Download Santee Education Complex Chemistry Mini Assessment 11

Santee Education Complex Chemistry Mini Assessment 11-Nuclear Chemistry
Please answer the following questions by choosing the most correct response (1 pt each).
1) Which is most likely to be radioactive?
a. Ion of sodium
b. Isotope of uranium
c. Proton of hydrogen
d. Proton of oxygen
2) Which form of radioactive decay consists of photons, and thus has no matter?
a. Alpha
b. Beta
c. Delta
d. Gamma
3) When an alpha particle is emitted, the nucleus of the original element
a. remains unchanged.
b. loses one neutron.
c. loses one proton.
d. loses two protons.
4) Alpha particles
a. are more penetrating than beta particles.
b. are more penetrating than gamma particles.
c. are the least penetrating of all radioactive decay.
d. are the most penetrating of all radioactive decay.
5) Beta particles
a. penetrate more than gamma particles.
b. penetrate more than gamma particles.
c. are the least penetrating of all radioactive decay.
d. are the most penetrating of all radioactive decay.
6) Which equation correctly represents the alpha decay of polonium-214?
a. 214Po + 4He → 216 Th
b. 214Po → 4He + 210 Pb
c. 214Po → -1e + 214 Po
d. 214Po + 2He → 214 Pb
7) Gamma particles
a. are deflected by an electric field.
b. can be stopped by a piece of paper.
c. can be stopped by a 1-mm thick piece of aluminum.
d. penetrate materials similar to the way that x-rays penetrate materials.
8) Which radioactive particles have a charge of -1?
a. Neutrons
b. Gamma rays
c. Alpha particles
d. Beta particles
9) As the temperature of a sample of a radioactive element decreases, the half life will
a. decrease.
b. increase.
c. remain the same.
d. depends on the sample.
10) Which radioactive isotope is used in geological dating?
a. Uranium-238
b. Iodine-131
c. Cobalt-60
d. Technetium-99
11) In a fusion reaction, reacting nuclei must collide. Collisions between two nuclei are difficult to achieve because the nuclei are
a. both negatively charged and repel each other.
b. both positively charge and repel each other.
c. oppositely charged and attract each other.
d. oppositely charged and repel each other.
12) In the reaction 4Be9 + X → 6C12 + 0n1, the X represents
a. an alphas particle.
b. a beta particle.
c. an electron.
d. a proton.
13) Which reaction illustrates fusion?
a. 1H2 + 1H2 → 2He4
b. 0n1 + 13Al27 → 11Na24 + 2He4
c. 13Al27 + 2He4 → 15P30 +0n1
d. 7N14 + 2He4 →1H1 + 8O17
14) A process in which a very heavy nucleus splits into more stable nuclei of intermediate mass is called:
a. nuclear fission.
b. a chain reaction.
c. nuclear fusion.
d. radiocarbon dating.
15) An electron emitted from the nucleus during some kinds of radioactive decay is known as:
a. a positron.
b. a beta particle.
c. a gamma ray.
d. an alpha particle.
16) Compared to chemical reactions, nuclear reactions produce
a. fewer changes in the nucleus.
b. proportionally far more energy.
c. more vegetables.
d. proportionally far less energy.
17) For the most common types of radioactive decay, the order of least dangerous to most dangerous is
a. gamma, beta, alpha.
b. alpha, beta, gamma.
c. beta, gamma, alpha.
d. gamma, alpha, beta.
18) What daughter isotope is produced in the nuclear decay shown?
218
Po → -1e + ____________
217
a.
Po
b. 218 At
c. 218 Bi
d. 217 Bi
19) Gamma rays are
a. very high energy, very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation.
b. very low energy, very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation.
c. very high energy, very long wavelength electromagnetic radiation.
d. very low energy, very long wavelength electromagnetic radiation .
20) Very large nuclei tend to be unstable because of the
a. repulsive forces between electrons.
b. repulsive forces between neutrons.
c. attraction of electrons for the positively charged nucleus.
d. repulsive forces between protons.