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Test Review Civil War 1861- 1865 1. Causes: Tariffs, Distribution of public lands, States Rights, Slavery 2. Northerners – Republican Party –Abolitionists Southerners – Democratic Party – blamed for the economic depression of the late 1850’s. 3. If Republicans won the election of 1860, South would secede from the Union. 4. Houston opposed secession – Most delegates to the Texas convention after the 1860 election favored secession. 5. Houston was removed from office when he refused to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy. 6. Confederate Constitution – States were given more power and the Federal Government was given less. 7. Jefferson Davis – President of the Confederacy 8. Robert E. Lee –Commander of the Confederate Army 9. Abraham Lincoln – President of the Union 10. First battle of the Civil War - April 12, 1861 – U.S. troops refused to evacuate Fort Sumter in Charleston, S.C. 11. 60,000 Texans served in the Confederacy, 1/3 E of Miss. R. 12.Union leaders wanted to gain control of Galveston because it had a busy seaport. 13. Union Navy used its ships to blockade Texas ports because it was a vital link in the Confederate chain of supplies 14. Despite a blockade to its ports, Texas continued to send cotton to Europe through Mexico. 15. East of the Mississippi – Hood’s Texas Brigade and Terry’s Texas Rangers were distinguished Confederate units. Continued on the back 16. April 9, 1865 – Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant 17. Lincoln shot by John Wilkes Booth 5 days after the surrender 18. May 13, 1865 – Last battle of the Civil War - Palmito Ranch (Brownsville) Confederate Victory. 19. Emancipation Proclamation – Freed Slaves in Texas June 19 - Juneteenth 20. Reconstruction – period of rebuilding Union; bringing back the seceded states. 21. Most former confederates felt the Radical Republicans’ plan for Reconstruction was too harsh. 22. The federal agency created to assist newly freed slaves was the Freedman’s Bureau. The Freedman’s Bureau helped former slaves in all of the following ways: finding them jobs, defending their rights in court, providing food and clothing. 23. The organization that used violence to prevent African Americans from voting was the Ku Klux Klan. 24. On March 3, 1870, President Grant signed a proclamation ending Reconstruction in Texas. 25.The president of the U.S. impeached during Reconstruction was Andrew Johnson. 26. 13th amendment – Abolished slavery 27. 14th amendment – Granted citizenship to former slaves 28. 15th amendment – Granted African American men the right to vote. 29. Dates of the Civil War – 1861-1865 30. Results of the Civil War: Slavery ended, more than 600,000 people died, and the Confederacy was defeated.