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Living organisms are composed of about ____ different elements.
PROTONS and NEUTRONS (found in the ___________have almost identical masses.
ELECTRONS are approximately 1/
the mass of a proton.
What is matter: anything that occupies space and has mass.
Circle the following items that are made up of matter:
SOUND
GRAVITY
A RAINBOW
PANTS
BACON PIZZA
LIGHT
LOBSTER
GLUCOSE
HEAT
KIM KARDASHIAN
THEORY OF RELATIVITY
A BASEBALL
What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?
A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. A compound is
a molecule that contains at least two different elements. All compounds are molecules
but not all molecules are compounds.
MOLECULE:
COMPOUND:
Circle the molecules. ‘Square’ the compounds.
H2
H20
C6H12O6
CO2
H
CH4
NaCl
ISOTOPE:
SAME # OF ____________ and _____________, DIFFERENT # OF __________________
Isotopes of an element behave identically in chemical reactions.
What is the Atomic # and the atomic mass of the isotope Carbon 14?
Atomic #:
Atomic Mass:
IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND: The electron arrangement determines
__________________________________________________________________________________.
This means that depending on how many electrons an atom has, and where those electrons are placed
around the nucleus, an atom exhibits varying properties. Also, the number of electrons in the valence
shell determines the chemical properties of an atom.
For example, noble gases are reluctant to react because their valence shell is completely full.
Oppositely, atoms whose valence shells are not full tend to react chemically and form bonds with other
atoms.
Fun fact: the farther an electron is from the nucleus, the greater its energy. Why??
UNEQUAL ELECTRON SHARING CREATES ______________________ MOLECULES
When atoms are bonded together, if their electronegativity is very different, one is puller much more
strongly on the bonded electrons than the other atom. This creates an unequal pull on the electrons.
This is called polarity.
Draw the Lewis Dot structure for CH4. Do you think it is polar or non-polar?
Is H2 polar or non-polar?
Is 02 polar or non-polar?
What about H20? WHY?
Read section 2.9. As a class, let’s write our own definition of what a POLAR MOLECULE is. Then, let’s
write two key concepts about polar molecules.
Polar Molecule:
1.
2.
Turn to page 30 in your text. For the next 10-15 minutes, NEATLY recreate this concept map on a piece
of computer paper.
When you are done with this concept map, answer the following questions on page 30 and 31.