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Name: ____________________________ Period: _____ Date: _______________________
The Human Anatomy Book
BIOLOGY: CH 35 - 40
Overview of the Human Organ Systems Pgs 892-893
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Anatomy Quiz 1
Levels of Organization /Body Tissues
Body Systems Overview Chart
Anatomy Quiz 2
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Integumentary System
Anatomy Quiz 3
Endocrine System
Nervous System
Anatomy Quiz 4
Lymphatic System
Circulatory System
Respiratory System
Anatomy Quiz 5
Digestive System
Excretory System
______________________: smallest unit of structure and function
in living things.
______________________: a group of similar cells working
together.
______________________: a group of different tissues working
together to do a specific job.
______________________: a group of different organs working
together to do a specific job.
________________________: a living thing that carries out its own life
activities.
The ______________ _____________
is an organ of the body that contains all
four types of tissues. Most organs are
made up of the four types of tissues,
but they are organized in different
ways.
TISSUE
Epithelial
(fast growth for quick
replacement)
Connective
Nervous
Muscle
FUNCTIONS
LOCATION / EXAMPLE
#
Name
1.
Nervous System
2.
Integumentary
System
3.
Respiratory System
4.
Digestive System
5.
Excretory System
6.
Skeletal System
7.
Muscular System
8.
Circulatory System
9.
Endocrine System
10.
Reproductive
System
11.
Immune/Lymphatic
Systems
Functions
Major Organs
Main Function: _______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Non-Specific
1st Line of Defense
Kill, trap and prevent
pathogens from entering the
body.
2nd Line of Defense
Inflammatory Response
(fights ___________ infections)
Skin: _________________________________________
Body Secretions: _______________________________
Body Openings: _______________________________
Inflammation: ________________________________
_____________________________________________
Fever: ______________________________________
____________________________________________
Specific
3rd Line of Defense
(fights ____________ infections)
Includes the two types of
immunity: Humoral and CellMediated
Antigens: _________________________________________
Antibodies: _______________________________________
White Blood Cells: __________________________________
 B cells: ______________________________________
 T cells: ______________________________________
 Phagocytes: __________________________________
HUMORAL IMMUNITY:
CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY:
This occurs when exposure to certain
diseases produce permanent immunity
because it stimulates B cells in the immune
system to make antibodies when antigens
are detected.
When antibodies are not able to defeat a
pathogen, specialized lymphocytes take over
the job. List the function for each:
Structure of an Antibody
Antibodies bind to antigens
at 2 sites, clumping them
together. Phagocytes then
come in and digest them.
Function:
Helper T cells
Killer T cells
Suppressor T cells
Memory T cells
IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS
Allergies: inflammatory response caused by an over-reaction of the immune system to __________.
Asthma: severe allergic response which _______________________________.
_____________________ - the immune system mistakes its own body’s cells as foreign and attacks
them. Two examples are Multiple Sclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Main Function: ______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
PARTS
Lymph
Lymph Vessel
Lymph Node
Tonsils
Spleen
Thymus Gland
DESCRIPTION/FUNCTION
Label the diagram below with the parts
in the chart on the left.
Main Function: _______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Male Anatomy
Part
Penis
Function
Label the diagram below with the correct parts
listed to the left.
Urethra
Scrotum
Testes
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Prostate gland
Bladder
Ureter
Seminal
vesicle
Rectum
Female Anatomy
Part
Function
Ovary
Fallopian Tube
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Labia
Label the diagram below with the
correct parts listed to the left
Consists of: _______________________________________
MAIN FUNCTIONS:
1. _____________________________________
3. __________________________________
_____________________________________
__________________________________
2. _____________________________________
4. __________________________________
_____________________________________
__________________________________
PARTS OF THE BLOOD:
Label the parts of blood:
Part
Function
Plasma
Red Blood
Cells
White Blood
Cells
Platelets
Types of Blood Vessels:
Blood Vessel
Label the different blood vessels:
Function
Artery
Vein
Capillary
Heart Parts:
Part
Heart
Septum
Atrium (Atria)
Ventricle(s)
Function
How the Heart Works
The heart has two separate pumps…
Pumping
Pathway
Side of
Heart
Pulmonary
Circulation
(lungs)
Systemic
Circulation
(body
tissues)
Circulatory System Diseases / Conditions
Leukemia
Hemophilia
Arteriosclerosis
Stroke
High Blood Pressure
Label the parts of respiration:
Part
Function
Nose Mouth
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Lung
Diaphragm
Mechanics of Breathing
Draw a diagram illustrating what the
diaphragm and chest cavity do during
the following processes.
Inhalation:
Exhalation:
Main Function: ___________________________________
Part
A.
Function & Enzymes / Secretions
Involved
B.
Mouth &
Salivary
Glands
C.
D.
Esophagus
E.
Stomach
F.
H.
Small Intestine
G.
Large Intestine
(colon)
A. ___________________
Rectum
B. ___________________
C. ___________________
D. ___________________
E. ___________________
Other Organs Involved in Digestion
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder
F. ___________________
G. ___________________
H. ___________________
Label the parts of diagram:
MAIN FUNCTION: _____________________
Organ
Function
Kidney:
Ureter:
Urinary
bladder:
Urethra:
Other Organs of Excretion
Lung:
Skin:
Control of Kidney Function
What is ADH?_____________________________________________________________________________
Actions of ADH as a Feedback Mechanism.
