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FINAL CONTROL 4
Correct answer is the first
1. One of the surgery rules is to make skin sections along the Langer’s lines (lines of skin tension).
What tissue forms the reticular layer of the dermis?
A. Dense irregular connective
B. Reticular connective
C. Loose connective
D. Epithelial
E. Dense regular connective
2. On a slide of the red bone marrow the numerous capillaries are visible. Through their wall mature
blood cells enter the circulation. What type of capillaries they belong to?
A. Sinusoidal
B. Lymphatic
C. Fenestrated
D. Somatic
E. Visceral
3. The tunica intima of a blood vessel has been impregnated by silver salts. On the inner surface of
the vessel the cells have been found with rough, irregular edges. Name these cells.
A. Endotheliocytes
B. Stellate cells
C. Myocytes
D. Fibroblasts
E. Adipocytes
4. The wall of blood vessels and the wall of the heart consist of some tunics. What tunic of the heart
is similar to the blood vessel wall by histogenesis and structure?
A. Endocardium
B. Myocardium
C. Pericardium
D. Epicardium
E. Epicardium and myocardium
5. On a slide of the spleen a vessel is seen. Its wall consists of an endothelium posed on a basal
membrane. The tunica media is absent; the tunica externa has grown with the connective tissue of
the spleen. Name this vessel.
A. Unmuscular vein
B. Arteriole
C. Muscular vein with weak development of muscular elements
D. Muscular artery
E. Elastic artery
6. Thymosin antibodies have been introduced into the organism of a laboratory animal.
Differentiation of what cells will be disturbed in the first place?
A. T-lymphocytes
B. Monocytes
C. B-lymphocytes
D. Macrophages
E. Plasmocytes
7. On a tissue specimen a lymphoid tissue inside the parenchyma of an organ is seen. The lymphoid
tissue consists of diffusely disposed lymphatic nodules with central arteries in them. Which organ
has this kind of structure?
A. Spleen
B. Thymus
C. Tonsil
D. Lymph node
E. Red bone marrow
8. The organ of cardiovascular system is built up by cells connected with the help of intercalated
disks. What organ is it?
A. Heart
B. Muscular vein
C. Arteriole
D. Muscular artery
E. Aorta
9. On a slide the organ of cardiovascular system is visible. One of its tunics is formed by
anastomosing fibers. They are formed by cells connected with the help of intercalated disks. What
organ of cardiovascular system is it?
A. Heart
B. Elastic artery
C. Muscular vein
D. Muscular artery
E. Arteriole
10. A capillary is characterized by wide-open lumen, presence of fenestrated epithelium and porous
basement membrane. What is the type of this capillary?
A. Sinusoidal
B. Visceral
C. Somatic
D. Lymphatic
E. Lacunar
11. It is known that plasma cells produce specific antibodies against particular antigens. Upon entry
of an antigen the number of plasmocytes increases. On account of what blood cells, the amount of
plasmocytes enlarges?
A. B-lymphocytes
B. T-lymphocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Eosinophils
E. Basophils
12. On a slide the medulla of a lobule of hemopoietic organ is stained lighter than the cortex and
contains epithelial bodies. What organ has these morphological attributes?
A. Thymus
B. Lymph node
C. Spleen
D. Liver
E. Kidney
13. In the red bone marrow during postembryonic hemopoiesis basophilia of cytoplasm in some
cells gradually decreases and oxyphilia increases, the nucleus is pushed out. Name the kind of a
hematopoietic lineage, for which such morphological changes are characteristic.
A. Erythropoiesis
B. Lymphopoiesis
C. Neutropoiesis
D. Eosinophilopoiesis
E. Basophilopoiesis
14. On a slide a hemopoietic organ is observed which consists of different lobules. In each lobule a
cortex and a medulla are present. What organ possesses these morphological attributes?
A. Thymus
B. Lymph node
C. Spleen
D. Tonsils
E. Appendix
15. The walls of different vessels have morphological differences in a structure of tunica media.
What provides these differences?
A. Hemodynamic conditions
B. High contents of catecholamines in a blood
C. Influence of endocrine system organs
D. Regulation from a CNS
E. Inductive influence of neurons of vegetative ganglia
16. The large caliber arteries dilate during a systole and come back to the initial position during a
diastole providing stability of the blood stream. Presence of what elements in their wall provides
this stability?
A. Elastic fibers
B. Muscular fibers
C. Reticular fibers
D. Collagen fibers
E. Fibroblasts
17. The inner wall of blood vessels is lined by an epithelium. Name it.
A. Endothelium
B. Pseudostratified epithelium
C. Mesothelium
D. Epidermis
E. Transitional epithelium
20. After repeated exposure to the same antigen antibodies appear much faster than by initialё
contact with it. What immunocompetent cells participate in this phenomenon?
A. Memory lymphocytes
B. T-killers
C. T-suppressors
D. Macrophages
E. Dendritic cells
21. In a month after childbirth a woman applied to a doctor with complaints of breastmilk
insufficiency. Level of what hormone in the blood was very low?
A. Prolactin
B.
C.
D.
E.
Glucagon
Adrenocorticotropin
Somatostatin
Insulin
22. It is known that aldosterone regulates blood level of sodium ions. What cells of adrenal gland
produce this hormone?
A. Zona glomerulosa cells
B. Zona fasciculata cells
C. Epinephrocytes
D. Zona reticularis cells
E. Norepinephrocytes
23. A newborn is diagnosed with developmental disorder of the myocardium of a heart ventricle.
What part of the embryo is responsible for the myocardium development?
A. Myoepicardial plate
B. Mesenchyme
C. Splanchnopleura
D. Entoderm
E. Ectoderm
24. On a slide a bean-shaped organ can be seen having cortex and medulla. The cortex consists of
separate spherical nodules 0.5-1 mm in diameter, and the medulla contains medullary cords. What
organ is it?
A. Lymph node
B. Thymus
C. Kidney
D. Adrenal gland
E. Spleen
25. On a slide is seen a lymph node profile with an extended paracortex. Proliferation of what
lymph node cells has caused this process?
A. T-lymphocytes
B. Macrophages
C. B-lymphocytes
D. Plasmocytes
E. Reticulocytes
26. On a slide the spherical aggregations of lymphocytes are revealed. In the middle of them there is
a central artery. What organ is researched?
A. Spleen
B. Kidney
C. Thymus
D. Red bone marrow
E. Lymph node
27. An endocrinologist treats a 40-year-old patient for failure of adrenal cortex function which is
accompanied with a decreased level of aldosterone in the blood. Function of what adrenal cortex
cells is affected?
A. Zona glomerulosa cells
B. Zona fasciculata cells
C. Zona reticularis cells
D. Sudanophobic zone cells
E. X-zone cells
28. In a red bone marrow aspirates of the 35-year-old patient a significant decrease in the number of
megakaryocytes is revealed. What changes in the peripheral blood are accompanied with this
clinical situation?
