Download Cell Part Functions

Name/Period __________________________
Cell Part Functions
Cell Part
Cell Wall
What it is
Rigid structure that encloses the cells of plants
Cell Membrane
Outer covering of all cells
Cytoplasm
Gel-like substance between the nucleus and
membrane
Spherical shaped organelle often found in the
center of the cell. It is usually the largest
organelle found in a cell.
The energy providing organelle
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Green, chlorophyll- containing plant cell
organelle
Organelle in the cytoplasm that serves as the
digestive center
Small structure in the cytoplasm where proteins
are made. Some float freely, others attach to
endoplasmic reticulum.
A series of folded membranes that extend from
the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane.
An organelle made up of stacks of slightly
curved and flattened membranes
Centrioles
Structures in animal cells only that help with cell
division.
Cytoskeleton
The cells “skeleton” made up of thin, hollow
tubes and fibers of protein
A cell sac. In plants they are large and may
make up most of the cell’s volume. In animals
they are smaller.
Strands of DNA in the nucleus
Vacuole
Chromosomes
What it does
Supports and protects the cells of plants and helps give them their shape. The
thick, mesh like fibers allow water and dissolved materials to pass through it.
Protects cell and regulates the interaction between the cell and the
environment. “Traffic cop” controlling what enters and leaves.
Provides the needed environment for organelles to function. This is where
most of a cell’s life processes occur.
Controls all cell activity and contains hereditary material (Chromosomes,
proteins, DNA, etc.)
Breaks down lipids and carbohydrates. Stores this “food” as energy and
releases it to the cell as necessary. Known as the “powerhouse” of the cell
Captures the sun’s energy and converts sunlight, C02, and water into sugar.
(called photosynthesis)
Contain digestive chemicals (enzymes) that help break down food, cell wastes
and worn-out cell parts. When a cell dies, the lysosome membrane
disintegrates and digestive chemicals are released to quickly breakdown the
cell’s contents.
They make proteins used for other cell functions and chemical reactions. They
receive directions from the nucleus on when and how to make specific proteins.
Transports needed proteins and other substances (lipids) around inside the
cell. If ribosomes are attached it is called rough ER.
They sort proteins and other substances and package them into vesicles. The
vesicles deliver the substances to areas inside the cell or to the membrane
where they are released to the outside of the cell.
Play a role in cell division by helping with spindle formation. They are found in
pairs and move towards opposite ends of the nucleus when it is time for cell
division.
Gives the cell its shape and strength
The cell’s “warehouse” used for a temporary storage of materials such as
water, waste products and food.
Carries the genes that determine heredity information