__________ amount of
water in blood and
__________amount of
urine produced.
Tells pituitary that
amount of
________ in blood
is low.
Tells pituitary that
amount of
________ in blood
is high.
Releases
__________ into
bloodstream.
Stops releasing
__________ into
bloodstream
Reabsorb more /
less water.
Reabsorb more /
less water.
____________ amount of
water in blood and
_________ amount of
urine produced.
MAIN FUNCTIONS:
1. ______________________
STRUCTURES
*Label on
picture
DESCRIPTION / FUNCTION
______________________
2. ______________________
*Compact bone
______________________
3. ______________________
*Spongy bone
______________________
4. ______________________
*Bone marrow
______________________
5. ______________________
*Cartilage
______________________
PROBLEMS:
_____________________is a
weakening of bones due to loss
of calcium that is more common
in older women.
Ligament
Tendon
3 TYPES
OF JOINTS
1. Immovable (fixed) joint
• movement:_______________________
JOINTS
• ex.__________________________
a. Ball-and-Socket
• movement:________________________
• ex.___________________________
2. Freely Moveable joint
b. Hinge
• movement: wide range of movement
• movement:_____________________
• ex. bone ends covered in cartilage
• ex.________________________
3. Slightly Movable joint
• movement:_______________________
c. Gliding
•
movement:___________________________
• ex.__________________________
• ex: ___________________________
MAIN FUNCTION: _____________________________
____________________________________________
Interaction of Muscles, Bones and Nerves
MUSCLE
TYPE
1. ___________________communicate
LOCATION IN BODY
with muscle fibers, causing them to
Skeletal -
_________________ and do work.
__________
2. Skeletal muscles attach to bone by
(strength)
___________ and are found in pairs.
When one contracts, the opposite
Smooth -
muscle relaxes, creating ________ &
__________
(hold)
_________.
3. When a muscle contracts, its length
Cardiac -
gets_________. When it relaxes, it gets
__________
_________.
(endurance)
CONSISTS OF: ______________________
___________________________________
MAIN FUNCTIONS:
PART
Label on
picture
FUNCTION / DESCRIPTION
Epidermis
1. ________________________________
2. ________________________________
3. ________________________________
Dermis
4. ________________________________
5. ________________________________
Hair &
Nails
The Skin
blood
vessels
muscle
Skin Cancer
Excessive exposure to the sun’s UV radiation can
produce skin cancer. The most severe and fatal type of
skin cancer is called malignant melanoma.
Signs to look for:_________________________
sweat
gland
fat
nerve
oil gland
hair
follicle
________________________________________
CONSISTS OF:
Glands -_____________________________
MAIN FUNCTION:__________________
____________________________________
_________________________________
Hormone - ____________________________
_________________________________
____________________________________
Glands and the Hormones they Release:
ENDOCRINE
GLAND
HORMONE
EXAMPLE
Pituitary
Gland
Human
Growth
Hormone
Thyroid
Gland
Thyroxin
Pancreas
Insulin
Adrenal
Gland
Adrenaline
Ovary
Estrogen &
Progesterone
Testes
Testosterone
FUNCTION
DISORDERS
INTERACTION OF GLANDS:
Hypothalamus:
The hypothalamus is located in the
______________ and controls the release
of hormones from the
____________________ gland. It is an
important link between the endocrine and
_________________ systems.
The brain and glands work together to
maintain homeostasis through a process
called negative and positive ___________
__________________.
The feedback the brain gets is from the information it collects as the hypothalamus monitors the bloodstream.
MAIN FUNCTION: ___________________________________________
CONSISTS OF: _____________________________________________
A __________ is an organ containing a bundle of nerve cells called ____________. Neurons carry
electrical messages called ________________ throughout the body. Because neurons never touch,
chemical signalers called ____________________ must travel through the space called _______________
between two neurons.
Main Parts of a Neuron:
muscle
tissue
dendrite
axon
Cell Body: __________________________
____________________________________
Dendrites:___________________________
____________________________________
cell
body
Axon: ______________________________
____________________________________
TYPICAL MOTOR NEURON
3 Types of Neurons:
Sensory neuron:
______________________
______________________
Interneuron:
______________________
______________________
Motor neuron:
______________________
______________________
synapse
Nerves and Muscles
REFLEX ARC
Nerves work together with
muscles for movement. An
impulse begins when one neuron
is stimulated by another neuron or
by the sense organs. The impulse
travels down the axons of
_______________________
_____________ to the brain cells
called _____________________.
The brain will then send an
impulse through _____________
______________________ to the
necessary muscle or organs,
telling it to contract.
A _____________ is an involuntary
response that is processed in the
____________________________
not the brain.
Sensory
neuron
Motor
neuron
Muscle
Interneuron
in spinal
cord
Two Main Divisions of the Nervous System
1. Central Nervous System
Consists of the ________ & ____________________________
Part to label
Cerebrum
brain
Cerebellum
Medulla
Oblongata
(brainstem)
Spinal cord
2. Peripheral Nervous System
Consists of the __________________ division & __________________ division.
Function