Download 3 - Hershey-Chase

SBI4U – Molecular Genetics
493694377
Date: ___________________________
Hershey Chase Experiment
Background
Viruses are composed of ________ (or _________)
inside a protein coat/shell called a ______________
It was also known that viruses replicate by taking over
the host cell’s ____________________________ to
make more virus
Used a virus which infects a bacterium is called a ________________
because the host bacterium cell is __________ as the new virus
particles leave the bacterial cell
In order to do all this, the virus must inject whatever is the _________
____________________ into the host cell
Thus, people realized that the viral genetic code material had to be
either its _______ or its __________________
The Experiment
To answer this question, Hershey and Chase performed an experiment using a
bacterium named __________________________, or ___________ for short and a
virus called _____ that is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli
When the new T2 viruses are ready to leave the host E. coli cell (and go infect
others), they burst the E. coli cell open, killing it
The results that Hershey and Chase obtained indicated that the viral ____________,
not the _______________, is its genetic code material
Hershey and Chase used ___________________ chemicals to distinguish between
(___________) the _____________________ and the ____________ in T2 virus so
they could tell which of those molecules entered the E. coli cells
Page 1 of 3
SBI4U – Molecular Genetics
493694377
Some amino acids contain ______________ in their side chains
If T2 is grown in E. coli with a source of __________________
______________, the sulfur will be incorporated into the T2
protein coat making it radioactive
DNA has lots of _____________________ in its phosphate (PO43-) groups
If T2 is grown in E. coli with a source of ________________________________, the
phosphorus will be incorporated into the viral DNA, making that radioactive
Hershey and Chase grew two batches of T2 and
E. coli
One with radioactive __________________
One with radioactive ____________
These radioactive T2 were placed in
______________________________ of E. coli,
but were left there only 10 minutes
This was to give the T2 time to _______________ their genetic material into the
bacteria, but not _______________
Next, still in separate batches, the mixtures were __________________ in a kitchen
blender to knock loose any ________________________ not inside the E. coli but
perhaps stuck on the _______________________
This would differentiate between the protein and DNA portions of the virus
Page 2 of 3
SBI4U – Molecular Genetics
493694377
Each mixture was spun in a _______________ to separate the heavy ___________
(with any _________________ that had gone into them) from the liquid solution they
were in (including any viral parts that had not entered the bacteria)
The centrifuge causes the heavier ______________ to be pulled to the __________
of the tube where they form a pellet, while the light-weight viral “leftovers” stay
suspended in the liquid portion called the ______________________
The pellet and supernatant from each tube were separated and tested for the
presence of _____________________
Radioactive sulfur was found in the _____________________
Indicates that the protein did not go into the bacteria
Radioactive phosphorus was found in the ______________________
Indicates that viral DNA did go into the bacteria
Based on these results, Hershey and Chase concluded that __________ must be
the genetic code material, not ________________ as many people believed
Page 3 of 3