A. Decreased amount of thrombocytes
B. Increased amount of leucocytes
C. Increased amount of thrombocytes
D. Decreased amount of granulocytes
E. Decreased amount of leucocytes
29. А medical student has been given two slides. The total field of vision of the fist slide is
occupied primarily with mature erythrocytes, the other slide represents formed elements of blood in
different stage of maturation. Smears of what are they?
A. Blood and red bone marrow
B. Frog’s blood and human’s blood
C. Blood and lymph
D. Blood and yellow bone marrow
E. Yellow and red bone marrow
30. A medical student investigates two tissue specimens. Both slides represent organs which contain
lymphoid nodules (follicles). On the first slide lymphoid follicles contain eccentrically located
artery, on the other slide there are follicles without arteries. What are these organs?
A. First - spleen, second - lymph node
B. First - red bone marrow, second - spleen
C. First - thymus, second - spleen
D. First - liver, second - lymph node
E. First - liver, second - spleen
31. On a slide of a red bone marrow the clumps of huge cells posed in close contact with sinusoidal
capillaries are determined. Name elements of a blood, which are formed from these cells.
A. Platelets
B. Erythrocytes
C. Leukocytes
D. Monocytes
E. Lymphocytes
32. On a tissue specimen of a wall of a heart the large cells with light cytoplasm and eccentrically
posed nuclei are defined located between an endocardium and myocardium. What cells of the heart
have these morphological attributes?
A. Cells of Purkinje fibers
B. Lipocytes
C. Pacemaker cells
D. Typical cardiomyocytes
E. Endocrine cells
33. At infectious diseases, and intoxications the amount of reticuloepitheliocytes, and Hassal's
corpuscles increases in the thymic lobules, the area of lobular medulla enlarges. How are the given
changes in a thymus called?
A. Accidental involution
B. Aging involution
C. Status thymicolymphaticus
D. T-immunodeficiency
E. B- immunodeficiency
34. A very tall patient in endocrinology unit was diagnosed with acromegaly. Hyperfunction of
what cells of a pituitary gland causes this disease?
A. Somatotropes
B. Thyrotropes
C. Gonadotropes
D. Chromophobes
E. Mammotropes
35. An aspiration of a haemopoietic organ was performed, and megakaryocytes were found. What
organ was it?
A. Red bone marrow
B. Spleen
C. Thymus
D. Lymph node
E. Tonsil
36. A 40-year-old patient suffered a heart attack. What process will be observed in the area of
myocardial destruction?
A. Proliferation of connective tissue cells
B. Intracellular neogenesis of contractile cardiomyocytes
C. Proliferation of contractile myocytes
D. Proliferation of conducting cardiomyocytes
E. Proliferation of contractile and conducting cardiomyocytes
37. In the wall of a vessel the internal and external elastic membranes, and a plenty of smooth
myocytes in the tunica media are visible. What vessel is it?
A. Muscular artery
B. Elastic artery
C. Elastic-muscular artery (mixed)
D. Muscular vein with strong development of its muscular coat
E. Extraorgan lymphatic vessel
38. A vital stain was injected in an afferent vessel of an animal’s lymph node during experiment.
What cells of the lymph node will exhibit presence of stain particles?
A. Macrophages
B. Reticuloepitheliocytes
C. B-lymphocytes
D. Plasma cells
E. T-lymphocytes
39. In a red bone marrow the developing blood cells are posed in the form of haematopoietic
islands. Some of these islands are associated with macrophages. What formed elements of blood
develop in these islands?
A. Erythrocytes
B. Basophilic granulocytes
C. Precursors of T- and B-lymphocytes
D. Monocytes
E. Thrombocytes
40. After a thyroid gland resection in a 42-year-old woman cramps appeared. A relief came after
injection of Calcium medications. Function of what endocrine gland was disturbed?
A. Parathyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Thyroid
D. Pituitary gland
E. Epiphysis
41. At the woman the weak contractile activity of an uterus is revealed. What hormone must be
injected?
A. Oxytocin
B. Prednisolone
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Dexamethasone
E. Aldosterone
42. After an antigenic stimulation in medullary cords of a lymph node revealed cells with
intensively basophilic cytoplasm, nucleus with a chromatin, which is posed as spokes of a wheel,
and light site of cytoplasm near it. What cells are they?
A. Plasmocytes
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Adipocytes
E. Basophils (mast cells)
43. On a tissue specimen have revealed blind ending vessels, look like flattened endothelial tubes,
do not contain a basal membrane and pericytes, the endothelium of these vessels is fixed by
collagen fibers. What vessels are they?
A. Lymphatic capillaries
B. Blood capillaries
C. Arteriole
D. Venules
E. Arterio-venular anastomoses
44. On a slide of endocrine gland the round structures of the different sizes are visible, which wall is
formed by one layer of epithelial cells located on a basal membrane. In the middle they contain
homogeneous extracellular mass. What gland is it?
A. Thyroid
B. Posterior lobe of a pituitary gland
C. Adrenal cortex
D. Parathyroid
E. Anterior lobe of a pituitary gland
45. On a slide the network of capillaries posed between two arterioles (rete mirabile) is well visible.
In what organ is it possible to see this phenomenon?
A. In a kidney
B. In a retina of an eye
C. In a liver
D. In adrenal
E. In a spleen
46. At the patient a hyperfunction of a thyroid gland have revealed. What is the shape of thyrocytes
at this state?
A. Columnar
B. Polygonal
C. Flat
D. Spindle-shaped
E. Cuboidal
47. A child was diagnosed with congenital immunodeficiency syndrome. Cellular immunity is not
formed, that causes often virus infections. What organ does not work properly at this case?
A. Thymus
B. Red bone marrow
C. Lymph node
D. Spleen
E. Palatine tonsils
48. On a slide of a red bone marrow among cells of myeloid series and adipocytes there are cells of
stellate form with oxyphilic cytoplasm, which contact by the processes. What are these cells?
A. Reticular
B. Fibroblasts
C. Macrophages
D. Osteocytes
E. Dendritic
49. On a slide of lymph node in medullary cords the increased plasmocytogenesis revealed.
Antigen-depending stimulation of what immunocompetent cells has resulted in their formation?
A. B-lymphocytes
B. T-lymphocytes
C. Macrophages
D. Dendritic
E. Integrating cells
50. Endocrine gland is made of epithelial cords, which consist of acidophilic, basophilic and
chromophobic cells. What organ is it?
A. Adenohypophysis
B. Epiphysis
C. Adrenal
D. Neurohypophysis
E. Thyroid gland
51. On a tissue specimen of a palatine tonsil the crypts are visible, which epithelium is infiltrated by
leukocytes. What epithelium lines this organ?
