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3 Essential Prefixes and More
Student Objectives
After completing Chapter 3, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Write the meaning of Chapter 3 word parts, or match word parts with their meanings.
2. Use prefixes for numbers, quantities, position, and direction to write medical terms.
3. Use combining forms for colors to write medical terms.
4. Identify and combine word parts correctly, and use clues to write medical terms.
5. Write the correct term when presented with its definition, or match terms with their definitions.
6. Build and analyze medical terms with Chapter 3 word parts.
7. Spell medical terms correctly.
Classroom Activities
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
Matching Prefixes
Writing Combining Forms
Writing the Meanings of Word Parts
Writing Suffixes
Writing Combining Forms
Writing Terms: Colors
Writing Terms: Numbers, Quantities, Measurement, Position, and Direction
Crossword Puzzle
Spanish Terms
Quick Quest
A. Matching Prefixes
Match prefixes in the left column with their meanings in the right column. (Answers may be used more
than once.)
_________
1. bi-
a. above normal
_________
2. di-
b. below normal
_________
3. hyper-
c. first
_________
4. hypo-
d. four
_________
5. macro-
e. half or partly
_________
6. micro-
f. large
_________
7. mono-
g. many
_________
8. multi-
h. none
_________
9. nulli-
i. one
_________ 10. poly-
j. small
_________ 11. primi-
k. three
_________ 12. quadri-
l. two
_________ 13. tetra_________ 14. tri_________ 15. uni-
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
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Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More __________________________________________________
80
B. Writing Combining Forms
Write combining forms for the following colors.
1.
black
__________________________________
2.
blue
__________________________________
3.
green
__________________________________
4.
red
__________________________________
5.
yellow
__________________________________
6.
white
__________________________________
C. Writing the Meanings of Prefixes
Write the meanings of the following word parts.
1.
ab-
__________________________________
2.
anti-
__________________________________
3.
diplo-
__________________________________
4.
ecto-
__________________________________
5.
en-
__________________________________
6.
endo-
__________________________________
7.
in-
__________________________________
8.
milli-
__________________________________
9.
para-
__________________________________
10.
pre-
__________________________________
11.
sub-
__________________________________
12.
supra-
__________________________________
D. Writing Suffixes
Write suffixes for each of the following.
1.
capable of destroying
________________________
2.
hardening
________________________
3.
instrument for recording
________________________
4.
instrument used for viewing
________________________
5.
movement
________________________
6.
nutrition
________________________
7.
paralysis
________________________
8.
process of destroying
________________________
9.
process of measuring
________________________
10.
producing or forming
________________________
11.
seizure
________________________
12.
speech
________________________
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
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________________________________________________ Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More
81
E. Writing Combining Forms
Write combining forms for the following.
1.
air
________________________
2.
dead
________________________
3.
drugs or medicine
________________________
4.
fiber
________________________
5.
head
________________________
6.
hidden
________________________
7.
voice
________________________
8.
stupor
________________________
9.
thirst
________________________
10.
tissue
________________________
F. Writing Terms: Colors
Write terms that use the combining forms for colors.
1.
Combine a word part with -cyte to write a term that means a red cell:
____________________.
2.
Combine a word part with -osis to write a term that means a slightly bluish discoloration of the skin:
____________________.
3.
Combine a word part with -oma to write a term with a literal translation of black tumor:
___________________.
4.
Combine a word part meaning white with the suffix -ism to denote the condition marked by a lack of
pigment: ____________________.
5.
Combine a word part with -phyll to write a term that means a yellow pigment:
____________________.
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More __________________________________________________
82
G. Writing Terms: Numbers, Quantities, Measurement, Position, and Direction
Write terms that use the prefixes for numbers, quantities, measurement, position, and direction.
1.
Hyperthyroidism means excessive thyroid function, so the term that means below
normal thyroid function is ____________________.
2.
Unicellular means composed of one cell, and ____________________ means
composed of many cells.
3.
One-hundredth of a meter is a ____________________.
4.
A unipara has had one pregnancy resulting in a live birth, so the term that describes
a woman who has given birth three times to viable offspring is ____________________.
5.
