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Chapter 17 – Invertebrates Vocabulary Invertebrate – an animal that does not have a backbone. Symmetry – arrangement of individual body parts; can be radial or bilateral. Polyp – vase shaped body of a cnidarians that is attached to the ground. Medusa – bell shaped body of a cnidarians that can swim or move. Mantle – thin layer of tissue that covers a mollusk’s body and that can secrete a shell. Radula – scratchy, tonguelike organ in many mollusks that has rows of teethlike projects used to scrape and grate food. Closed Circulatory System – a type of blood circulation system in which blood is transported through blood vessels rather than washing over organs. Open Circulatory System – a type of blood circulation system that lacks blood vessels and in which blood washes over the organs. Appendage – structure such as a claw, leg, or antenna that grows from the body. Exoskeleton – rigid, protective body covering of an arthropod that supports the body and reduces water loss. Metamorphosis – a change in body form that can be complete or incomplete.