A. Stratified non-keratinized
B. Simple cuboidal
C. Simple columnar
D. Stratified keratinized
E. Pseudostratified ciliated
52. On a slide of a heart the light organized in cords cells, containing small amount of myofibrils,
inclusions of a glycogen and eccentrically posed nuclei are distinguished. What are these cells?
A. Cells of Purkinje fibers
B. Conducting pacemaker
C. Conducting transitive
D. Endocrine
E. Contractile
53. The experimental animal produces a plenty of urine (polyuria) and is thirsty (polydipsia). The
urine does not contain glycogen. Function of what structures is disturbed?
A. Neurosecretory cells of a hypothalamus
B. Thyrocytes of a thyroid gland
C. Parathyrocytes
D. Glomerular zone of a adrenal
E. Adrenal medulla
54. On an electron microphotograph of skin epidermis among cuboidal cells are located branching
cells, in has cytoplasm of which found well advanced Golgi apparatus, a lot of ribosomes and
melanosomes. Name these branching cells.
A. Melanocytes
B. Keratinocytes
C. Langerhans cells
D. Merkel cells
E. Tissue basophils
55. The parenchymal organ has cortex and medulla. Cortex is formed by epithelial cords, between
which pass capillaries; cords form three zones. The medulla contains chromaffin cells and sinuses.
What organ is it?
A. Adrenal
B. Thymus
C. Kidney
D. Lymph node
E. Ovary
56. In a dermis of a skin the vessels are found out, with a thick layer of smooth muscle cells in
tunica media. Name these vessels.
A. Artery of a muscular type
B. Arteriole
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
E. Arteriolo-venular anastomoses
57. The secretory units of apocrine sweat glands of the skin contain myoepithelial cells. What is the
function of these cells?
A. Contractile
B. Protective
C. Secretory
D. Regenerative
E. Supportive
58. In policlinics has addressed the patient with open fracture of a finger. The first medical care is
given. What skin structure from injured regenerates faster than others?
A. Epidermis
B. Nervous tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Smooth muscle
E. Bone
59. At the patient of 12 years on a skin are found out white maculae without a pigment. Absence of
what cells of a skin has resulted in occurrence of such formations?
A. Melanocytes
B. Plasmocytes
C. Adipocytes
D. Fibrocytes
E. Mast cells
60. At research of a slide of a child finger skin was revealed, that the epidermis is not fully
developed. What germ layer was damaged during development?
A. Ectoderm
B. Endoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Neuroectoderm
E. Mesenchyme
61. Identification of the person is used in criminal practice. What structure determines an individual
picture of a skin.
A. Papillary layer of a dermis
B. Reticular layer of a dermis
C. Epidermis
D. Epidermis and dermis
E. Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
62. At fall the child has torn off a skin of a palm. What epithelium was damaged?
A. Stratified keratinized
B. Stratified nonkeratinized
C. Transitional
D. Simple columnar
E. Simple squamous
63. During contact with chromium the woman had allergic dermatitis of both arms. What cells of a
skin were mainly involved at this disease?
A. Tissue basophils
B. Plasmocytes
C. Macrophages
D. Neutrophils
E. Lymphocytes
64. At a trauma of a skin the reticular layer is damaged. At the expense of what activity of what
cells there is a neogenesis of this layer?
A. Fibroblasts
B. Macrophages
C. Lymphoblastic
D. Neuroblastic
E. Erythroblastic
65. On a site of a skin epidermis due to a trauma there are no layers down to germinal. Name cells,
which become the basic source of epidermis regeneration.
A. Layer of basal cells
B.
C.
D.
E.
Layers of spinosum cells
Layers of granular cells
Layers of spinosum and granular cells
Cell of a stratum lucidum
66. In conditions of experiment the dense contact between epitheliocytes of skin is broken. What
function of an epithelium will disturbed?
A. Mechanical
B. Secretory
C. Vitamin D synthesis
D. Excretory
E. Absorptive
67. In a material of a skin epidermis the cells with processes are found out. Their cytoplasm
contains granules of dark brown colour. What are these cells?
A. Melanocytes
B. Keratinocytes
C. Merkel's cells
D. Lymphocytes
E. Epidermal macrophages
68. On a slide of an eyeball of a fetus the damage of a vascular coat is revealed. What embryonic
material was damaged at development of an eye?
A. Mesenchyme
B. Ectoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Outer layer of an optic cup
E. Inner layer of an optic cup
69. On a slide of an eyeball the outer epithelium of a cornea is not fully developed. What germ layer
could be damaged during an embryogenesis?
A. Ectoderm
B. Mesoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Outer layer of an optic cup
E. Inner layer of an optic cup
70. As a result of laser correction of vision on a line of a section the stratified squamous epithelium
of a cornea is partially damaged. At the expense of what cells there will be regeneration of this kind
of an epithelium?
A. Basal
B. Spinosum
C. Fibroblasts
D. Fibrocytes
E. Lymphocytes
71. At the patient with poliomyelitis, which is characterized by damage of a spinal cord, function of
skeletal muscles is broken. What neurons are damaged?
A. Motor
B. Intercalated
C. Pseudo-unipolar
D. Pseudo-unipolar and intercalated
E. Intercalated and motor
72. The patient after reception of the large doses of streptomycin had hearing loss. What cells of
inner ear was broken in this case?
A. Hair
B. Pillar
C. Phalangeal
D. Multipolar
E. Connective tissue
73. On a tissue specimen the part of nervous system consisting of grey and white matter is
submitted. The grey matter is posed on periphery. The neurons form three expressed layers:
molecular, ganglionic and granular. Name the organ.
A. Cerebellum
B. Spinal cord
C. Brain stem
D. Cortex of the large hemispheres
E. Oblong brain
74. The doctor - oculist at inspection has found out, that the patient does not distinguish blue and
green colours. What cells of a retina are damaged?
A. Cone
B. Amacrine
C. Rod
D. Multipolar
E. Horizontal
75. At the patient of 14 years is revealed infringement of twilight vision. What vitamin it is not
enough in an organism?
A. A
B. B12
C. B1
D. B6
E. C
76. The part of the central nervous system has a level-by-level locating of neurons, among which
there are cells of such forms: stellate, fusiform, horizontal, pyramidal. What part the CNS answers
such structure?
A. Brain cortex
B. Cerebellum
C. Hypothalamus
D. Oblong brain
E. Spinal cord
77. The traumatic damage of nervous fibers is accompanied by a destruction of axial cylinders,
disintegration of a myelin. What provides renewal of myelin?
A. Schwann cells
B. Perineurium
C. Ependyma
D. Endoneurium
E. Astrocytes
78. At the patient is damaged ciliary body. What apparatus of an eyeball thus suffers?
A. Accomodative
B. Photosensitive
C. Phototransport
D. Protective
E. Trophic
79. On electrophotograph of a sensory organ are visible hair cells, on their apical surfaces are
placed short hairs - stereocilia and kinocilium. What organ of sense has such characteristic?
