Download Elements and Compounds TEST

Study Guide for 1st Semester EXAM – 2013-2014
1. About 99% of the Earth's atmosphere is made up of
10. Flammable means able to burn.
nitrogen and oxygen.
11. A chemical change has taken place if a
2. Compounds must be made up of two or more
elements.
new substance has formed.
12. Substances that are less dense float on substances
3. What is the smallest part of an element that still
retains properties of that element? An atom
that are more dense.
13. Changes in matter are classified as physical or
4. Oxygen, represented by the symbol O, is classified as
an element
chemical.
5. List the major elements in Earth’s crust:
Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, and iron _
14. List five indications (signs) that a chemical change is
taking place:
Production of a gas
_____________________________________________
Production of a precipitate
_____________________________________________
Change in temperature, color, smell, etc
_____________________________________________
Production of light
6. What is the most common gas in the earth’s
atmosphere? Nitrogen
15. Give an example of chemical energy.
Food, gasoline, natural gas, biomass
7. Classify the following properties as physical or
chemical:
(Hints: Can you observe the property without changing
the matter? Reactivity is always a chemical property.)
16. During energy transformations some energy is
Property
malleability
color
thermal conductivity
reactivity with oxygen
flammability
reactivity with acid
density
volume
solubility
Physical
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
17. A battery converts chemical energy into
electrical energy for human use.
Chemical
18. Kevin goes bowling. Whenever he bowls the ball,
he transfers energy from his hand to the bowling
ball. The amount of energy before the transfer is
equal to the amount of energy after the transfer.
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
19. What sort of energy is found in the spring of a
set mousetrap? Potential mechanical energy
8. Classify the following changes as physical or
chemical:
(Hints: Has new matter been formed? Reactions are
always chemical changes.)
Change
silver tarnishing
baking a cake
melting
rusting
burning
dissolving
copper reacting with air
bleaching
breaking a pencil
stretching
Physical
Chemical
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXXXX
9. What is streak? The color of the dust of a mineral
made on a streak plate.
always transformed into …? Heat/thermal energy
20. What is the name of the hardness scale used to
classify minerals?
Mohs hardness scale
21. In your own words define:
 Conduction: thermal energy transfer through
a substance without the particles of the
substance moving
 Convection: thermal energy transfer through
a substance by currents
 Radiation: energy transfer through space by
means of electromagnetic waves
22. Thermal energy is transferred as heat from a
27. What are the properties of metals?
warmer object to a cooler object until they reach the
Metals are malleable, ductile, have luster,
same temperature.
and conduct heat and electricity.
23. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
28. Fill in the blanks in the following table:
24. List some renewable, nonrenewable, and
inexhaustible energy resources:
Energy Resources
Renewable
Nonrenewable
Inexhaustible
Wind
Nuclear
Wind
Solar
Petroleum (oil)
Solar
Biomass
Natural Gas
Geothermal
Hydrogen
Propane
Hydropower
Coal
Element Name
Chemical Symbol
Hydrogen
H
Phosphorus
P
Potassium
K
Iron
Fe
Sodium
Na
29. What is the energy transformation in a fan?
Geothermal
Electrical energy to mechanical enery
25. How is mineral hardness measured?
A harder mineral will scratch a softer mineral
30. What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?
Fossil fuels cause pollution and are nonrenewable.
26. Calculate the densities of the following
substances. Use the griddables below to record your
answers:
Volume
Mass
1
26 cm3
78 g
2
47 cm3
249.1 g
3
16 cm3
51.2 g
4
Julius has a cube of metal that measures 2 cm
on a side. Its mass is 80.8 grams. What is its
density?
3
5
2
10
1