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Chapter 6 and 15.1-15.3
Study Guide
NAME:__________________________________________________________
Microbiology BI234
Do to past cheating on study guides these guides MUST be written and
will not be accepted as a typed document.
What is the difference
between
macronutrients,
micronutrients, and
trace elements? Give
examples of each.
What are the two most
predominant
components of the cell?
Fill in the chart below:
Category
Photoautotroph
Chemoautotroph
Photoheterotroph
Chemoheterotroph
Saprobe
Parasite
What are the essential
nutrients for microbes?
What is the importance
of each in the cell?
Energy Source
Carbon Source Example
Describe diffusion in
detail. Include the
physics behind it, ie.
what are the molecules
doing?
What is a selectively
permeable membrane?
Draw what happens to a
cell when you put it into
hypertonic, hypotonic
and isotonic solutions.
What help protect
bacteria from this
osmotic pressure?
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Explain what could
happen if IV fluids are
not isotonic to the
patient.
What is the difference
between active and
passive transport?
What is endocytosis?
What is being
transported?
What is phagocytosis?
What is being
transported and what
cell carry this out?
What is pinocytosis?
What is being
transported?
Environmental factors
affect the microbes that
live there. What is being
affected most in the cell
from these
environmental factors?
What is the definition of
cardinal temperatures
for bacteria?
Some bacteria have
narrow cardinal
temperatures, some
broad. How might a
broad cardinal
temperature range help
a pathogen?
Fill in the chart below:
Temp range
Habitat
Temperature growth group
Psychrophiles
Psychrotrophs
Mesophile
Thermophile
Extreme Thermophile
What atmospheric gases
most influence microbial
growth?
A microbe’s relationship
with oxygen falls into
one of three categories:
Example
1.
2.
3.
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Why must a microbe be
able to process oxygen
to live in the presence of
it?
Describe how most
microbes neutralize
oxygen. What 2
enzymes are important
for this?
Oxygen pattern
Oxygen
exposure
Fill in the chart below:
Example
Description or drawing of culture
appearance
Aerobes
Microaerophiles
Facultative anaerobes
Anaerobes
Aerotolerent anaerobes
How can pH be
damaging to cells?
Give an example of both
an acidophile and
alkinophile and explain
why their nitch requires
this adaptation.
How do variation is
osmoic pressure effect
microbes?
How do we use osmotic
pressure to control
microbial growth in
some food types?
What effect does
radiation have on the
cell?
What is symbiosis?
What is the difference
between the following:
Mutualism,
commensalism, and
parasitism?
What is antagonism?
What is an example?
What is synergism?
What is an example?
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What are the steps of
building a biofilm?
How is a biofilm
important to the
organisms inhabiting it?
What is quorum
sensing?
Describe the steps of
binary fission. How does
this contribute to
exponential growth?
Define generation time.
What is a colony forming
unit (CFU)?
Draw the population
growth curve of
bacteria:
Fill in the chart below:
Growth phase
Lag phase
Explanation of what is occurring during phase
Description or drawing of culture
Exponential growth
phase
Stationary phase
Death phase
Explain why a person
shedding bacteria early
in an infection is more
likely to infect others
than a person shedding
later in an infection.
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Fill in the chart below:
Counting method
Explanation
Pros and Cons
Counting living
and/or dead cells?
Turbidity
Direct Counting
Genetic Probing
Sections 15.1-15.3
Fill in the chart below about methods of microbial ID
Type of testing
Description:
Phenotypic
Geneotype
Immunological
Describe the following
Microscopic Morphology:
phenotypic methods of
Identifying bacteria.
Macroscopic Morphology:
Physiological/Biochemical Characteristics:
Chemical Analysis:
Why does resident
microflora need to be
considered when
collecting patient
samples?
Describe the benefits of
selective and differential
media when identifying
the source of an
infection.
What is biochemical
testing actually testing?
(Biochemical is not the
answer)
What are some of the
most often used types of
biochemical tests?
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Describe phage testing.
What is one way to
determine if an isolated
specimen is clinically
important?
***Understanding of the underlined terms in this document is needed to succeed in this class. To further
study these terms do one of the following:
Make flash cards of all terms
Make a concept map of all terms (if you don’t know what this is look it up on Wikipedia)
Write out definitions of all terms
Or come up with your own way of studying these terms. Just make sure to ok it with me to make sure you’ll
get your extra credit.
This must be turned in attached to this study guide at the time the study guide is due!!!!
What’s working well and
what’s a suggestion to
help things work better?
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