Witten
... In short, the bi have the transformation properties and the anticommutation relations appropriate for the gamma matrices of O(N). The kink states, on which the b i act, therefore transform in the spinor representation of O(N). The kinks are isospinors. Before proceeding, a few mathematical remarks a ...
... In short, the bi have the transformation properties and the anticommutation relations appropriate for the gamma matrices of O(N). The kink states, on which the b i act, therefore transform in the spinor representation of O(N). The kinks are isospinors. Before proceeding, a few mathematical remarks a ...
Quantum Rotations: A Case Study in Static and Dynamic Machine
... One common algorithm in our benchmarks is the quantum random walk, which is a graph traversal technique that is used for path-finding algorithms[17]. In a quantum random walk, the direction and length of each step in the walk are determined by the state of a qubit. When implemented without rotations ...
... One common algorithm in our benchmarks is the quantum random walk, which is a graph traversal technique that is used for path-finding algorithms[17]. In a quantum random walk, the direction and length of each step in the walk are determined by the state of a qubit. When implemented without rotations ...
Quantum networking with single ions J¨ urgen Eschner
... It is important to emphasize that a single photon created by this kind of slow Raman scattering may have a spectral bandwidth much narrower than the linewidth of the upper atomic level! Possible causes of decoherence in this process of generating a pure single-photon quantum state include both techn ...
... It is important to emphasize that a single photon created by this kind of slow Raman scattering may have a spectral bandwidth much narrower than the linewidth of the upper atomic level! Possible causes of decoherence in this process of generating a pure single-photon quantum state include both techn ...
A Suggested Answer To Wallstrom`s Criticism: Zitterbewegung
... For all these reasons, it seems worthwhile to consider whether the central obstacle for the stochastic mechanics research program - Wallstrom’s criticism - can be surmounted. The objective of this series of papers is to suggest how non-relativistic stochastic mechanics for spinless particles can be ...
... For all these reasons, it seems worthwhile to consider whether the central obstacle for the stochastic mechanics research program - Wallstrom’s criticism - can be surmounted. The objective of this series of papers is to suggest how non-relativistic stochastic mechanics for spinless particles can be ...
1 Engineering Entanglement: Quantum Computation, Quantum
... development of quantum information, the applications of quantum principles to computation, communications, and other information processing problems. Although entanglement is not the only substantial element of quantum information, it nonetheless constitutes the intellectual core of quantum informat ...
... development of quantum information, the applications of quantum principles to computation, communications, and other information processing problems. Although entanglement is not the only substantial element of quantum information, it nonetheless constitutes the intellectual core of quantum informat ...
Quantum refrigerators and the third law of thermodynamics
... refrigerator is employed consisting of a working medium composed either by two coupled harmonic oscillators or two coupled two-level systems. The refrigerator is a nonlinear device merging three currents from three heat baths: a cold bath to be cooled, a hot bath as an entropy sink, and a driving ba ...
... refrigerator is employed consisting of a working medium composed either by two coupled harmonic oscillators or two coupled two-level systems. The refrigerator is a nonlinear device merging three currents from three heat baths: a cold bath to be cooled, a hot bath as an entropy sink, and a driving ba ...
density functional theory
... In this text only electrons are from interest, which are fermions. The anti-symmetric fermion wave function leads to the Pauli principle, which states that no two electrons can occupy the same state, whereas state means the orbital and spin parts of the wave function ...
... In this text only electrons are from interest, which are fermions. The anti-symmetric fermion wave function leads to the Pauli principle, which states that no two electrons can occupy the same state, whereas state means the orbital and spin parts of the wave function ...
Read PDF - Physics (APS) - American Physical Society
... lattice and limiting the couplings to a finite range. Were we literally considering charged particles confined to a common ring, and treating the electromagnetic field dynamically, our moving lump of charge would radiate. The electromagnetic field provides modes that couple to all the particles, and ...
... lattice and limiting the couplings to a finite range. Were we literally considering charged particles confined to a common ring, and treating the electromagnetic field dynamically, our moving lump of charge would radiate. The electromagnetic field provides modes that couple to all the particles, and ...
Chapter 42
... The hydrogen atom is the only atomic system that can be solved exactly. Much of what was learned in the twentieth century about the hydrogen atom, with its single electron, can be extended to such single-electron ions as He+ and Li2+. The hydrogen atom is an ideal system for performing precisi ...
... The hydrogen atom is the only atomic system that can be solved exactly. Much of what was learned in the twentieth century about the hydrogen atom, with its single electron, can be extended to such single-electron ions as He+ and Li2+. The hydrogen atom is an ideal system for performing precisi ...
Variational Method
... useful to think about the asymptotic behavior of the wave function. Because the Coulomb potential goes to zero at the infinity, the bound state wave function satisfies (asymptotically) ...
... useful to think about the asymptotic behavior of the wave function. Because the Coulomb potential goes to zero at the infinity, the bound state wave function satisfies (asymptotically) ...
The Spectrum of the Hydrogen Atom
... • Paul Dirac did a lot of work in quantum mechanics and relativity, and proposed an equation of motion for an electron, taking into consideration relativistic effects. • Albert Einstein did a lot of work in order to explain the photoelectric effect, but did not like the path the new quantum mechanic ...
... • Paul Dirac did a lot of work in quantum mechanics and relativity, and proposed an equation of motion for an electron, taking into consideration relativistic effects. • Albert Einstein did a lot of work in order to explain the photoelectric effect, but did not like the path the new quantum mechanic ...
Quantum Phenomena in Condensed Phase
... In semiclassical methods [2, 5, 37, 65, 69], all degrees of freedom are treated on the same footing, while hopefully still capturing the quantum character to a satisfactory extent. The quantum propagator is expressed as a weighted average of classical trajectories determined by a stationary phase an ...
... In semiclassical methods [2, 5, 37, 65, 69], all degrees of freedom are treated on the same footing, while hopefully still capturing the quantum character to a satisfactory extent. The quantum propagator is expressed as a weighted average of classical trajectories determined by a stationary phase an ...
Binding energies of excitons in II–VI compound
... value 36 meV although there should be significant confinement effects. The reason for this strange behavior is not clear. It should be pointed out that Urbaszak et al. [3] do not measure the values of EB directly. They determine the energy difference between the 1s and 2s exciton states and then der ...
... value 36 meV although there should be significant confinement effects. The reason for this strange behavior is not clear. It should be pointed out that Urbaszak et al. [3] do not measure the values of EB directly. They determine the energy difference between the 1s and 2s exciton states and then der ...
The Uncertainty Principle and Covalent Bonding
... countable (discrete, non-continuous) and localized (each one has a definite position in space and time). The interaction of light and matter shows a countable behavior, in that momentum and energy are transferred in discrete amounts (“quanta”), as observed in the photoelectric and Compton effects. H ...
... countable (discrete, non-continuous) and localized (each one has a definite position in space and time). The interaction of light and matter shows a countable behavior, in that momentum and energy are transferred in discrete amounts (“quanta”), as observed in the photoelectric and Compton effects. H ...
