Download Name: Date Period Ch 28 Study Guide 1. During the first few months

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Ch 28 Study Guide
1. During the first few months following American entry into World War II:
A) national opinion was sharply divided about the war
B) national opinion was remarkably unified even though the war was going badly
C) national opinion was initially divided but soon unified by a string of impressive victories
D) national opinion was ambivalent and fairly uninvolved due to the so-called phony war
2. The Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway were significant in:
A) saving the Philippines from being invaded
B) thwarting the Japanese army’s drive through Burma
C) stemming the tide of Japanese advances in the Pacific
D) driving the last vestiges of American sea power from the Pacific
3. The first area to be liberated from Axis occupation by the Allies was:
A) France
B) Sicily
C) the Balkans
D) North Africa
4. The Soviet Union’s position regarding the American and British campaigns in North Africa
and Italy was to:
A) favor both because they tied down Axis forces
B) oppose both because they delayed the cross-channel invasion of France
C) oppose North Africa but favor Italy since it was closer to Germany
D) favor North Africa but oppose Italy because it was after the Stalingrad victory
5. With reference to World War II, the term “Holocaust” refers to:
A) Hitler’s “blitzkrieg” against Poland
B) Hitler’s campaign to exterminate the Jews
C) the American nuclear destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
D) the American effort to prevent Hitler’s extermination of the Jews
6. During the war years, the federal budget:
A) decreased by 20%
B) stayed the same
C) increased 100%
D) increased 1000%
7. Which region of the United States benefited most from wartime spending?
A) Northeast
B) Midwest
C) Plains
D) West
8. Three of the following statements accurately describe conditions of organized labor during
World War II. Which is the exception?
A) Union membership increased
B) There were no strikes, thanks to the “no-strike” pledge
C) Congress gave the president power to seize a struck war plant
D) The Little Steel formula set a 15 percent limit on wage increases
9. Government efforts to raise revenue and control inflation during World War II included three
of the following. Which is the exception?
A) selling war bonds
B) imposing direct price controls
C) balancing the federal budget
D) levying higher taxes on personal incomes
10. The War Production Board:
A) never gained as much power as the War Industries Board of World War I
B) caused a failure to meet the nation’s critical war needs
C) thrived under the political and administrative savvy of Donald Nelson
D) controlled all purchases by the nation’s armed forces during the war
11. Three of the following statements accurately describe or characterize black experiences
during World War II. Which is the exception?
A) Racial segregation was abolished in the military
B) The black migration from the rural South to industrial cities increased
C) Black organizations displayed greater military in putting forth their demands
D) Blacks had some success in influencing the federal government to reduce racial inequities
12. The two largest groups of migrants to American cities during World War II were:
A) Japanese-Americans and African-Americans
B) Mexican-Americans and Southern whites
C) African-Americans and Mexican-Americans
D) Native Americans and Chinese-Americans
13. The famous image of “Rosie the Riveter”:
A) symbolized the erosion of some of the prejudice against women working in traditionally male
jobs
B) symbolized a permanent change in the status of working mothers in the American economy
C) symbolized the continued categorization of women in jobs deemed appropriate for them by
