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Chapter Two 2009 Review Review from Chapter One sociocultural view psychodynamic view humanistic view behavioral view cognitive view The scientific method How is psychology different from pseudoscience? Questions best answered using the scientific method. The only form of research that can determine cause and effect. Random assignment… Randomization Control groups, experimental groups Hypothesis Independent variable, dependent variable Controlling expectancy bias Quantified Replication The therapeutic touch experiment and its faults How are a sample and the population in an experiment different? Why some research questions cannot be answered using human experiments Correlational studies Correlation coefficient and what it reflects…strong and weak correlations Positive, negative, and zero correlation Survey Naturalistic observations Case studies Double-blind studies Why are participants uninformed about the real purpose of a study? Cohort-sequential studies Cross-sectional studies Expectancy bias The purpose of an Institutional Review Board Frequency distribution Range, mean, mode, median, statistical significance Examples of descriptive statistic Measures of central tendency Measures of central tendencies would be most affected by extreme scores What does the standard deviation represent in a set of data? What inferential statistics are used to determine?