A. Equilibrium
B. Vision
C. Olfaction
D. Hearing
E. Taste
80. At microscopic research in a slide the structure of nervous system consisting of pseudounipolar
neurons is found out. Neurons are covered by glial and connective tissue coats. Define the given
structure:
A. Spinal ganglion
B. Vegetative ganglion
C. Cerebellum
D. Spinal cord
E. Brain cortex
81. After a corrosive burn of an esophagus there was its local narrowing, owing to formation of a
scar. What cells of loose connective tissue take part in formation of the scar?
A. Mature specialized fibroblasts
B. Fibroclasts
C. Fibrocytes
D. Myofibroblasts
E. Juvenile undifferentiated fibroblasts
82. At the patient the contents of ca++ in a blood has sharply decreased. What hormone can call this
effect?
A. Parathormone
B. Aldosterone
C. Thyrocalcitonin
D. Somatotropic
E. Vasopressin
83. In endocrine clinic there is a boy 9 years, whose extremities had some times fractured. It is
connected to fragility of bones. Function of what endocrine gland is broken?
A. Parathyroid
B. Thyroid
C. Epiphysis
D. Adrenal
E. Thymus
84. The Rathke pouch arises from an ectodermal oral epithelium and is moved to the basis of the
future brain. What develops from given germ?
A. Adenohypophysis
B. Neurohypophysis
C. Medial eminence
D. Anterior hypothalamus
E. Infundibulum
85. At histological research of a human skin the dense irregular connective tissue is found out. What
layer of the given skin was submitted for study?
A. Reticular of a dermis
B. Epidermis
C. Muscular plate
D. Papillary layer of a dermis
E. Hypodermis
87. Child has inherent immunodeficiency. Cellular immunity is decreased, that provokes often virus
infections. By infringements in what organ, most likely, it is caused?
A. Thymus
B. Red bone marrow
C. Lymph node
D. Spleen
E. Palatine tonsils
88. In follicular walls and parafollicularly in the thyroid gland settle down large endocrinocytes
with secretory granules. What are these cells?
A. Calcitoninocytes
B. Thyrocytes
C. Parathyrocytes
D. Pinealocytes
E. Pituicytes
89. At the patient with increased in size spleen the decrease amount of erythrocytes of a peripheral
blood is revealed. The rising of what splenic cells function is observed thus?
A. Macrophages
B. Interdigitating cells
C. Lymphocytes
D. Dendritic cells
E. Plasmocytes
90. The secretory units of sweat glands contain myoepithelial cells. What function of these cells?
A. Contractile
B. Regenerative
C. Secretory
D. Protective
E. Supporting
91. The patient, 55 years, is under observation of the endocrinologist concerning infringement of
endocrine function of a pancreas, that is shown by decrease of amount of a glucagon in a blood.
Function of what cells of islets of Langerhans is broken?
A. A
B. D1
C. B
D. D
E. PP
92. Patient has diabetes mellitus from 14-th years old. What cells of islets of Langerhans of a
pancreas do not function?
A. B
B. D
C. A
D. D1
E. PP
93. The patient, 50 years, complains of rising of appetite, thirst, decrease of mass of a body,
fatigability. During laboratory research the increased glucose in a blood is revealed. The
development of disease is connected to pathology of function of what cells?
A. B - cells of islands of Langerhans
B. A - cells of islands of Langerhans
C. Thyrocytes
D. Pancreocytes
E. PP-cells of islands of Langerhans
94. In a consequence of a retinal apoplexy of an eye the patient has lost ability to see subjects in
center of a field of vision. In what place of a retina there was a hemorrhage?
A. In yellow macula
B. In an iridescent part of a retina
C. In a ciliar part of a retina
D. In a blind macula
E. In a vascular coat
95. During experiment in a brain of an animal was destroyed a layer of ganglionic cells at an
anterior central gyrus of a brain. What function of a cortex was damaged?
A. Motor
B. Trophic
C. Sensitive
D. Associative
E. Protective
96. During inspection of a posterior part of an eyeball the ophthalmologist has paid his attention on
the central fossa of a retina. What fossa is it?
A. Yellow macula
B. Blind macula
C. Place of an exit of an optical nerve
D. Site, where the veins of a retina leave eyes
A. Site which does not contain of photoreceptor cells
97. On a slide impregnated by silver, the large pear shaped cells with 2-3 dendrites, which branch in
one plane, are determined. What structure is researched?
A. Cortex of a cerebellum
B. Retina of an eye
C. Spiral ganglion of internal ear
D. Cortex of a brain
E. Spinal ganglion
98. In otology clinic there is a patient with loss of hearing. During examination was revealed that
this might happen due to treatment of big doses of antibiotics. Function of what cells might have
disturbed?
A. Hair
B. Phalangeal
C. Pillar
D. Hensen's
E. Connective tissue cells
99. On the microscopic slide of an eye a biconvex structure, covered by capsule, containing fibers,
connected with ciliary body by suspensory ligament is visible. Name this structure.
A. Lens
B. Vitreous body
C. Ciliary body
D. Cornea
E. Sclera
100. In the microscopic slide of one organ numerous folia are good revealed, cortex of organ has
three distinctive layers. Which organ is it?
A. Cerebellum
B. Cerebral cortex
C. Spinal cord
D. Brain stem
E. Reticular formation
101. In microscopic slide of an eyeball wall a structure devoid of blood vessels is revealed. Which
structure is it?
A. Cornea
B. Uvea
C. Retina
D. Ciliary body
E. Iris
102. A patient has traumatic injury of the anterior roots of spinal cord. What structures from listed
below are disturbed?
A. Axons of motor neurons and neurons of lateral horns
B. Axons of sensory neurons of spinal ganglion
C. Axons of neurons of lateral horns
D. Dendrites of neurons of spinal ganglion
E. Central processes of sensory neurons of spinal ganglion
103. Middle part of cochlea of inner ear was destroyed in animal during experiment. It will cause
abnormalities of the sound perception of the following frequencies:
A. High and low
B. High
C. Middle
D. No abnormalities
E. Low
104. Deficiency of vitamin a leads to disturbance of twilight vision. What cells responsible for this
photosensitive function?
A. Rod
B.
C.
D.
E.
Horizontal
Cone
Bipolar
Ganglionic
105. After chemical burn of a tongue lateral surface the taste sensibility of this region was lost.
What structure of a neuroepithelial cell participates in the rise of nerve impulse?
A. Microvilli on apical surface
B. Lateral surface
C. Microvilli of basal surface
D. Nucleus
E. Basal membrane
106. A boxer after trauma of a nose has disturbance of smell. What cells from listed below are
damaged?
