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Chapter 12: The Age of Jackson (1824-1840)
Section 1: Politics of the People
Objectives:
1. To explain the importance of the 1824 election
2. To analyze Jacksonian democracy and the expansion of voting rights
3. To explain why Jackson was known and “the people’s president”
4. To evaluate Jackson’s use of the spoils system to begin a new political era
As you read answer the following questions.
The Election of 1824
1. Why was the election of 1824 decided by the House of Representatives?
2. How did Clay help Adams win the election?
Jacksonian Democracy
1. How did Jackson portray himself and Adams in the campaign of 1824?
2. What does the phrase “Jacksonian democracy” mean?
3. How were voting rights still limited?
The People’s President / Jackson Takes Office
1. What events in Jackson’s past had increased his popularity and made him nationally known?
2. How did Jackson’s supporters celebrate his inauguration?
A New Political Era Begins
1. What was the spoils system, and why was it controversial?
2. What important issues did Jackson face as president?
Chapter 12: The Age of Jackson (1824-1840)
Section 2: Jackson’s Policy Toward Native Americans
Objectives:
1. To explain the conflict between whites and Native Americans in the Southeast
2. To evaluate Jackson’s removal policy
3. To describe the hardships of the Trail of Tears
4. To explain how Native American groups in the East resisted removal
As you read answer the following questions.
Native Americans in the Southeast / The Cherokee Nation
1. What were the conflicts between whites and Native Americans in the Eastern states?
2. How had the Cherokee adapted to living among white settlers?
3. Why did whites pressure the government to force the Cherokee out of Georgia?
Jackson’s Removal Policy
1. Why did Jackson believe the government had the right to decide where Native Americans
could live?
2. How did Jackson propose to solve the problem of Native American protests?
3. How did the Indian Removal Act affect Native Americans in the Southeast?
The Trail of Tears
1. How did the Cherokee fight the takeover of their lands in Georgia?
2. How did the Supreme Court rule on the Cherokee case, and why was Jackson able to ignore
this ruling?
3. Why is the journey of the Cherokee to Indian Territory known as the Trail of Tears?
Native American Resistance
1. How did some Native American groups in the Southeast resist removal?
2. What were the causes and the outcome of the Second Seminole War, and what part did
Osceola play in Seminole resistance?
3. Besides the Southeastern tribes, what other groups were forced to move to Indian Territory?
Chapter 12: The Age of Jackson (1824-1840)
Section 3: Conflicts Over States’ Rights
Objectives:
1. To identify the issues that led to rising sectional differences
2. To explain how the “Tariff of Abominations” led to a crisis over nullification
3. To analyze the issues in the debate over states’ rights
4. To describe how South Carolina’s threat to secede was resolved
As you read answer the following questions.
Rising Sectional Differences
1. Why did Northerners and Westerners disagree over the sale of public land?
2. What were the differences among the sections on internal improvements and tariffs?
Tariff of Abominations / Crisis over Nullification
1. Why did the tariff of 1828 anger Southerners?
2. What was the doctrine of nullification?
3. How did Calhoun apply that doctrine to the “Tariff of Abominations”?
The States’ Rights Debate
1. Why did the theory of nullification develop into a national debate?
2. What was the importance of the Webster-Hayne debate in Congress?
3. How did the nullification issue make Jackson and Calhoun political enemies?
South Carolina Threatens to Secede
1. How did Southerners protest the tariffs?
2. What was Jackson’s response to South Carolina’s threat to secede?
3. How was the tariff controversy settled?
Chapter 12: The Age of Jackson (1824-1840)
Section 4: Prosperity and Panic
Objectives:
1. To explain why conflict erupted over the Second Bank of the United States
2. To describe how Jackson destroyed the bank
3. To analyze how economic prosperity turned into depression
4. To explain how the Whig Party won the election of 1840
As you read answer the following questions.
Mr. Biddle’s Bank
1. Why was the Second Bank of the United States important, and what was Nicholas Biddle’s
role in it?
2. Why did Jackson oppose the bank?
Jackson’s War on the Bank
1. How did Jackson justify his veto of the bank charter?
2. How did the bank issue affect the presidential campaign of 1832?
3. How did Jackson drive the national bank out of business?
Prosperity Becomes Panic
1. How did Jackson’s use of “pet banks” cause inflation?
2. How did the Panic of 1837 lead to a nationwide depression?
3. What were the economic consequences of the depression?
The Rise of the Whig Party / The Election of 1840
1. How did Clay’s and Webster’s ideas about the economy differ from Van Buren’s?
2. What did the Whig Party stand for, and why did Whigs choose Harrison as their candidate?
3. How did the Whigs try to win the votes of the common people in 1840?