Download The Human Body

Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
INSTRUCTIONS:
Match the term with the definition below.
The Human Body
A. cells
B. circulatory
C. digestive
D. endocrine
E. excretory
G. integumentary
H. organs
I. organ system
J. respiratory
The human body is well equipped to carry out the necessary processes
of life. The body has similar (1), which work together and make up a
tissue. Different tissues are organized into (2). A complex activity, such
as the breakdown of food for use by the cells requires an (3). This
specific function is performed by the (4). Other organ systems are
involved in the transport of materials into, through, and out of the body.
The systems are the (5) system (clue: air), (6) system (clue: liquid), and
the (7) system (clue: waste). Two organs systems that control body’s
activities are the nervous system and the (8) system. Two other organ
systems that protect the body are the immune system and the (9)
system. To do all the wonderful things that humans do, it is necessary
that all the body’s organ systems work together.
The Digestive System
A. bile
B. bolus
C. canines
D. chemically
E. colon
I. rectum
F. energy
J. saliva
G. esophagus
K. small intestine
H. large intestine L. stomach
M. villi
The function of the digestive system is to break down food so that
cells can use it. Food supplies (10) to the cells. Digestion begins in the
mouth where incisors bite the food, and (11) cut and tear it. Molars crush
the food into a small ball called the (12). (13), a liquid from the salivary
glands in the mouth, softens the bolus and starts breaking it down (14).
Swallowed food moves down the (15) to the (16). In the stomach, the
liver adds (17) and the pancreas adds other digestive juices that break
down food into a soupy liquid. Then the food moves to the (18) where it
can be absorbed into the body through the (19). The leftover food that
could not be digested moves to the (20), which has the (21) as its widest
part. The last part of the large intestine is the (22).
Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
The Respiratory System
A. alveoli
B. bronchi
C. carbon dioxide
D. diaphragm
E. diffusion
F. exhale
G. glucose
H. inhale
I. lungs
J. mitochondria
K. trachea
Your cells need oxygen to break down food for energy. Oxygen enters
the body through your respiratory system. When you (23), air passes
through your nose and mouth and enters your (24), or windpipe. The
trachea lets air into your right or left (25). The lungs expand as air flows
into smaller branched tubes called (26). At the end of the bronchi are tiny
sacs called (27). Here oxygen flows through the alveoli’s walls into the
blood cells in a process called (28). The blood carries a waste product
called (29) from the blood to the tubes of the lungs. Carbon dioxide is
pushed out of the body when the lungs (30). The muscle that controls the
movement of gases through the lungs is called (31). Oxygen in the blood
can flow into a cell’s (32), where it reacts with a type of sugar called (33).
This reaction releases energy to the cell.
The Circulatory System
A. arteries
B. atrium
C. blood
D. blood vessels
E. capillaries
F. carbon dioxide
G. heart
H. oxygen
I. plasma
J. platelets
K. red
L. veins
M. ventricle
N. white
The circulatory system carries needed supplies like food and oxygen to
the various organs and tissues, and it takes away waste. The circulatory
system consists of the (34) (clue: pump), (35) (clue: pipes), and (36)
(clue: liquid). The heart itself is divided into four chambers the upper left
and right (37) and lower left and right (38). There are three types of
blood vessels: (39) that carry blood to the heart from the body, (40) that
carry blood from the heart to the body, and (41) that connect the two. An
important station in the blood’s trip through the body is the lungs where
(42) blood cells get (43) and leave (44). The blood’s (45) cells fight
germs and break down dead cells. (46) keep blood from leaking through
the thin walls of the capillaries. They also form scabs that stop cuts from
bleeding. (47) is the clear liquid that carries the other parts of the blood
throughout the body.
Chapter 3 Human Body Systems Test
The Excretory System
A. artery
B. bile
C. ducts
D. kidneys
E. nephrons
F. pores
G. returned
H. sweat
I. tubes
J. ureters
K. useful
The job of the excretory system is to get rid of wastes. In the
integumentary system, sweat glands push (48) that contains waste to the
surface of the skin through (49). In the urinary system, waste products
are filtered and useful products are (50) to the blood. The process of the
urinary system starts when the liver produces (51) to break down food.
Whatever broken-down food that the body can not use leaves the liver as
urea. Next, the blood containing urea flows into the bean-shaped (52)
through an (53) and then to the capillaries. Once the blood reaches the
(54), or individual, tiny, filters, it will be separated so that (55) material
are sent back to the blood. Wastes will get caught up in (56) with semi
permeable membranes and then will be held in collecting (57). The urea
and other wastes reach the bladder through tubes called (58). A signal
goes to the brain to indicate that the bladder needs to be emptied.
Forty-five of the above terms will appear on the test. Each is worth
2 points each. The following 2 questions are worth 5 points each.
A. Lance Armstrong can pump 9 gallons of blood per minute when he is
competing at his best. How long will it take Lance to pump 135 gallons of
blood? How long will it take another athlete who only pumps 6 gallons of
blood per minute?
B. Explain cellular respiration and how cells get energy to do work.
The following 2 questions are extra credit and are worth 10 points each.
EC 1 Shortness of breath often accompanies heart attacks, when the heart
stops pumping. Explain why a malfunction in the circulatory system can
cause symptoms in the respiratory system.
EC 2 A physician is concerned that his patient’s kidneys are not working well.
What tests might he order to test his hypothesis?