A. Neurosensitive
B. Supporting
C. Basal
D. Ciliated
E. Cells with microvilli
107. At eye disease maculo-distrophy, the retina of old people is disturbed. What system of blood
supply of the eye is depleted?
A. Retinal
B. Ciliary
C. Visceral capillaries
D. Somatic capillaries
E. Vein plexus
108. In the microscopic slide of a retina is revealed, that cells of the pigment layer of it contains
many phagosomes. What function of pigment cell does it characterize?
A. Protective
B. Regenerative
C. Permeability
D. Sensitivity
E. Activation
109. In the slide of a brain cortex the big pyramidal shape cells are revealed. The discovery of these
cells is connected with the name of:
A. Betz
B. Golgi
C. Lenoshek
D. Nissl
E. Ramon-y-Cajal
110. Examination of an eyeball reveals congenital pathology of a corneal epithelium. Part of what
germ layer was damaged during embryonic development?
A. Ectoderm
B. Endoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Dermatome
E. Nephrotome
111. A patient of ophthalmologic clinic is examined. Some changes were revealed in his central
fovea of an eye. What structure is called the central fovea?
A. Thinnest region of retina
B. Blind macula
C. Nerve optic exit
D. Place of retinal vein exit
E. Region of retina without photosensitive cells
112. Which afferent trunk from listed below reaches brain cortex not through thalamus?
A. Olfactory
B. Acoustic
C. Exteroceptive
D. Visual
E. Nociceptive
113. In ophthalmologic clinic a physician write out a prescription with eye drops. What particularity
of an anterior corneal epithelium is realized at that?
A. Permeability
B. Regeneration
C. Sensitivity
D. Protective
E. Transparency
114. The increased intraocular tension is observed in the patient with glaucoma. Secretion of
aqueous humor by the ciliary body is normal. Injury of what structure of the eyeball wall caused the
disorder of flow-out from the anterior chamber?
A. Venous sinus
B. Uvea
C. Ciliary muscle
D. Ciliary body
E. Posterior epithelium of cornea
115. A patient has lost a sensibility of both arms fingers. What spinal cord structures from list
below are damaged?
A. Posterior roots
B. Anterior horns
C. Klark columns
D. Lateral horns
E. Posterior columns
116. Left ventral afferent spinothalamic trunk has deficiency of information from opposite part of
certain body segment. Neurons of what nucleus of spinal cord posterior horn are damaged?
A. Proper nucleus
B. Spongy substance
C. Gelatinous substance
D. Thoracic Klark nucleus
E. Ventral
117. Newborn has a tumor in the gray matter of a brain. What embryonic source does it connect to?
A. Mantle layer
B. Ependyma
C. Marginal layer
D. Neural crest
E. Ganglionic plate
118. Diabetes mellitus may be followed by loss of transparency of the lens of eye. This condition is
called cataract. The disturbance of what lens structure may be at this case at first turn?
A. Lens fibers
B. Subcapsular epithelium
C. Lens nucleus
D. Lens capsule
E. Ciliary body
119. During clinical examination of a patient with pathology of ear was revealed absence of
endolymph. Where is the place of pathology localized?
A. Inner ear
B. Middle ear
C. External ear
D. Eustachian tube
E. Ear drum
120. The ventral roots of 5 frontal segment of spinal cord were cut during experiment in the animal.
What changes will take place in the innervation region?
A. Loss of movements
B. Loss of tough sensitivity
C. Loss of proprioceptive sensitivity
D. Loss of temperature sensitivity
E. Hypersensitivity
121. Electrocardiography reveals a disturbance of a synchrony cardiac cycle phases and increased
transmission of excitement along myocardium. What structures from listed below, providing
electrical link between cardiomyocytes, may be damaged?
A. Gap junction
B. Hemidesmosome
C. Place of contact of myofibrils with sarcolemma
D. Intercalated disk
E. Zonula adherens
122. In the microscopic slide, stained by orsein, in the middle tunic of blood vessel are revealed
from 40 to 60 elastic membranes. Name this blood vessel.
A. Elastic artery
B. Muscular artery
C. Musculo-elastic artery
D. Muscular vein
E. Atypical vein
123. In the microspecimen of red bone marrow there were revealed big capillaries through the walls
of which mature blood cells penetrate. What type of capillary is it?
A. Sinusoidal
B. Fenestrated
C. Lymphatic
D. Visceral
E. Somatic
124. A conspicuous feature of the pacemaker's cells of impulse-conducting cardiac system is:
A. Big amount of free calcium in cytoplasm
B. Presence of t-systems
C. Big amount of myofibrils
D. Dense arrangement of myofilaments
E. Big amount of mitochondria
125. In the microscopic slide a blood vessel is visible, a wall of which consists of endothelium,
basal lamina and loose connective tissue. Name this blood vessel.
A. Unmuscular vein
B. Artery
C. Muscular vein
D. Blood capillary
E. Lymphatic capillary
126. One of blood capillaries has wide fenestrated epithelium and partial or total absence of basal
lamina underlying the endothelium. Name this type of capillary.
A. Sinusoidal
B. Continuous
C. Visceral
D. Lymphatic
E. Lacunar
127. One type of an arteriole is called vascular system "tap". What structural elements of this vessel
can provide such function of arteriole?
A. Circular myocytes
B. Longitudinal myocytes
C. Elastic fibers
D. Longitudinal muscle fibers
E. Circular muscle fibers
128. In the wall of one of blood vessel is visible big amount of elastic fibers, located in all tunics.
What factors determine these particularities of such blood vessel wall structure?
A. Big blood pressure
B. Small blood pressure
C. Big blood speed
D. Small blood speed
E. Osmotic pressure
129. In the microscopic slide of a heart one can see star shaped cardiomyocytes with centrally
positioned nucleus, good developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and specific
granules. The function of these cells is:
A. Endocrine
B. Contractile
C. Conduction of impulse
D. Protective
E. Regenerative
130. A patient has heart attack. Electro-cardiography reveals a disturbance of heart rhythm. Which
type of cardiomyocytes can not work properly?
A. Pacemaker cells
B.
C.
D.
E.
Contractile cardiomyocytes
Transitional conducting
Conducting bundle of his
Purkinjie fibers
131. One of a heart wall layers is similar to blood vessel wall according to histogenesis and tissue
contents. What is their embryonic source of origin?
A. Mesenchyme
B. Splanchnotome
C. Endoderm
D. Ectoderm
E. Somites
132. In the microscopic slide there is a heart wall. One of its layers contains contractile, conducting
and secretory myocytes, endomysium with blood vessels. What structure of the heart does it belong
to?
A. Myocardium of atrium
B. Endocardium of ventricle
C. Pericardium
D. Adventitia
E. Epicardium
133. During histochemical examination of a heart are revealed cardiomyocytes, containing granules
rich in glycoproteins. Name these cells.
