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Standard 3, Objective 1 Review
Name__________________________
1. What tool can be used to view cells and their parts?
Microscope (you should be able to label a microscope with its parts)
2. What is a cell?
Remember here the cell theory 1. All living things are composed of one or more cell.
2. Cells are the basic unit of life 3. All cell come from other cells
3. Describe the functions of the following organelles (cell parts):
a. Nucleus: the control center, DNA is housed in the Nucleus
b. Cell membrane: a semipermeable thin layer that surrounds the cell nutrients
and waste flow in and out of its openings.
c. Cell wall: the cell wall is only found in plant cells, cell walls give plants their
structure
d. Cytoplasm: the fluid that is within the cell that all organelles are located in.
Similar to JELLO and fruit. The JELLO is the cytoplasm and the fruit
represent the organelles.
e. Mitochondria: the power house of the cell. Cellular respiration takes place
here. (Oxygen and glucose are turned into energy ATP)
f. Chloroplast: only found in plant cells they are easily recognized because they
are green. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis.
4. What organelles (cell parts) are found only in plants? Cell Wall and Chloroplast
5. List 2 similarities and 2 differences of plant and animal cells.
This could be a variety of things such as the same organelles, both cell produce energy
etc. Differences could be plant cells have a cell wall, and chloroplasts, plants make sugars
and animal cells use sugars etc.
6. Define the following words:
a. Diffusion: is the movement of molecule from a high concentration to a low
concentration
b. Osmosis: is the movement of molecule from a high concentration to a low
concentration across a semipermeable membrane
c. Photosynthesis: is the process that takes place within the chloroplast,
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are converted to glucose
d. Respiration: takes place in the mitochondria, oxygen and glucose are
converted in to energy also known as ATP
7. How are diffusion and osmosis similar? Both diffusion and osmosis is the
movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration
8. How are diffusion and osmosis different? With osmosis we are concerned about
water crossing a cell membrane (a semipermeable membrane). Diffusion can occur
anywhere there is a high concentration of molecules and a low concentration.
Remember that SALT SUCKS the water molecules will be pulled towards the side
of more salinity (salty).
9. What happens to a cell that is placed in salt water? If a cell is placed in Salt water
the cell with shrink, this is because the solution outside the cell has a greater
concentration of salt so the water will be pulled out.
10. What happens to a cell that is placed in pure water? If a cell is placed in pure water
the cell will swell. This is because the higher concentration of salt is in the cell and
the water will move in to the cell to make things equal.
11. How do cells get energy? Plant cells get their energy through photosynthesis, by
taking water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight and creating glucose (sugar) with in the
chloroplasts. Animal cell get energy form cellular respiration, the mitochondria
processes glucose, and oxygen to produce energy otherwise known as ATP.
12. What do cells do with waste products like CO2? Cells move waste products out of
the cell through the cell membrane.
Label the parts of the following cell:
15. Mitochondria
13. Nucleus
16. Chloroplasts
14. Cell wall
17. cytoplasm