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Unit 4-Lesson 2: The American Civil War
Name: _______________________
Chapter 8 Section 1
The Road to War
What was the message of Lincoln’s inaugural address?
The Union must be maintained as he has sworn in his oath to “preserve, protect, and defend
it.”
Fort Sumter—The Start of the War
Who?
Confederate Gen. P.G.T.__________________ demanded that
Union Maj. _________________ to surrender Ft. Sumter, but he refused.
When?
April 12, _____________
Where? Charleston Harbor, ______
Results? Ft. Sumter is surrendered on April 13.
_________________ won the battle.
Civil War had officially ___________
AK, TN, NC, & VA _______________ from the Union.
Raising Armies
Most soldiers were _______________.
Bounty Soldiers: received_______ awards for signing up; “bounty jumpers”
Conscripted Soldiers: men drafted to serve in army, a first for the nation
Draft riots in ____________________
A Matter of Resources
North
South
22 million people
______million combat age
______million people
.8 million combat age
( 3.5 - 4 million _________)
North
100,000 factories, 1.1 million workers
22,000 mi. railroad track, sturdy
Railroad equipment (___ of nation’s)
more farms (67% of nation’s total)
banks (____of nation’s deposits)
4.6 million draft animals
established military, trained
experienced government
experienced military leaders
fought on____________ soil
South
______ factories, 100,000 workers
9,000 mi. railroad track, ________
Railroad equipment (4% of nation’s)
fewer farms (____of nation’s total)
banks (19% of nation’s deposits)
2.6 million draft animals
_________
_________________ government
_____experienced military leaders
defended their_______________
Wartime Strategies
Union:
Union Blockade: Union ships blocked Confederate______ to stop exporting of cotton and
importing of__________________
( Ironclads outrun by Confederate blockade runners.)
Union Anaconda Plan: To capture_______________. & split Confederacy in half, leaving
Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana _____________________
Union Plan to Capture Confederate Capital __________________, VA
Union Generals’ Plan: to destroy Confederate armies and lay_________ to land
Confederate:
Confederate Land Strategy: to_____ down invading_____________ army
Confederate Sea Strategy: to use ________raiders to foil Union blockade
Used ironclads & _____________________
*Confederate King Cotton_______________: Plan to stop sale of cotton to _________and
Great Britain, in hopes that both nations would be forced to help and_____________ the
Union __________________.