A. Secretory
B. Contractile
C. P-cells
D. Purkinje cells
E. Transitional cells
134. During atherosclerosis obliterans in a patient appeared disturbance of blood vessels of legs. In
a histologic slide one of these blood vessels has good expressed inner and outer elastic membranes,
middle tunic contains many myocytes. Which blood vessel is it?
A. Muscular artery
B. Elastic artery
C. Musculo-elastic artery
D. Aorta
E. Lymphatic vessel
135. Child is of one year old that has disturbance of embryonic development of a heart - opened
Botallo's duct. Name place of its localization if the embryonic heart.
A. Vessel, connecting pulmonary artery with aorta
B. Interatrial septum
C. Interventricular septum
D. Vessel, connecting umbilical vein and vena cava inferior
E. Vessel, connecting vena porta with vena cava inferior
136. During examination of a brain dura mater was found blood vessel with big lumen, outer tunic
of this vessel grow together with surrounding connective tissue. Name this blood vessel.
A. Anmuscular vein (atypical)
B. Postcapillary venule
C. Medium vein (poor developed muscle)
D. Large vein (well developed muscle)
E. Venule
137. In the microscopic slide there is an organ, wall of which consists of three tunics. Innermost
layer contains endothelium and thin subendothelium. Outermost layer is the thickest. Which organ
is it?
A. Vein
B. Artery
C. Ureter
D. Heart
E. Uterus
138. Aorta during systole is expanded and returned in reference position during diastole in this,
providing blood stream stability. What blood wall elements play an important role in this process?
A. Elastic fibers
B. Muscular fibers
C. Reticular fibers
D. Collagen fibers
E. Big amount of fibroblasts
139. In microscopic slide one can see rectangular cells from 50 to 120 mkm measurement with
centrally positioned nucleus, good expressed myofibrils and are connected with each other through
the intercalated discs. Function of these cells is:
A. Contraction of a heart
B. Conduction of nerve impulse
C. Endocrine
D. Protective
E. Regenerative
140. In the microscopic slide of a heart are visible cells as light stained bundles, having small
amount of myofibrils and glycogen. These cells belong to:
A. Conducting bundles
B. Conducting pacemaker
C. Conducting transitional
D. Endocrine
E. Contractile
141. A patient has thrombophlebitis of deep veins of legs. What layer of the vein is damaged?
A. Endothelium
B. Subendothelium
C. Layer of elastic fibers
D. Layer of smooth muscles
E. Layer of connective tissue
142. Inner surface of all blood vessels is lined of epithelium, which synthesizes substances,
preventing process of blood clotting in vessels. Which type of epithelium is it?
A. Simple squamous (endothelium)
B. Stratified squamous nonkeratinized
C. Stratified squamous keratinized
D. Simple squamous (mesothelium)
E. Simple pseudostratified columnar
143. In electrophotograph of myocardium are revealed cells with processes, containing small
amount of organelles, but good developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretory granules. Name
these cells.
A. Atrial cardiomyocytes
B. Ventricular cardiomyocytes
C. Pacemaker cells
D. Transitional atypical cells
E. Bundle of his cells
144. In a pericardial cavity of a patient with exudative pericarditis is revealed big amount of
exudate (pathology fluid). Disturbance of which structures can lead to this appearance?
A. Mesotheliocytes
B. Fibroblasts
C. Contractile cardiomyocytes
D. Conducting myocytes
E. Endotheliocytes
145. Arterioles play an important role in a blood supply of structural and functional units of organs.
What structures from listed below are the most characteristically for the medial tunic of the
arteriole?
A. Myocytes
B. Enternal elastic membrane
C. External elastic membrane
D. Special connective tissue cells
E. Endotheliocytes
146. During examination of slide of blood vessels one can see that structure of artery wall differs
from structure of wall of vein. What lies at the base of these differences?
A. Different hemodynamic conditions
B. Different diameter
C. Different length
D. Different functions
E. Different distance from heart
147. Giving a description of a stress, student was mistaken, when had said, that synthesis of
glucocorticoids of adrenal cortex is stimulated by hypophyseal hormones. What answer is more
correct?
A. ACTH
B. Somatotropin
C. Gonadotropic hormones
D. Prolactin
E. Thyrotropin
148. Under some unfavourable conditions thymus undergoes reconstruction, is followed by
destruction of thymocytes, moving of them to peripheral organs and proliferation of epitheliocytes.
How is this phenomenon called?
A. Accidental involution
B. Aging involution
C. Hypotrophy
D. Dystrophy
E. Atrophy
149. During microscopic examination of a thymus are revealed decrease of the thymus parenchymal
elements, increase of adipose and connective tissues and amount of Hassal’s corpuscles. How is this
phenomenon called?
A. Aging involution
B. Accidental involution
C. Hypotrophy
D. Dystrophy
E. Atrophy
150. A newborn has congenital atrophy of thymus. What immune cells are disturbed more than
others?
A. T-lymphocytes
B. B-lymphocytes
C. Macrophages
D. Antigen-presenting cells
E. B-cells memory
151. In a woman with deficiency of sex hormones the amount of follicle stimulating hormone is
increased. What hypophyseal cells will be changed at that?
A. Gonadotropes
B. Thyrotropes
C. Adrenocorticotropes
D. Somatotropes
E. Lactotropes
152. A patient with hypothyroidism has deficiency of thyroid hormones. What cells of
adenohypophysis will be changed?
A. Thyrotropes
B. Gonadotropes
C. Adrenocorticotropes
D. Somatotropes
E. Lactotropes
153. Laboratory animal has premature puberty after endocrine gland ectomy. During ectomy of
which gland may it be happened?
A. Pineal
B. Hypophysis cerebri
C. Adrenal
D. Thyroid
E. Parathyroid
154. In the microscopic slide of adrenal the small polygonal cells, forming round clusters, contain
small amount of lipid inclusions are visible. They produce aldosterone. What part of adrenal is it?
A. Glomerulosa
B. Fasciculata
C. Sudanophobic
D. Reticularis
E. Medulla
155. Microscopic slide of adrenal has zone of big cuboidal cells, forming cords and containing big
amount of lipid inclusions. They produce glucocorticoids. What part of adrenal is it?
A. Zona fasciculata
B.
C.
D.
E.
Zona glomerulosa
Intermediate zone
Zona reticularis
Medulla
156. A man has a brain tumor. What organ is the most responsible for formation of immunity
against tumor?
A. Thymus
B. Red bone marrow
C. Lymph node
D. Spleen
E. Lymph follicles of intestine
157. Hypophysis develops from two embryonic sources - epithelial and neural. What is its epithelial
part embryonic source?
