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Week 13 – Friday – Cold War
AIM: How did the Cold War influence domestic government actions?
DO NOW: What does a country do to try and “protect” its citizens from attack?
MINI-LESSON: The Cold War at Home
- Review of general feelings of fear and paranoia during the
Cold War, highlight social and cultural patterns and norms
- Review of specific policies aimed at targeting possibly threats
to U.S. security, highlight issues of loyalty and suspicion
ACTIVITY: 1. Zinn annotation
- Students will the Zinn chapter on the Cold War, analyzing the
how U.S. government used domestic policy to make people
have certain feelings towards the Cold War
2. HUAC Interrogation
- Students will role play a historic interrogation from a HUAC
trial to highlight the ways in which Americans were harassed
during McCarthyism
SHARE: Answering the AIM
HOMEWORK: See homework sheet
The Cold War at Home
The lead up to Second Red Scare
1. During WWI our nation reacted against the communist threat by passing the Espionage
and Sedition Acts, limiting our First Amendment freedoms in Schenck v. US, and making
examples of “what happens to those who create a clear and present danger” in the Sacco
and Vanzetti trial.
2. During the Great Depression many Americans joined the communist party because they
had grown disillusioned with America’s capitalist system
3. As the Soviet Union gained power and became confrontational with the US many
Americans left the communist party, but some in America would grow to distrust anyone
who called themselves (or once called themselves) communist or socialist. Here are
some key events and people relating to America’s Second Red Scare:
President Truman’s Loyalty Program- Required background checks of all new government
employees. Any employee involved in suspicious activities was brought to the Loyalty Review
Board for questioning and/or a hearing. Several million employees were questioned, but only a
few hundred lost their jobs.
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)- Congress, led by Senator Joseph
McCarthy, had their own version of Truman’s Loyalty Program. Congress investigated many
famous people in the movie industry who made movies that seemed to criticize the American
government and its policies. Many people’s careers were ruined and several people named the
Hollywood Ten were put in jail for six months to a year for refusing to answer the questions,
“Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist party?” Blacklists circulated
around Hollywood that warned against hiring any of the people of the list (who were all
suspected of being, or having been, communist).
McCarran-Walter Act- This act set quotas for the number of people who could immigrate to
the US from other countries. Discriminating against immigrants from Asia and Southern and
Central Europe, countries where communism was taking root.
Alger Hiss- A high ranking State Department official was accused of spying for the Soviet
Union. He was put on trial and found guilty of perjuring himself, but not for spying. He went to
prison for four years. It is still a matter of debate whether he was guilty of spying.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg- The Rosenberg’s were accused of passing atomic secrets to the
Soviet Union. They were put on trial and found guilty. They were executed in 1953.
Defense Spending; Bombing Drills; Bomb Shelters
US History – Krugman
Week 13 – Quiz
name:
1. During World War II, women and minorities made economic gains mainly because
1. a shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the workplace
2. more educational opportunities increased the number of skilled workers in these groups
3. labor unions successfully demanded equal opportunities for these groups
4. new civil rights legislation forced businesses to change their hiring practices
2. A major cause of the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II was
1. national segregation policies
2. immigration quotas
3. racial prejudice
4. economic depression
3. A violation of civil rights that occurred in the United States during World War II was the
1. arrests made as a result of the Palmer raids
2. passage of an open immigration law
3. internment of Japanese Americans
4. forced removal of Native American Indians from their reservations
4. In the 1930’s, the enactment of New Deal programs demonstrated a belief that
1. corporations were best left to operate without government interference
2. state governments should give up control over commerce inside their states
3. the Federal Government must concern itself with the people’s economic well-being
4. the United States Constitution was not relevant to 20th-century life
5. What was the main effect of Executive Order 9066?
1. The establishment of Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps
2. The evacuation of Japanese Americans to internment camps
3. The opening of centers for Jewish refugees in former army camps
4. The creation of the first African American combat unit in the army air corps
6. Which of these committed the Untied States to a foreign policy based on containment of communism?
1. Baruch Plan
2. Four Freedoms
3. Long Telegram
4. Truman Doctrine
7. Which of these was the primary goal of the Marshall Plan?
1. To gather information about Europe’s economic resources
2. To encourage economic integration among the nations of Europe
3. To promote democracy in Europe by rebuilding war-torn economies
4. To support a rapid transition in Europe to centrally planned economies
8. Which term is best defined as the practice of publicly accusing someone of subversive activities without
evidence to back up the charges?
1. censure
2. Stalinism
3. blacklisting
4. McCarthyism
9. What crime was the subject of the Julius and Ethel Rosenberg trial?
1. Passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union
2. Plotting to overthrow the United States government
3. Lying to the House Un-Americans Activities Committee
4. Recruiting Communist sympathizers to spy for the Soviet Union
10. Based on a study of the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti (1920’s) and the internment of Japanese Americans
(1940’s), which conclusion is most accurate?
1. The Bill of Rights is not intended to apply to naturalized citizens
2. Racial and ethnic hostilities are effectively checked by adherence to due process of law.
3. Internment of suspected criminals is necessary during wartime.
4. Nativism and racism sometimes override the ideals of constitutional democracy