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EXAM # 2 REVIEW SHEET
Minerals
1) What are the 2 most abundant elements in Earth’s crust?
2) What is a mineral (definition)?
3) What is a mineraloid?
4) What is an atom? What is it composed of?
5) What is the atomic number? The atomic mass?
6) What is an isotope?
7) Be able to calculate the number of protons and neutrons if given the
atomic number and/or the atomic mass number. Also, if electrically
neutral, how many electrons would be present.
8) How are electrons configured surrounding the nucleus?
9) How is bonding accomplished? What are the different types of bonds?
10)What is a cation? An anion? An ion?
11) What is a polymorph?
12) What is the silica tetrahedron? What is it composed of?
13) What are the different silicate subgroups? Make sure you know how
each is constructed and give an example of each.
Igneous Rocks
1) How are igneous rocks classified?
2) What is an aphanitic texture? A phaneritic texture? How does each
develop?
3) What is meant by mafic? Sialic or felsic?
4) What is Bowen’s Reaction Series?
5) What are the different igneous rocks and how does each relate to both
texture and composition?
Volcanism
1) What is meant by viscosity? How does it relate to magma composition and
temperature?
2) How does viscosity relate to eruption style.
3) What is aa lava? What is pahoehoe lava? Why are they different?
4) What are the different forms of volcanic structures as they relate to
eruptive style?
5) What is a stratovolcano/composite volcano? How does it form?
6) What is a pyroclastic flow/nuee ardente?
7) What is a phreatic explosion? A lahar? A caldera?
8) Compare and contrast Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, Pelean, Plinian,
and Surtseyan types of volcanic eruptions.
9) What is a magma? A lava?