male bosses
D) showed how women’s work was analogized to their traditional roles in the home
14. Which does not describe the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II?
A) The Supreme Court upheld their evacuation from the West Coast
B) Reparations were finally paid to evacuees about forty years after the war
C) Many of the evacuees were United States citizens
D) Outside California, there was widespread public opposition to the internment policy
15. The objective of the Manhattan Project was to develop:
A) the atomic bomb
B) synthetic rubber
C) a system of coastal defenses
D) a system for dispersion of civilian urban populations
16. Harry S. Truman came to national prominence and the vice presidency through:
A) chairing an investigative committee that exposed waste and corruption in wartime production
B) leading the southern conservative wing in Congress
C) managing Roosevelt’s re-nomination campaign at the Democratic convention
D) coordinating the planning of the D-Day invasion
17. In the final months of World War II in Europe, American and British forces:
A) pushed into the heart of Germany, while Soviet troops bogged down in Poland
B) entered Germany from the West and Soviet troops entered Germany from the east and
occupied Berlin
C) stalled along the Rhine River just outside Germany until they linked with Soviet forces
D) rushed toward Berlin to gain a “knock-out punch” on Hitler before the Soviet troops could
arrive in the capital city
18. Chinese-American relations were seriously strained during World War II because Chiang
Kaishek:
A) ordered General Joseph Stilwell to leave country
B) would not commit his full strength against the Japanese
C) would not allow United States bombers to operate from Chinese soil
D) had too-close ties with the Chinese communist forces under Mao Zedong
19. During World War II, the Japanese word “kamikaze” refered to:
A) atomic fallout
B) ritual disembowelment
C) the lightning speed with which the Japanese armies swept through Southeast Asia
D) a suicide mission in which a Japanese pilot purposely crashed his plane into an enemy ship
20. The Battle of Leyte Gulf:
A) demonstrated that the Japanese fleet was still strong enough to slow the potential American
invasion force
B) brought the Soviet Union into the Pacific war
C) all but destroyed Japan’s ability to continue serious naval warfare
D) stopped Japanese advance in the central Pacific near Guam and Midway
21. In the weeks before the dropping of the atomic bombs on Japan, Japanese political and
military leaders:
A) were united in their determination to continue the war
B) were united in their decision to seek peace
C) were split with some wishing to seek peace and others wishing to continue the fight
D) offered to surrender if they could keep control of Okinawa and Korea
22. The key facilities for development and production of the American atomic bomb were
located in:
A) New York City and Chicago
B) Tennessee, Washington, and New Mexico
C) Wyoming and Pennsylvania
D) Southern California, Georgia, and Oklahoma
23. The two cities on which the United States dropped atomic bombs were”
A) Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B) Hiroshima and Yokohama
C) Yokohama and Tokyo
D) Nagasaki and Tokyo
24. When did the Soviet Union enter the Pacific war against Japan?
A) in June 1941, right after Hitler attacked the Soviet Union
B) in December 1941, right after the bombing of Pearl Harbor
C) in February 1945, right after the Yalta Conference
D) in August 1945, about a week before the Japanese surrendered
25. When American soldiers returned home from the war, they found a national that looked:
A) largely the same as it did when they left
B) completely transformed by wartime rationing
C) completely transformed by the economic prosperity the war created
D) as different as the European and Asian nations they had left behind
26. The fundamental American strategic decision of World War II was
A) to attack Germany and Japan simultaneously with equal force
B) to concentrate naval forces in the Pacific and ground forces in Europe
C) to attack Germany first while using just enough strength to hold off Japan
D) to attack Germany and Japan from the “back door” routes of North Africa and China
27. The major exception to the relatively good American civil liberties record during World War
II was the treatment of
A) American Fascist groups
B) Japanese-Americans
C) Mexican-Americans
D) German-Americans
28. The wartime shortage of labor was partly made up by bringing into the work force such
groups as
A) teenage and elderly laborers
B) Japanese and Chinese immigrants
C) Mexican braceros and women
D) sharecroppers and inner-city residents
29. Besides African-Americans, another traditionally rural group who used service in the armed
forces as a springboard to postwar urban life were
A) Scandinavian-Americans
B) New England farmers
C) Indians
D) Japanese-Americans
30. The Japanese advance in the Pacific was finally halted at the battles of
A) Guadalcanal and Tarawa
B) Bataan and Corregidor
C) Guam and Wake Island
D) Coral Sea and Midway
31. The essential American strategy in the Pacific called for
A) securing bases in China from which to bomb the Japanese home island
B) carrying the war into Southeast Asia from Australia and New Guinea
C) advancing on as broad a front as possible all across the Pacific
D) “island hopping” by capturing only the most strategic Japanese bases and bypassing the rest
32. The U.S.-British demanded for “unconstitutional surrender” was
A) a sign of the Western Allies’ confidence in its ultimate victory
B) designed to weaken Japan’s and Germany’s will to resist
C) a weak verbal substitute for the promised “Second Front”
D) developed in close cooperation with the Soviet Union
33. Hitler’s last-ditch effort to stop the British and American advance in the west occurred at
A) the battle of Normandy
B) the Battle of Chateau-Thierry
C) the battle of the Bulge
D) the Battle of Rome
