Download 2013 8th Grade Physical Science End of Year Exam Study Guide

2013 8th Grade Physical Science End of Year Exam Study Guide
This Study guide is meant to help students prepare for the End of the Year Exam for Physical Science. The
exam will cover information covered in the second semester only. The chapters are listed in the order that
we studied them.
Electricity – Chapter 18 (pages 708 – 749)
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Know the difference between static and current electricity.
Know the difference between electricity conductors and electricity insulators.
Know the difference between series and parallel circuits and examples of when you would use them.
Know that “like” charges repel and “unlike charges” attract.
Energy and Energy Resources – Chapter 4 (pages 136 – 175)
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Describe the basic forms of energy (electrical, thermal, nuclear, mechanical, sound, radiant-light.
Know the difference between kinetic and potential energy and give examples.
Explain the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Identify and describe common energy transformations.
Thermal Energy – Chapter 5 (pages 176 – 213)
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Know the difference between heat, temperature, and thermal energy.
Describe the direction in which heat flows.
Describe how heat is transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation.
Describe the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy
Waves – Chapter 14 (pages 542 – 581)
1. Know the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves.
2. Describe the basic properties/characteristics of waves ( amplitude, frequency, wavelength, crest,
trough, compression, rarefaction)
3. Know the difference between reflection, refraction, and diffraction changes a wave’s motion
4. Know that energy is transferred through the motion of a wave.
5. Know which kind of waves can and can’t travel through empty space.
6. Know how to calculate the frequency of a wave.
Sound – Chapter 15 (pages 582 – 621)
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Explain what is necessary for a sound to be produced.
Know how the type of media (solid, liquid, gas) affects the speed of sound.
Know how the temperature of the media affects the speed of sound.
Describe how pitch and frequency relate.
Describe how amplitude and intensity relate.
Know what echolocation is.
Electromagnetic Waves – Chapter 16 (pages 622 – 659)
1. Identify the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and give examples.
2. List the order of the electromagnetic spectrum parts from lowest frequency to highest frequency or
longest wavelength to shortest.
3. Know ROYGBIV and which color of light has the longest wavelength.
4. Know where the most important source of electromagnetic waves comes from.
Light – Chapter 17 (pages 660 – 707)
1. Know that white light is made up of all the colors of light
2. Know that the difference between transparent, translucent, and opaque objects.
3. Know that the color of an opaque object is the color of light that is reflected back to you.
Atoms and Elements – Chapter 8 (pages 304 – 337)
1. Know the four scientists that have contributed most to the model of an atom.
2. Identify the parts of an atom, their charges, and location within the atom
3. Know that each element is made up of only one kind of atom.
The Periodic Table – Chapter 9 (pages 338 – 377)
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Know the difference between groups and periods on the Periodic Table.
Know the information found on the element key (atomic number, atomic mass, name, and symbol).
Know the difference between Atomic number and Atomic Mass.
Know the difference between metals, non-metals, and metalloids.
Describe the Noble gases.
Elements and Chemical Bonds – Chapter 10 (pages 378 – 419)
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What is an electron energy level
What are valence electrons and how do you determine the number of them.
Know how to draw a dot diagram of an element.
Know the difference between an ionic and covalent bond.
Know what an ion is and how to know if it is a positive or negative ion.
Know what a compound is.
Know what a chemical formula is, what a subscript is, and how to count the number of atoms in a
formula.
Chemical Reactions and Equations – Chapter 11 (pages 420 – 457)
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Know the difference between a chemical and physical change is
Know the law of conservation of mass.
Know how to balance a simple chemical equation.
Know the parts of a chemical equation (reactants, products).
Know several ways to speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
Know the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions.
Mixtures, Solubility, and Acid/Base Solutions – Chapter 12 (pages 458 – 497)
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Know how the terms solvent, solute, and concentration relate to each other.
What is a mixture?
How is a mixture and compound different?
Describe the properties of acids and bases and know examples.