Quadriplegia is paralysis of all four extremities, and paralysis of half of the body is
called ____________________.
6.
Intermuscular means situated between muscles, and ____________________ means
situated within a muscle.
7.
An intradermal injection places small amounts of a drug into the outer layers of the
skin, but the literal translation of a ____________________ drug is one that can be
absorbed across the skin.
8.
Percutaneous means through the skin, so ____________________ means under
the skin.
9.
Tachycardia means an increased pulse rate, and ____________________ means a
decreased pulse rate.
10. Adduction is the act of drawing toward, so ____________________ is the act of
drawing away from.
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
________________________________________________ Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More
83
H. Crossword Puzzle
Write a term for each clue given.
1
2
3
5
4
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
20
22
18
19
21
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
ACROSS
ACROSS to one side
25 benign, fatty tumor
5. pertaining
26 study of fungi
that
causes
destruction
red cells
6. a substance
5 pertaining
to one
side
27 normalof
thyroid
6 a substance
which causes in which
28 pertaining
to the must
death of
condition
a person
8. an abnormal
destruction of red cells
tissue
sit or8stand
to
breathe
comfortably
an abnormal condition in
29 muscle that draws a part
person must
sit or
toward the midline of the
the anasal
cavity
9. behind which
stand to breath
body
red
blood
cell
10. very large
comfortably
30 a bluish discoloration of
innasal
which
have
13. a condition
9 behind the
cavity all objectsthe
skin a
10 verytinge
large red blood cell
31 within the skin
greenish
13 a condition in which all
of air
oxygen
14. absenceobjects
haveor
a greenish
DOW N
tissue
15. study oftinge
14 absence of air or oxygen
1 instrument used to crush a
discoloration of the skincalculus
and mucous
16. yellow
15 study of tissue
16 yellow discoloration of the
2 destruction of tissue by
membranes
skin and mucous
application of extreme cold
using a microscope
17. examination
membranes
3 beneath the skin
17 examination using
a
4 pertaining to the head
pigment
of blood
22. iron-containing
microscope
7 difficulty in swallowing
fatty
tumor
25. benign,
22 iron-containing pigment of
11 embryonic form of red
fungi
26. study ofblood
blood cell
27. normal thyroid
28. pertaining to the death of tissue
29. muscle that draws a part toward the midline of
the body
30. a bluish discoloration of the skin
31. within the skin
31
DOWN
1. instrument used to crush a calculus
2. destruction of tissue by application of extreme
the skin
the study cold
of cells
fever-producing substance
beneath
the skin
3.
or agent
absence
of water
to the head
4. pertaining
pus-producing
difficulty
in
swallowing
7.
slow pulse
embryonic
form
of red blood cell
11.
abnormally rapid speech
middle embryonic
layer
of drugs that can be absorbed
12. descriptive
through the skin
18. the study of cells
19. fever-producing substance or agent
20. absence of water
21. pus-producing
23. slow pulse
24. abnormally rapid speech
26. middle embryonic layer
12 descriptive of drugs that
can be absorbed through
18
19
20
21
23
24
26
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
84
Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More __________________________________________________
I. Spanish Terms
Match the English word to its Spanish equivalent.
___
1. fainting
a. ataque
___
2. fever
b. daño
___
3. injury
c. fiebre
___
4. life
d. habla
___
5. seizure
e. languidez
___
6. speech
f. sed
___
7. thirst
g. vida
___
8. defecate
h. cabeza
___
9. head
i. debilidad
___
10. light
j. evacuar
___
11. voice
k. luz
___
12. weakness
l. voz
J. Quick Quest
Categorize the following terms as related to (a) anatomy, (b) disease or disorder, (c) nonsurgical treatment,
or (d) surgery. The suffix often indicates its category.
___ 1. abductor
a. anatomy (structure)
___ 2. albinism
b. disease or disorder
___ 3. antacids
c. nonsurgical treatment
___ 4. aphasia
d. surgery
___ 5. bicuspid
___ 6. bradycardia
___ 7. bradyphasia
___ 8. carcinoma
___ 9. cardiomegaly
___10. chloropia
___11. contraceptives
___12. cryosurgery
___13. cryptorchidism
___14. dermal
___15. hyperglycemia
___16. hypocalcemia
___17. lithiasis
___18. narcolepsy
___19. necrosis
___20. quadriplegia
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
________________________________________________ Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More
85
Test Items
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Select one answer (a-d) for each of the following.
