Download The causes of the Civil War

Era 5
Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877)
Standard 1
The causes of the Civil War
Standard 2
The course and character of the Civil War and its effects on the
American people
Standard 3
How various reconstruction plans succeeded or failed
Standard 1: The causes of the Civil War
Standard 1A: The student understands how the North and South
differed and how politics and ideologies led to the Civil War.
Effects of Mexican War & Issues over what to do with “new” land (346-347)
The Crisis of 1850 (362)  Map, p. 363
John Calhoun; Henry Clay; Daniel Webster; Stephen Douglas
Compromise of 1850
Significance of Fugitive Slave Law (363)
Significance of Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin in the “white north” (364)
Nativist movement against immigrants (365)
Know-Nothings
Involvement in 1854-1855 politics
Displaces Whig Party in New England
Expansionism (366-367)
Gadsden Purchase
Cuba/Ostend Manifesto
Kansas-Nebraska 1854 (367-68)
Kansas Nebraska Act & Popular Sovereignty
Invalidated Missouri Compromise
Bleeding Kansas (383)
Preston Brook’s attack on Charles Summer
John Brown
Election of 1856 (Map, 387)  James Buchanan
Republican Fremont, Democrat Buchanan, American Fillmore
Distribution of votes show no one party has mass support
Issues over abolitionism, “Slave Power,” Religion
Dred Scott 1856 (388-389)
History
Chief Justice Taney’s decision
Citizens’ rights to sue
Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
Effects of Financial Panic of 1857 (389)
Lecompton Constitution in Kansas 1857 (391)
Lincoln-Douglass Debates (391)
Backgrounds
Positions on slavery and pop sovereignty
“Restrained anti-slavery”
John Brown and Harpers Ferry 1859 (393)
History with “bleeding Kansas”
Goal & Day of attack
Effects on North and South (The Meteor)
Election of 1860 (Map, 395)
“Two separate elections”
South’s reaction to Lincoln’s win
South Carolina takes lead in secession
Jefferson Davis
Lincoln becomes president (397)
Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861 (398)
Standard 2: The course and character of the Civil War and its effects on the
American people and how the war ended as it did.
Standard 2A: The student understands how the resources of the
Union and Confederacy affected the course of the war
Union & Confederacy*
Map of states seceding after Fort Sumter (405)
Advantages & Disadvantages at Outset of War
The Numbers (404)
North – 4x
South – slave pop
Conscription
The Strategies (406)
North’s Anaconda Plan
South’s Defensive Plan
Conscription
Leadership (406)
South’s “better generals”
Immigrant troops
Professional vs. amateur troops
Paying for War (413)
South currency & inflation
Legal Tender Act in North
Confederate Home Front (414)
Inflation
Crop depletion
Poor Southerners
The Navies (414)
Union initial advantage
Confederate contracts with GB
Southern blockade runners
Diplomacy (416)
Trent Affair
Great Britain and France
Slavery Under Attack 1862 (423)
Contrabands
McClellan & Copperheads
Emancipation Proclamation
Politics: Winter 1863-1864 (445)
Oath of Loyalty
Congressional elections in the South
Election of 1864 (449)
Electoral Map, p. 450
13th Amendment – Jan, 1865 (451)
Est. of Freedman’s Bureau (451)
Appomattox & Assassination (451)
Costs & Consequences of War (452)
Loss of life (Chart, 453)
South’s Economy
Nationalized markets in North
War’s Legacy (456-457)
The Battles
The First Battle – Bull Run/Manassas (408)
Beauregard; Stonewall Jackson
West Point Grads
Manifestations of Advantages and Disadvantages
1861-1862 (412-418)
McClellan
War in West – Mississippi River; Border States
Rivers in the West (416) Grant (Map, 417)
Battles in TN
Union’s use of riverboats
North Carolina
USS Merrimack/USS Virginia
1862: Union on the Offensive (418-422)
Eastern Campaign to take Richmond
Western Campaign at Shiloh
New Orleans
Campaigns in Virginia & Maryland (Map 424)
Antietam (426)
Bloodiest single day of the war
Justification for Emancipation Proclamation
Stalemate (427)
Summer 1863 (438-441)
Vicksburg & Gettysburg (Map 439)
Gettysburg Address (443)
1864-1865 (446-451)
Sherman in Atlanta (446)
Grant & Lee in Virginia, Map. p. 447
Sherman’s March to the Sea (451)
Standard 2B : The student understands the social experience of the
war on the battlefield and home front.
Women and War (410)
Nurses (Dorothea Dix)
Primary Sources – Louisa May Alcott, etc. (411)
Clara Barton, American Red Cross
On the Battlefield & Life in the Field
Sanitary Commission (420)
Soldiers – misery & purpose to fight (433-434)
African American Soldiers (437)
The Draft
Confederate Draft 1862 (422)
Union Conscription Act 1863 (436)
Problems with Civilian Support
Riots & loss of civilian support in the South (435)
NYC Draft riots (441)
Prisons (446)
Standard 3: How various reconstruction plans succeeded or failed
Standard 3A: The student understands the political controversy over
Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson’s plan for reunion (458)
South responds with Black Codes (459)
Moderate Plan vs. Radical Republican for Reconstruction (459)
Citizenship (14th Amendment ratified) & Suffrage
Military Rule
Loyalty Oaths
KKK – 1866 (460)
Radical Reconstruction Act (461)
Provisions
Impeachment of Johnson (461, 468)
Carpetbaggers & Scalawags (461)
Scaling back of Reconstruction (462)
Election of 1868/Grant (469)
15th Amendment (469-470)
Standard 3B: The student understands the Reconstruction programs
to transform social relations in the South
Popular reaction to Emancipation in the South (453)
Freedman’s Bureau (455)
Black Mobilization (456-458)
Role of the Church (457-458)
The Black School (458)
Standard 3C: The student understands the successes and failures of
Reconstruction in the South, North, and West.
Rise of KKK (471)
KKK Act of 1871 + Federal Troops (472)
Farmers & Railroads in the South & West (473)
Federal aid
The Grange
Munn v. Illinois
Indian Policy in West
The Peace Policy & Reservations (474 & Map, p. 475)
Killing of buffalo (474 + 476)
Custard’s Last Stand; Sioux of Black Hills
Woman Suffrage? (475-477)
Susan B. Anthony
Educational opportunities
Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
At Work: some gains, but still “second class citizens”
“The Failure of Reconstruction” (484-485)
Effect of Panic of 1873
North’s support fades
Black participation in Southern politics
Democrat resurgence
Grant’s scandals
14 & 15th “unfulfilled promises.”
Election of 1876 (Map, p. 488)
Compromise of 1877 (488-489)