34. The second American atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of
A) Nagasaki
B) Hiroshima
C) Kyoto
D) Okinawa
35. The main objective of the Manhattan Project was to
A) break the German’s secret communications code
B) elect Franklin D. Roosevelt to a fourth term as president
C) rebuild New York City’s worst slum
D) develop the atomic bomb
E) liberate Germany’s concentration camps
36. The United States during World War II adopted all of the following strategies EXCEPT:
A) unconditional surrender
B) an eventual second front by invading Europe
C) victory in the European area first
D) support of de Gaulle’s Free French forces
E) use the atomic bombs on Germany and Japan
37. During World War II, women did all of the following EXCEPT:
A) work in factories
B) reaffirm traditional patterns for women’s lives
C) establish themselves as a vital part of the economy
D) participate in the war effort
E) define a new role in society
38. One of the most important domestic results of the war effort was:
A) complete employment for minority Americans
B) the end of discrimination for African Americans
C) the revitalization of the Federal Reserve System and the Securities and Exchange System
D) the swift ending of the Great Depression
39. During the Second World War, African Americans:
A) moved from the North to the South to fill vacated agricultural jobs
B) fought in a segregated military
C) received support from the Roosevelt administration for civil rights legislation
D) were not allowed to fight in the military
40. To ensure that Russia would join the war against Japan, President Roosevelt in 1945:
A) threatened to use the atomic bomb on Russian targets
B) gave Russia the secrets of the American atomic bomb
C) promised to assume half of the Russian war debt
D) made certain secret agreements concerning Russian territorial demands
41. Which of the following was the MAJOR reason President Truman used to justify his decision
to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in August 1945?:
A) he felt it would shorten the war and eliminate the need for an invasion of Japan
B) he wanted to send a strong warning message to the Russians to watch their step in the Pacific
after Japan was defeated
C) he believed it would be an appropriate revenge for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
D) he felt it would end up saving Japanese civilian lives, when compared to the causalities
expected from an invasion of Japan
E) once the bomb was completed, Truman felt he had to use it in order to justify developing it.
42. Issued by President Roosevelt in 1941, Executive Order No. 8802:
A) fully integrated the United States armed forces
B) assisted blacks attempting to move out of the South
C) required defense industries to make jobs available without discrimination based on race,
creed, color, or national origin
D) created a presidential commission to study and recommend ways to alleviate wge
discrimination based on race and sex
43. At the end of both World War I and World War II, the United States:
A) joined a multinational organization aimed at preserving world peace
B) formed military alliances with its allies to guard against invasion by mutual enemies
C) suffered through a recession that made the transition to peace time difficult
D) entered into a period of extreme anti-communism that led to the persecution of many
suspected radicals
MATCHING PEOPLE, PLACES, and EVENTS
_____ John L. Lewis
_____ Detroit
_____ Jiang Jieshi (Chian Kaishek)
_____ Douglas MacArthur
_____ Chester W. Nimitz
_____ Dwight D. Eisenhower
_____ Winston Churchill
_____ Joseph Stalin
_____ Thomas Dewey
_____ Harry S. Truman
_____ Albert Einstein
_____ Hirohito
_____ Henry A. Wallace
A. Commander of the Allied military assault against Hitler in
North Africa and France
B. Japanese emperor who was allowed to stay on his throne,
despite unconditional surrender policy
C. FDR’s liberal vice president during most of World War II,
dumped from the ticket in 1944
D. The Allied leader who constantly pressured the United
States and Britain to open a “second front” against Hitler
E. Site of a serious racial disturbance during World War II
F. Commander of the U.S. Army in the Pacific during World
War II, who fulfilled his promise to return to the Philippines
G. Inconspicuous former senator from Missouri who was
suddenly catapulted to national and world leadership on April
12, 1945
H. Tough head of the United Mine Workers, whose work
stoppages precipitated antistrike laws
I. Commander of the U.S. naval forces in the Pacific and
brilliant strategist of the “island-hopping” campaign
J. Allied leader who met with FDR to plan strategy at
Casablanca and Teheran
K. German-born physicist who helped persuade Roosevelt to
develop the atomic bomb
L. Republican presidential nominee in 1944 who failed in his
effort to deny FDR a fourth term
M. U.S. ally who resisted Japanese advances in China during
World War II
IDENTIFICATION
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
1. A U.S. minority that was forced into concentration camps during
World War II
2. Women’s units of the army and navy during World War II
3. Mexican-American workers brought into the United States to provide
an agricultural labor supply
4. Symbolic personification of female laborers who took factory jobs in
order to sustain U.S. production during World War II
5. Crucial naval battle of June 1942, in which U.S. Admiral Chester
Nimitz blocked the Japanese attempt to conquer a strategic island near
Hawaii
6. Controversial U.S. – British demand on Germany and Japan that
substituted for a “second front”
7. Site of 1943 Roosevelt-Churchill conference in North Africa, at
which the Big Two planned the invasion of Italy and further steps in the
Pacific war
8. The beginning of the Allied invasion of France in June 1944
9. The December 1944 German offensive that marked Hitler’s last
chance to stop the Allied advance
10. The devastating new weapon used by the United States against Japan
in August 1945