Download SBI4U: Unit 2 Review, Metabolic Processes SAMPLE TEST

SBI4U: Unit 2 Review, Metabolic Processes SAMPLE TEST QUESTIONS
1. Explain the process of an oxidation-reduction reaction. What is the difference between an oxidizing
agent and a reducing agent? Explain how this type of reaction is central to both aerobic cellular
respiration and photosynthesis.
2. Which element is typically reduced in biological reactions? What element does it combine with to
become reduced?
3. Explain exergonic and endergonic reactions using a potential energy diagram. How do enzymes change
the diagrams?
4. What are the three specific goals of aerobic cellular respiration?
5. What are the four main stages of aerobic cellular respiration?
6. Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.
7. What is the role of NAD+ and FAD (and subsequently NADH and FADH2) in cellular respiration? What
do they do, where are they made?
8. Summarize the 2 major phases of glycolysis. Be able to understand the role of glucose, fructose 1-6
bisphosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate and
pyruvate. How many ATP and NADH are generated in glycolysis?
9. What would happen after glycolysis if there was no oxygen in a muscle cell? In a yeast cell? Draw a
simple diagram to illustrate the reaction. Besides no oxygen being present, why does this happen?
10. Sketch and label a diagram of a mitochondrion. Indicate where the stages of cellular respiration occur.
11. Describe the three reactions that occur in pyruvate oxidation. Where do these reactions take place?
12. Follow oxaloacetate around the Krebs Cycle and indicate where decarboxylation and oxidation occur.
What are the main products of the Krebs Cycle per molecule of glucose?
13. Explain what happens to NADH and FADH2 at the inner mitochondrial membrane. Where do the
electrons go? What happens to the protons?
14. Define electrochemical potential energy and explain how a proton gradient is generated.
15. What happens to the NADH made in glycolysis? How do NADH and FADH2 differ with respect to ETC
and what is the end result.
16. What is the Proton-Motive Force? How is it involved in chemiosmotic production of ATP?
17. Who discovered the Citric Acid Cycle? Who coined the term “chemiosmosis?” What should it really be
called?
18. What it the ATP made in cellular respiration used for?
19. What is the role of oxygen in the ETC? Role of water?
20. Sketch a diagram of a chloroplast and label it. Indicate where the processes of photosynthesis occur.
21. Describe 3 types of photosynthetic pigments. Why do photosystems use groupings of more than one
type of pigment?
22. Define: light harvesting complex/antenna complex, reaction centre, photosystem, primary electron
acceptor.
23. Summarize the key events of Non-cyclic electron flow. Why is it so-called?
24. Explain the similarities and differences between the electron transport chains occurring in the
mitochondria with the electron transport chain associated with photosystem II.
25. Summarize cyclic electron flow. When would a plant use cyclic electron flow instead of non-cyclic?
26. Outline the 3 Phases of the Calvin Cycle. What is the end product of photosynthesis? What forms can it
be in and what does the plant do with the different forms?
27. How are the Light reactions and the Calvin cycle linked?
28. Energy changes forms twice during photosynthesis. What are these changes?
29. What are 3 ways you could you limit the rate of photosynthetic activity?
30. Explain the main differences between C3 and C4 plants. Explain the differences exhibited by CAM
plants.