A. Epithelium of stomatodaeum
B. Epithelium of proctodaeum
C. Epithelium of a primitive gut
D. Coelomic epithelium
E. Epithelium of neural tube
158. A 15 years patient has enlarged palatine tonsils. What structures of these organs play a role in
immune defense of an organism against streptococcus?
A. Lymphatic nodules
B. Loose connective tissue
C. Stratified keratinized epithelium
D. Crypts
E. Stratified nonkeratinized epithelium
159. A child has disturbance of enamel and dentine formation because of decreased blood calcium
ions concentration. Deficiency of what hormone calls such pathology?
A. Parathormone
B. Triiodothyronine
C. Thyroxine
D. Thyrocalcitonin
E. Somatotropin
160. A patient was exposed to ionization. Examination of him reveals disturbance of a spleen white
pulp. What spleen cells are pathologically changed?
A. Lymphocytes
B. Tissue basophils
C. Basophils
D. Monocytes
E. Neutrophils
161. A height of 12 years child is 1m 80 cm. Pathology of which hormone takes place?
A. Somatotropine
B. Thyroxine
C. Insulin
D. Gonadotropic
E. Thyrotropic
161. Examination of a woman reveals an increase in metabolic processes. Abnormal high rate of
what hormones can cause this pathology?
A. Triiodothyronine
B. Aldosterone
C. Thyrocalcitonine
D. Somatostatin
E. Glucagon
162. Microscopic slide of one endocrine gland shows round structures are of different sizes, their
wall if formed by one layer of epithelium, resting on basement membrane. Inside there is
homogenous noncellular mass. What gland is it?
A. Thyroid
B. Parathyroid
C. Pars distalis of hypophysis
D. Adrenal
E. Pars nervosa of hypophysis
163. A patient has diabetes insipidus. Deficiency of what hypophysial hormone takes place?
A. Antidiuretic
B. Thyrotropin
C. Follicle-stimulating
D. Adrenocorticotropic
E. Luteinizing
164. In time of surgery one of endocrine gland was removed by mistake. It results in decrease of
blood calcium level. Which gland is it?
A. Parathyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Hypophysis
D. Thyroid
E. Pineal
165. In a patient is insufficiently developed adrenal. What embryonic process was disturbed?
A. Differentiation of neural crest
B. Formation of first branchial pouch
C. Differentiation of somites
D. Formation of body flexion
E. Development of gut
166. Thyroliberin was injected to a patient. Which of hypophysial hormones will be produced in
increased amount?
A. Thyrotropic
B. Melanotropic
C. Somatotropic
D. Luteinizing
E. Adrenocorticotropic
167. A 46 years patient was hospitalized in immunologic clinic with pathology of
granulocytopoiesis and thrombocytopoiesis. Which organ has pathology?
A. Red bone marrow
B. Lymph node
C. Palatine tonsil
D. Spleen
E. Thymus
168. A 2 years child has muscular convulsions because of low level of blood calcium concentration.
Which organ has pathology?
A. Parathyroid gland
B. Cortex of adrenal
C. Pineal gland
D. Thymus
E. Hypophysis
169. Use of the oral contraceptives with sex hormones inhibits the hypophyseal hormones
production. What exactly hormones are inhibited?
A. Follicle-stimulating
B. Thyrotropic
C. Oxytocin
D. Somatotropin
E. Vasopressin
170. A child with acute respiratory inflammation has enlarged neck lymph nodes with increase of
plasma cells. What part of lymph node contains a lot of plasma cells?
A. Medullary cords
B. Cortical sinus
C. Germinal center
D. Cortex
E. Connective tissue septa
171. A 50-years-old woman complains of loss of appetite, decreased body weight, fatigue during
blood test examination an increased glucose blood level was revealed. Pathology of which cells
does take place?
A. B-cells
B. Pancreocytes
C. Lipotrocytes
D. Thyrocytes
E. A-cells
172. Some vaccinations are done in subscapular area. What is the distinctive feature of a skin in this
area?
A. Greatest thickness of a dermis
B. Greatest thickness of a hypodermis
C. Greatest thickness of an epidermis
D. Greatest thickness of a cornual
E. Layer of an epidermis
F. Absence of sweat glands
173. At an adenoma of anterior lobe of a pituitary gland the disturbance of a menstrual cycle is
observed. What structures will be found in ovaries at that case?
A. Only primordial and atretic follicles
B. Only primordial follicles
C. All stages of follicles development
D. Absence of atretic follicles
E. Only corpora lutea
174. In hospital the injured person with a trauma of a backspine was delivered. The doctor has
found out opened fracture of thoracal vertebra with damage of posterior roots of a spinal cord. What
undergoes to retrograde degeneration after a trauma?
A. Pseudo-unipolar neurons
B. Glia
C. Neurons of dorsal horns of a spinal cord
D. Neurons of ventral horns of a spinal cord
E. Neurons of lateral horns of a spinal cord
175. The neuropathologist has found out damage of dorsal spino-cerebellar tract. What processes
are damaged?
A. Axons of a thoracal Klark's nucleus neurons
B. Axons of posterior nucleus proper neurons
C. Dendrites of a thoracal klark's nucleus neurons
D. Dendrites of posterior nucleus proper neurons
E. Axons of neurons of an intermediate zone of a spinal cord
176. At survey of an eye the doctor - ophthalmologist has found out a foreign body in a middle
layer of a cornea. How does this layer refer to as?
A. Substantia propria
B. Stratified nonkeratinized epithelium
C. Descemet's membrane
D. Bowmen's membrane
E. Endothelium
177. The inherent infringement of functions of an intermediate part of equilibrium sensory system
was revealed. In norm it is formed by:
A. Axons of bipolar cells of vestibular ganglion
B. Dendrites of bipolar cells of vestibular ganglion
C. Axons of climbing fibers of a cerebellum
D. Axons of mossy fibers of a cerebellum
E. Dendrites of ganglionic cells of a cerebellum
178. The inherent aplasia of thymus is found out in the child. Level of what hormone is reduced in a
blood?
A. Thymosin
B. Somatotropin
C. Thyrotropic
D. Epinephrine
E. Calcitonin
179. Sick 40 years has addressed with the complaints of a plenty of produced urine and polydipsia.
On the computer tomography of a brain may be found out the pathology of:
A. Supraoptic nucleus of a hypothalamus
B. Posterior part of a hypothalamus
C. Cerebellum
D. Adenohypophysis
E. Arcuate nuclei of middle hypothalamus
180. On a tissue specimen of a thyroid gland thyrocytes are big, columnar. it speaks about:
A. Amplified stimulation by thyrotropic hormone of a pituitary body
B.
C.
D.
E.
Desrease of a degree of activation of a thyroid gland
Presence of interfollicular islands
Influence of calcitoninum
Influence of parathhormone
181. On a slide the accumulation of a glycogen in the liver cells is observed. What hormones
provide transformation of proteins into carbohydrates?