1. Inflammation of the tissue adjacent to or near the appendix is called:
a. appendicitis
b. endoappendicitis
c. para-appendicitis
d. retroappendicitis
2. Abnormal slowness of speech is called:
a. bradyphasia
b. dysphagia
c. phagocytosis
d. tachyphasia
3. Anticonvulsive is a term that means:
a. an agent that causes convulsions
b. an agent that is used to prevent convulsions
c. a term that refers to epilepsy
d. a term that refers to narcolepsy
4. Hypoparathyroidism is:
a. a descriptive term for tissue around the parathyroids
b. above-normal secretion of the parathyroids
c. below-normal secretion of the parathyroids
d. normal secretion of the parathyroids
5. A term that means able to live without oxygen is:
a. aerobic
b. aerosol
c. a-aerobic
d. anaerobic
6. A type of drug that can be absorbed through the skin surface is:
a. intercellular
b. intradermal
c. subcutaneous
d. transdermal
7. Which of the following terms does not contain a prefix that indicates location?
a. bradyphasia
b. endotracheal
c. mesonasal
d. peritonsillar
8. Which of the following terms contains a word part that means yellow?
a. chloropia
b. cyanotic
c. melancholy
d. xanthosis
9. Which of the following terms does not contain a word part that indicates large or enlarged?
a. cephalomegaly
b. macrocyte
c. microscope
d. megalocytosis
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
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Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More __________________________________________________
10. A fever-producing agent is called a:
a. pyoderma
b. pyogen
c. pyrogen
d. pyrophobia
11. Painful or difficult movement is:
a. bradykinesia
b. dyskinesia
c. kinesiotherapy
d. tachykinesia
12. A term for a cell that ingests particulate matter is:
a. erythrocyte
b. megalocyte
c. melanocyte
d. phagocyte
13. Surgical crushing of a stone is:
a. calculus
b. lithiasis
c. lithogenesis
d. lithotripsy
14. Cephalometry is:
a. a headache
b. an instrument used to measure the head
c. measurement of the head
d. study of the head
15. Unusual sensitivity of the eyes to light is:
a. ophthalmitis
b. ophthalmopathy
c. optometry
d. photophobia
16. Abnormal preoccupation with fire is:
a. pyrogenesis
b. pyromania
c. pyromaniac
d. pyrophobia
17. A term for a white blood cell is:
a. chlorocyte
b. erythrocyte
c. leukocyte
d. melanocyte
18. The term for an instrument used to record the electrical impulses of the brain is:
a. electroencephalogram
b. electroencephalograph
c. electroencephalography
d. electrocephology
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
________________________________________________ Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More
87
19. The combining form in the term narcotic means:
a. drug or medicine
b. illegal
c. seizure
d. stupor
20. A term that means originating in the mind is:
a. psychic
b. psychogenic
c. psychologic
d. psychology
21. Dissolving or destruction of a calculus is called:
a. lithogenesis
b. litholysis
c. glycogenesis
d. glycolysis
22. A lipoma is:
a. the breakdown of lipids in digestion
b. a benign tumor composed of fatty tissue
c. surgical crushing of a stone
d. an ectopic pregnancy
23. Death of areas of tissue or bone surrounded by healthy tissues is called:
a. necrophobia
b. necrosis
c. pyrogen
d. pyoderma
24. A term that means a malignant, pigmented tumor is:
a. carcinogen
b. cyanosis
c. melanoma
d. mycology
25. Pyoderma is:
a. an inflammatory disease of the skin in which pus is produced
b. any inflamed condition of the skin
c. the structure, function, and composition of the skin
d. an abnormal fear of touching dead tissue
26. Ophthalmopathy means:
a. any disease of the eye
b. inflammation of the eye
c. one who tests the eyes to measure visual acuity
d. pertaining to the eyes
27. A chronic ailment that consists of recurrent attacks of drowsiness and sleep is:
a. epilepsy
b. narcolepsy
c. photophobia
d. polydipsia
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
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Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More __________________________________________________
28. Aphonia is:
a. absence of speech
b. difficult speech
c. rapid speech
d. absence or loss of voice
29. Destruction of tissue by application of extreme cold temperatures is:
a. cryosurgery
b. hemolysis
c. histocompatibility
d. pharmacotherapy
