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Name the three functions of the skin
Name the three functions of the skin
 Protection
Name the three functions of the skin
 Protection
 Receptors perceive the environment
Name the three functions of the skin
 Protection
 Receptors perceive the environment
 Temperature Regulation
Integumentary System
 Explain the function
Integumentary System
 Skin is a multilayered organ that covers and protects
the body
The Structure of the Skin
 The epidermis
The Structure of the Skin
 The epidermis
 The dermis
The Structure of the Skin
 The epidermis
 The dermis
 The subcutaneous
Epidermis
 Epithelial cells
 10-30 cells thick
 Outer layer is Keratin
Waterproof
 Protects

Dermis
 Second layer
 15-40x thicker
 Connective tissues (don’t
tear)
 Contains: nerve cells,
muscle fibers, sweat
glands, oil glands and
follicles
Subcutaneous
 Third layer
 Connective tissue


Stores fat
Helps body retain heat
The Skeletal System
 Chapter 32.2
 The function of the skeletal system
The Skeleton System
 Provides a framework
 Protects internal organs
The Skeleton
 206 bones in the human
body
Axial Skeleton
 Skull
 Vertebral column
 Ribs
 Sternum
Appendicular Skeleton
 Shoulders
 Arms
 Hands
 Hips
 Legs
 Feet
Bones
 Connective tissue
 Classified by terms:
long, short, flat, irregular
Bones
 Compact bone
 Dense and strong
 Strength and protection
Bones
 Spongy bone
 Less dense
 Contains cavities for
marrow
Marrow
 Red
 Yellow
 Red and white blood cells
 Store fat
and platelets are
produced
Repair of Bone
 Fractures common
 Compound fracture
 Stress fracture
Repair of Bone
 Endorphins
 Inflamed or swollen
 Blood clot in 8 hours
 Callus forms
Repair of Bone
 Endorphins
 Inflamed or swollen
 Blood clot in 8 hours
 Callus forms
 Remodeling




Age
Nutrition
Location
Severity
Joints
 Two or more bones meet
 Ball-and-socket
 Pivot
 Hinge
 Gliding
 Sutures
Name the white material at the end of a bone
The Muscular System
 Three types of muscles
 Smooth
 Cardiac
 Striated
Smooth muscle
 Involuntary
 Can’t be controlled
 Esophagus, stomach and intestines
Cardiac Muscle
 Heart muscle
 Involuntary
 Network or web
Striated Muscle
 Skeleton muscles
 Voluntary
 Tendons – tough bands of connective tissue
 Connects to bone
ATP
 Produced in mitochondria
 contraction of muscles
 relaxation of muscles
Fast-twitch muscles
 Rapid short movements
 Fatigue easily
 Short burst of energy