A. Glucocorticoids
B. Mineralocorticoids
C. Estrogens
D. Noradrenalin
E. Insulin
182. From what embryonic source the pars intermedia of a pituitary gland develops?
A. Epithelium of oral cavity
B. Neuroectoderm
C. Epithelium of a coelom
D. Epithelium of branchial pouch
E. Endoderm
183. What is located in a posterior lobe of a pituitary gland?
A. Ends of axons of neurosecretory cells of a hypothalamus (herring bodies)
B. Pacini corpuscles
C. Acidophilic endocrinocytes
D. Basophilic endocrinocytes
E. Chromophilic endocrinocytes
184. What hormones are storaged in posterior lobe of a pituitary body?
A. Oxytocin, vasopressin
B. Melanotropic
C. Lipotropic
D. Mammotropic
E. ACTH
185. Where are hormones of a posterior lobe of a pituitary gland formed?
A. In supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
B. In arcuate nucleus
C. In ventromedial nucleus
D. In dorsomedial nucleus
E. In a posterior lobe of hypophysis cerebri
186. What functions does epiphysis carry out?
A. Regulation of rhythmic or cyclic processes
B. Rising the basic exchange of metabolites
C. Fastness to the stressful factors
D. Rising the secretion of endocrine glands
E. Innervation
187. The hypophysis independent organs are:
A. Parathyroid gland
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Thyroid gland
D. Testis
E. Ovary
188. What hormones are produced by parafollicular cells of a thyroid gland?
A. Calcitonin, somatostatin
B. Monoiodothyronin, diiodothyronin
C. Thyroglobulin
D. Thyroxine, triiodothyronin
E. Somatostatin, thyroxine
189. What hormones are produced by a zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex?
A. Aldosterone
B. Glucocorticoids
C. Androgens, estrogens
D. Noradrenalin, epinephrine
E. Aldosterone, androgens
190. What hormones are produced by a zona fasciculata of adrenal cortex?
A. Glucocorticoids
B. Aldosterone
C. Androgens, estrogens
D. Noradrenalin, epinephrine
E. Estrogens, adrenalin
191. What is the embryonic source of adrenal medulla?
A. Neuroblasts of nervous crests
B. Coelomic epithelium
C. Epithelium of a pharynx
D. Mesenchyme
E. Endoderm
192. Where do the centers of a hemopoiesis in bones settle down?
A. Is closer to an endosteum
B. In an osteon
C. In general plates
D. In a periosteum
E. Around vessels in the osteons
193. The precursors of T-lymphocytes enter the thymus from:
A. Red bone marrow
B. Spleen red pulp
C. Lymph node
D. Tonsil
E. Spleen white pulp
194. Lymph nodes develop from:
A. Mesenchyme
B. Endoderm
C. Ectoderm
D. Intestinal endoderm
E. Visceral mesoderm
195. Subcapsular sinus of lymph node is located in:
A. Between capsule and lymph follicle
B. Between follicles
C. Between medullary cords
D. In hilus of node
E. In connective tissue capsule
196. What forms a white pulp of a spleen?
A. Lymphatic nodules
B. Clump of monocytes
C. Clump of basophils
D. Clump of neutrophilic leucocytes
E. Dead leukocytes
197. What organ of immune system contains penicillar arterioles?
A. Spleen
B. Thymus
C. Red bone marrow
D. Tonsil
E. Lymph node
198. What zones are found in lymphatic nodules of a spleen?
A. Germinal center, marginal zone
B. Regional, center of duplication
C. Mantle regional
D. Periarterial, regional, mantle
E. Subcapsular, cortical, medullar sinuses
199. Name undifferentiated cells posed in a wall of a capillary around pericytes:
A. Adventitional cells
B. Fibrocytes
C. Smooth muscle cell
D. Fibroblasts
E. Macrophages
200. The restoration of defects of a vascular wall after its damage begins with:
A. Endothelium
B. Smooth muscle cells
C. Adventitial cells
D. Basal membrane
E. Connective tissue
201. The granules of natriuretic factor are found in what region of a heart:
A. Atrial muscle cells
B. Ventricular muscle cells
C. Atrial and ventricular muscles
D. Interventricular septum
E. Interatrial septum
202. The receptors of the primary type of sensory organs are formed by:
A. Dendrites of nerve cells
B. Sensoepithelial cells
C. Neurosecretory cells
D. Encapsulated and noncapsulated nerve endings
E. Neuroendocrine cells
203. Retina of eye and optic nerve develop from:
A. Neural tube
B. Endoderm
C. Neural crest
D. Mesenchyme
E. Ectoderm
204. Uvea and sclera of an eyeball develop from:
A. Mesenchyme
B. Ectoderm
C. Neural crest
D. Neural tube
E. Endoderm
205. Accommodative apparatus of an eye is submitted by:
A. Iris and ciliary body
B. Cornea and vitreous body
C. Cornea, lens, vitreous body
D. Retina and vitreous body
E. Iris and vitreous body
206. The peculiarity of corneal connective tissue stroma is:
A. Absence of blood vessels
B. Absence of fibroblasts
C. Presence of gags
D. Presence of collagen fibers
E. Presence of ground substance
207. How is 1-st neuron of a retina called?
A. Photoreceptor
B. Bipolar (associative)
C. Ganglionic
D. Multipolar
E. Motor
208. Layer of nerve fibers of a retina consists of:
A. Axons of ganglionic cells
B. Axons of bipolar cells
C. Dendrites of bipolar cells
D. Dendrites of ganglionic cells
E. Dendrites of photosensitive cells
209. Name a layer on which light enters the retina earlier in total:
A. Inner limiting membrane
B. Outer limiting membrane
C. Photoreceptor
D. Ganglionic
E. Pigment cells
210. Name the main distinctive attribute in a structure of rods and cones:
A. Structure of an outer segment
B. Cilium
C. Golgi complex
D. Structure of an inner segment
E. Mitochondria
211. Round window separates tympanic cavity of the middle ear from:
A. Scala tympani
B. Scala vestibuli
C. External ear
D. Scalae vestibuli and tympani
E. External ear
212. Oval window separates tympanic cavity of the middle ear from:
A. Scala vestibuli
B. Scalae vestibuli and tympani
C. External ear
D. Scala tympani
E. External ear
213. What cells of an inner ear cochlea are afferent and transmit nerve impulse to the brain?
A. Cells of spiral ganglion
B. Inner hair
C. Outer hair
D. Sensoepithelial
E. Pillar
214. What cells of inner ear are irritated by movements of cupula?
A. Cells of ampulae of semicircular canals
B. Cells of macula of saccule
C. Cells of organ of Corti
D. Cells of macula of utricle
E. Cells of vestibule