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BIOL 1120 Introduction to Evolutionary Biology
BIOL 1120 Introduction to Evolutionary Biology

... Common Course Outline for: BIOL 1120 Introduction to Evolutionary Biology A. Course Description 1. Number of credits: 3 2. Lecture hours per week: 3 Lab hours per week: None 3. Prerequisites: Eligible for READ 1106 4. Co-requisites: None 5. MnTC Goal: 3 A non-majors, general education course that ex ...
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... variations are genetic, while others are acquired in the organism's lifetime. All these variations can affect an organism's ability to survive or reproduce. As you learned in Chapter 3, the amount of space, food, water, shelter, and other resources in nature is limited, and organisms compete for the ...
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... 2. Explain how biogeography suggests that species evolve adaptations to their environments. 3. Define the biological process of evolution 4. Explain Lamarck’s theory of evolution. 5. Describe Darwin’s contribution to scientific thinking about evolution. 6. Analyze the reasoning in Darwin’s theory of ...
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Evolution and Natural Selection

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Darwin`s Theory - Hicksville Public Schools

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Microsoft Word 97
Microsoft Word 97

... belonging to the same species. It is also thought that only a small group of Cro-Magnons gave rise to all present human races. If we use our imaginations and suppose that a small, living population of Cro-Magnons was found somewhere on earth just recently, how could we positively determine that we a ...
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Darwin - Integrative Biology

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Natural selection



Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype; it is a key mechanism of evolution. The term ""natural selection"" was popularised by Charles Darwin, who intended it to be compared with artificial selection, now more commonly referred to as selective breeding.Variation exists within all populations of organisms. This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and these mutations can be passed to offspring. Throughout the individuals’ lives, their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits. (The environment of a genome includes the molecular biology in the cell, other cells, other individuals, populations, species, as well as the abiotic environment.) Individuals with certain variants of the trait may survive and reproduce more than individuals with other, less successful, variants. Therefore, the population evolves. Factors that affect reproductive success are also important, an issue that Darwin developed in his ideas on sexual selection, which was redefined as being included in natural selection in the 1930s when biologists considered it not to be very important, and fecundity selection, for example.Natural selection acts on the phenotype, or the observable characteristics of an organism, but the genetic (heritable) basis of any phenotype that gives a reproductive advantage may become more common in a population (see allele frequency). Over time, this process can result in populations that specialise for particular ecological niches (microevolution) and may eventually result in the emergence of new species (macroevolution). In other words, natural selection is an important process (though not the only process) by which evolution takes place within a population of organisms. Natural selection can be contrasted with artificial selection, in which humans intentionally choose specific traits (although they may not always get what they want). In natural selection there is no intentional choice. In other words, artificial selection is teleological and natural selection is not teleological.Natural selection is one of the cornerstones of modern biology. The concept was published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858, and set out in Darwin's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species, in which natural selection was described as analogous to artificial selection, a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction. The concept of natural selection was originally developed in the absence of a valid theory of heredity; at the time of Darwin's writing, nothing was known of modern genetics. The union of traditional Darwinian evolution with subsequent discoveries in classical and molecular genetics is termed the modern evolutionary synthesis. Natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution.
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