Download 3B-Grammar

3B Grammar: Plurals of Adjectives, -GO Verbs & the Irregular Verb Ser
Plurals of Descriptive Adjectives:
Descriptive Adjectives FOLLOW THE NOUN THAT THEY MODIFY! They follow the
same rules as when we make nouns plural.
1. Many descriptive adjectives end in –o (the masculine singular) or –a (the
feminine singular). The plural of each of these forms is created by adding an –s.
Masculine
Feminine
Singular
bueno
buena
Plural
buenos
buenas
2. Most descriptive adjectives that do not end in –o or –a in the singular forms
have the same form for both the masculine and feminine form. The plural is
formed by adding –es to the singular unless the descriptive adjective already
ends in –e in the singular. In this case add only –s to the singular form.
Singular
azul
verde
feroz
Plural
azules
verdes
feroces
English Equivalent
blue
green
ferocious
3. If a descriptive adjective is used to describe any sort of nationality or geographical
term, then you add an –a to make it feminine if it ends in a consonant. If you need to
make it plural, add an –es for masculine and an –as for feminine.
Masculine
Singular
español
inglés
francés
Feminine
Singular
española
inglesa
francesa
Masculine Plural
españoles
ingleses
franceses
Feminine Plural
españolas
inglesas
francesas
-GO Verbs:



Some present tense verbs have an irregular “go” form in the 1 st person, yo
conjugation.
You need to be aware of these “go” verbs so that you know that it’s a yo form
when you see it.
Here are the –GO verbs that you’ll see throughout the year:
o hago (hacer) – to do/make
o digo (decir) – to say/tell
o tengo (tener) – to have
o vengo (venir) – to come/arrive
o traigo (traer) – to bring
The Irregular Verb Ser:





Ser is an irregular verb and it means “to be.”
The English equivalent = is, am and are
It tells what something essentially is or that is not apt to change; think
permanent, constant.
It is used to describe nationality/origin, profession/title, physical
characteristics, personality traits, time, relationship and ownership.
Here’s an acronym to help you remember: DOCTOR – Descriptions,
Occupations, Characteristics, Time, Ownership & Relationship
Singular
yo
soy = I am
Plural
nosotros
nosotras
somos = we are
tú
eres = you are
(informal)
usted
es = you are
(formal)
Vosotros/as sois = you all are
(informal in Spain)*
ustedes
son = you all are
(formal/informal)
él/ella
ellos/ellas
es = he/she is
son = they are
* “it” a singular object
* “them” plural objects
* quién (who singular)
* quiénes (who plural)