center orthogonal to the induced electric field. The outgoing drift is without energy loss. The latter results have not been published yet but can be found in preprint [3]. Finally let us note that the dynamics of the classical system without magnetic field was dis ...
... cycloid around an outward drifting center orthogonal to the induced electric field. The outgoing drift is without energy loss. The latter results have not been published yet but can be found in preprint [3]. Finally let us note that the dynamics of the classical system without magnetic field was dis ...
Black hole fireworks: quantum-gravity effects outside the horizon
... radius, all observers agree that it takes “a long time for the process to happen.” Let us discuss the physics of this bouncing time τR in detail, since it is crucial for the following. From the point of view of the observer at the (finite) radius R, there is a shell incoming at some time and then a ...
... radius, all observers agree that it takes “a long time for the process to happen.” Let us discuss the physics of this bouncing time τR in detail, since it is crucial for the following. From the point of view of the observer at the (finite) radius R, there is a shell incoming at some time and then a ...
Slide 1
... Using the reference graphic shown below, develop a model that will predict the coordinate position when the electron is exiting the electrostatic field. Assume that the electron’s horizontal velocity has a constant value while the electron is in the electrostatic field. Also assume that “d” is the d ...
... Using the reference graphic shown below, develop a model that will predict the coordinate position when the electron is exiting the electrostatic field. Assume that the electron’s horizontal velocity has a constant value while the electron is in the electrostatic field. Also assume that “d” is the d ...
Chapters_38-39
... elementary amounts (quanta) that we now call photons. This proposal should seem strange to you because we have just spent several chapters discussing the classical idea that light is a sinusoidal wave, with a wavelength λ, a frequency f, and a speed c such that ...
... elementary amounts (quanta) that we now call photons. This proposal should seem strange to you because we have just spent several chapters discussing the classical idea that light is a sinusoidal wave, with a wavelength λ, a frequency f, and a speed c such that ...
Document
... spiral down and collapse on the nucleus. Neils Bohr overcame with his model of how electrons orbited the nucleus. His two main ideas were: 1. Not every orbit is possible but only certain specific ones, at certain specific distances from the nucleus 2. The electrons will not slowly lose energy as the ...
... spiral down and collapse on the nucleus. Neils Bohr overcame with his model of how electrons orbited the nucleus. His two main ideas were: 1. Not every orbit is possible but only certain specific ones, at certain specific distances from the nucleus 2. The electrons will not slowly lose energy as the ...
EX8
... electric field. Assume that at time t = 0, a uniform concentration of excess carriers exists in the crystal, but assume that g = 0 for t > 0. If we assume that the concentration of excess carriers is much smaller than the thermal-equilibrium electron concentration, then the low-injection condition ...
... electric field. Assume that at time t = 0, a uniform concentration of excess carriers exists in the crystal, but assume that g = 0 for t > 0. If we assume that the concentration of excess carriers is much smaller than the thermal-equilibrium electron concentration, then the low-injection condition ...
Black hole fireworks: quantum-gravity effects outside the horizon
... radius, all observers agree that it takes “a long time for the process to happen.” Let us discuss the physics of this bouncing time τR in detail, since it is crucial for the following. From the point of view of the observer at the (finite) radius R, there is a shell incoming at some time and then a ...
... radius, all observers agree that it takes “a long time for the process to happen.” Let us discuss the physics of this bouncing time τR in detail, since it is crucial for the following. From the point of view of the observer at the (finite) radius R, there is a shell incoming at some time and then a ...
Physics of Smell - Department of Theoretical Physics
... In “swipe-card” model the previous two theories fuse together. Vibration theory is still fully valid but some aspects of “lock and key” model are also taken into account. Obviously, the shape of the molecule matters to some extent, because molecules can be smelt only if they are small enough to fit ...
... In “swipe-card” model the previous two theories fuse together. Vibration theory is still fully valid but some aspects of “lock and key” model are also taken into account. Obviously, the shape of the molecule matters to some extent, because molecules can be smelt only if they are small enough to fit ...
M. Shiga and W. Shinoda, heat capacity of water from quantum nuclear dynamics
... and becomes 9kB ⯝ 1 cal/ 共g K兲. Beyond the boiling point, the heat capacity of vapor drops to about 3kB, but increases gradually as the vapor is more heated. High heat capacity in the liquid state is said to be one of the anomalous properties of water, and this is mainly ascribed to the configuratio ...
... and becomes 9kB ⯝ 1 cal/ 共g K兲. Beyond the boiling point, the heat capacity of vapor drops to about 3kB, but increases gradually as the vapor is more heated. High heat capacity in the liquid state is said to be one of the anomalous properties of water, and this is mainly ascribed to the configuratio ...
Variational method for ground-state energy of helium atom in N
... importance of electron correlation effects. Hydrogen-like systems are considered a prototype of physical problems in N dimensions [18-20] and have an important role in different areas of physics: For example, in quantum field theory [21], in quantum chemistry [22], in quantum computation [23] and in na ...
... importance of electron correlation effects. Hydrogen-like systems are considered a prototype of physical problems in N dimensions [18-20] and have an important role in different areas of physics: For example, in quantum field theory [21], in quantum chemistry [22], in quantum computation [23] and in na ...
Hydrogen atom
A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively charged proton and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. Atomic hydrogen constitutes about 75% of the elemental (baryonic) mass of the universe.In everyday life on Earth, isolated hydrogen atoms (usually called ""atomic hydrogen"" or, more precisely, ""monatomic hydrogen"") are extremely rare. Instead, hydrogen tends to combine with other atoms in compounds, or with itself to form ordinary (diatomic) hydrogen gas, H2. ""Atomic hydrogen"" and ""hydrogen atom"" in ordinary English use have overlapping, yet distinct, meanings. For example, a water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms, but does not contain atomic hydrogen (which would refer to isolated hydrogen atoms).