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Transcript
Chapter 4 Cornell Notes Describe the situation with gray wolves prior to their reintroduction into Yellowstone National Park in 1995. Draw a web or diagram showing the effects of introducing the wolves into Yellowstone. Use all species mentioned! Species Evolution Adaptation Natural selection Describe each component/observation about evolution. What evidence supports evolution? Prokaryotic What is the six-kingdom classification system? What is the difference between archaebacteria and eubacteria? Eukaryotic What is contained in the Protista kingdom? How do fungi, plantae, and animalia differ? Community What does it mean that communities are nested within one another? Ecosystem Succession Do communities ever reach a stable and persistent community? Explain. Primary Succession Pioneer community In what sequence does succession occur? Secondary Succession Where does secondary succession occur? In what sequence does secondary succession on abandoned farmland occur? What is the sequence of animal life during secondary succession? How do primary and secondary succession differ? Symbiosis Coevolution How have plants evolved to bring pollinators to their flowers? How did the animal pollinators evolve to aid in pollination and receive nectar and pollen? Mutualism. Define and provide at least one example. Commensalism. Define and provide at least one example. Parasitism. Provide at least one example. Pathogen Predation What are some examples of the pursuit and ambush tectic? What are some examples of plant defenses again herbivores? What are some examples of defensive adaptations of animals? Competition Intraspecific competition Interspecific competition What do we need to know to give a complete ecological description of a species? Ecological niche Why is a niche difficult to define? How is a habitat different from a niche? Fundamental niche Realized niche Limiting resource. Provide examples of limiting resources. Competitive exclusion What did G.F. Gauses’s experiment show? Resource partitioning What are some examples of resource partitioning? How do the five North American Warbler species partition their resources? Keystone species What are some examples of keystone species? Species richness What factors determine the number of species in a community? Ecotone What is species richness greater in the margins of communities? i.e. edge effect What is the isolation effect? What does it mean that “species richness is inversely related to the environmental stress of a habitat”? How does geological history affect species richness? Ecosystem services How do community stability and community complexity relate? Describe the situation which occurred and continues in Lake Victoria. (Bullet the events.)