Download Skeleton, Muscles, Skin, Heart Quiz – Study Guide KEY

Integrated Science
Name ___KEY___________________________
Skeleton, Muscles, Skin, Heart Quiz – Study Guide KEY
Define (Matching Column)
Tendon Connects muscle to bone
Artery away from heart
Ligament Connects bone to bone
Vein To the heart
Epidermis Top layer of skin, mostly dead cells
Melanin color cell in epidermis
Dermis Bottom layer of skin, “good” stuff
Voluntary/Striated skeletal; can control
Cardiac Muscle Heart muscle, unique
Involuntary/Smooth smooth; no control
Vitamin D
Needed for calcium absorption
Sweat gland Your dermis has 3 million
Periosteum
Covers around bones
Joint where 2 bones meet
Cartilage
Covers ends of bones, cushions
Integumentary Skin, hair, nails
Skeleton/Bones
1. Know the 5 functions of the skeletal system. Shape and support; protect organs; place for
muscles to attach; Store Calcium and Phosphorus; Make red blood cells (in marrow)
2. Name 4 types of moveable joints (give examples of each)
a. Hinge (knee, fingers, elbow)
b. Gliding (wrist, vertebrae, ankle)
c.
d. pivot (neck)
Ball and Socket (shoulder, hip)
3. How many bones are in an adult? 206
4. Why are tendons stiff and ligaments flexible? Tendons must pull the bone; ligaments
must stretch with joint movement
Muscles
5. What determines the direction of motion of bones? Type of JOINT
6. What are the three types of muscles? Which is striated? Smooth? Voluntary (striated)
and involuntary (smooth), and cardiac
7. Identify (examples?) where each type of muscle is found. Voluntary: skeletal muscles;
Involuntary (smooth) = hollow organs (stomach, intestines, etc); cardiac = heart
8. Muscles get _short? or long?_ when contracted.
9. Why do muscles work in pairs? Muscles can only PULL in one direction, they need
another muscle to pull in the opposite direction
Heart and Circulation
10. Blood (unoxygenated) from your body enters the heart’s _Right Atrium first.
11. Blood leaves your heart through the pulmonary artery on its way to _the lungs__.
12. Blood leaves your heart through the aorta on its way to _rest of body_.
13. How many chambers does the human heart have? 4 (2 atria and 2 ventricles)
14. The largest artery in your body is the ___aorta__.
15. What determines the direction of blood flow? Valves (in heart or blood vessels)
Skin
16. What THREE things are found in sweat? Water, salt, urea
17. What are FIVE functions of the skin? Protection; contain sensory nerves, make vitamin
D, regulate body temperature, and excrete wastes
18. What is the largest organ of your body? The SKIN
19. How and where does your body make Vitamin D? in the epidermis in Sunlight
20. Why do people with severe burns die? They lose body fluids, dehydrate, and die
21. The thickest human skin is __2.5_ mm thick found on your _foot soles_.
22. What is the most serious type of skin caner? melanoma
Trivia/Bonus Q’s
How many times does your heart beat in your lifetime? 2.5 billion
Which animal has the thickest skin? Whale shark
Where is the “hole” in the heart that some babies are born with? In Septum between ventricles
The thickest human skin is _5 mm_ mm thick found on your _soles of feet_.