30. A serious condition in which the body temperature is greatly elevated because of retention of body heat is
called:
a. cryptorchidism
b. hyperthermia
c. hypothermia
d. orthopnea
31. Inflammation of the skin caused by a fungus is:
a. cutaneous
b. dermatology
c. dermatosis
d. mycodermatitis
32. Carcinoma means the same as:
a. cancer
b. fungus
c. stupor
d. syndrome
33. Endotracheal means:
a. above the trachea
b. at the side of the trachea
c. behind the trachea
d. inside the trachea
34. A term that means pertaining to the skin is:
a. cryotherapy
b. cyanosis
c. dermal
d. dysphagia
35. Cryptorchidism means:
a. tissue compatibility
b. undescended testicle
c. within a vein
d. without water
36. Macrocephaly means:
a. enlarged head
b. large cell
c. small cell
d. small head
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
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Leonard
________________________________________________ Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More
89
37. The study of fungi is:
a. microscopy
b. mycology
c. oncology
d. pathology
38. Tachycardia means:
a. increased blood pressure
b. decreased blood pressure
c. decreased pulse rate
d. increased pulse rate
39. A term that describes normal thyroid function is:
a. euthyroid
b. hyperthyroid
c. hypothyroid
d. thyroidosis
40. The term for any condition that renders some particular line of treatment improper is a(n):
a. antipathology
b. continence
c. contraindication
d. incontinence
41. Which term means a red blood cell?
a. erythrocyte
b. leukocyte
c. microcyte
d. phagocyte
42. A record or tracing of the electrical impulses of the heart is called an:
a. electrocardiograph
b. electrocardiogram
c. electrocardiography
d. electrocardiopathy
43. Destruction of red blood cells that results in liberation of hemoglobin is:
a. hemolysis
b. hemolysin
c. hemolyze
d. erythrocytosis
44. A term for a muscle that draws a body part away from the midline of the body is an:
a. abductor
b. adductor
c. albino
d. erythroblast
45. A term for any disease caused by defective nutrition or metabolism is:
a. dystrophy
b. necrosis
c. oncology
d. rachischisis
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
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Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More __________________________________________________
46. A term that means the production or origin of cancer is:
a. cancerous
b. carcinogen
c. carcinogenic
d. carcinogenesis
47. A term for a large cell, usually restricted to mean an extremely large red blood cell, is:
a. erythrocyte
b. megalocyte
c. microcyte
d. phagocyte
48. Examination of cells is called:
a. cystoscope
b. cytoscopy
c. orthoscope
d. orthoscopy
49. The term that means an individual with congenital absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes is:
a. albino
b. aphasia
c. hemolytic
d. nullipara
50. A condition in which deficiency of oxygen results in a slightly bluish, slatelike color of the skin is:
a. cyanosis
b. erythrocytosis
c. melancholy
d. xanthosis
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard
________________________________________________ Chapter 3  Essential Prefixes and More
91
II. Writing Medical Terms
Write one word for each of the following.
1.
cancer-causing substance
__________________________________
2.
difficult speech
__________________________________
3.
destruction of tissue by electrical current
__________________________________
4.
double vision
__________________________________
5.
excessive thirst
__________________________________
6.
paralysis of one side of the body
__________________________________
7.
pertaining to the head
__________________________________
8.
record produced in electrocardiography
__________________________________
9.
within the muscle
__________________________________
10. without fever
__________________________________
III. Spelling Medical Terms
Some of the terms in this list are correctly spelled, and others are incorrect. Circle all terms that are incorrectly
spelled and write the correct spelling.
1.
arobic
__________________________________
2.
bradicardia
__________________________________
3.
extopic
__________________________________
4.
hemeglobin
__________________________________
5.
jaundice
__________________________________
Quick & Easy Medical Terminology, 6th ed.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Some material was previously published.
Leonard