Download Study Guide 2 Bio 4 C

Study Guide 2 Bio 4 C. Shannon F14 Chapters: 9,10,11,12,13,16,17,18,40,44 (10th edition)
Ch. 10 Photosynthesis
autotroph, heterotroph, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, balanced equation for
photosynthesis, chloroplast, mesophyll, stomata, thylakoid, pigments, chlorophyll,
carotenoids, photon, electromagnetic spectrum, light wavelengths absorbed by pigments,
grana, stroma, light dependent reaction (where it occurs/what's involved), cyclic vs.
noncyclic photophosphorylation, photosystem I, photosystem II, pigment,
photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle (where it occurs/what is needed to make one glucose),
gas produced by photosynthesis?? C3, C4, CAM plants, rubisco, photorespiration, Pep
carboxylase, succulents
Climate change/Greenhouse Effect, Greenhouse Gases, CFC's, the ecological effects of
global warming, deforestation, what can we do?
11th hour DVD, David Suzuki’s web site?
Ch. 9 Cellular respiration & Ch. 40,44 Metabolism
redox reactions, cellular respiration, aerobic vs. anaerobic, fermentation, chemiosmosis,
oxidative phosphorylation, substrate level phosphorylation, sequence of steps in aerobic
respiration(glycolysis, transition reaction, krebs cycle, electron transport chain) and where
each occurs, glyceraldehyde phosphate (PGAL), summary sheet to get 36-38 ATP,
#ATP/NADH, #ATP/FADH, oxygen's function in electron transport chain, cycle of C,H,O
(p.160), catabolism of fats and proteins
homeostasis, osmoregulation, osmotic potential, hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic, isosmotic, fresh
water fish vs. marine fish, K-rat thermoregulation, perennial, transpiration, plant adaptations
to hot and cold, metabolism, conformer vs. regulator, hibernation, torpor, aestivation, modes
of heat loss and/or gain: radiation, convection, conduction, evaporation, insulation, boundary
layer, poikilotherm, homeotherm, ectotherm, endotherm
Ch. 16 DNA
Griffith's experiment, Hershey-Chase experiment, bacteriophage, DNA, cytosine, thymine,
adenine, guanine, complementary base pairing, structure of DNA, Chargaff's rules,
semiconservative replication (DNA replication), template, Watson & Crick, Rosalind
Franklin, DNA polymerase, Helicase, DNA ligase, Okazaki fragments, Meselson & Stahl
experiment, leading strand, lagging strand, direction of synthesis of new DNA strands
Ch. 17 Protein Synthesis
RNA, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, genetic code, codon, anticodon, transcription, translation,
DNA > RNA > Protein (how a protein is made), methionine, most common DNA
termination sites, terminator codons, start codon, how fast is transcription, RNA polymerase,
ribosome, mRNA processing, introns, exons, aminoacetyl-tRNA synthetase, P & A sites,
GTP, free ribosomes vs. bound ribosomes, peptidyl transferase, translocation, stages of
translation, termination/release factor, polyribosomes, gene mutations, mutagen, effect of
substitution, deletion, addition(insertion)
Ch. 11 Cell Communication
Cell-to-cell communication, neurotransmitter, hormones, epinephrine, adrenal glands, cell
signaling, ligand, protein kinase, cellular responses to signals
Ch. 18 Microbial Models (p. 360-366) transposons, operon, repressor, regulatory gene,
operator, inducer
Ch. 12 & 13 Mitosis & Meiosis
genome, mitosis, cell cycles of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, binary fission, daughter cell,
mother cell, spindle fibers, asters, phases of mitosis (interphase, prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase), metaphase plate, cell plate, cleavage furrow, cytokinesis, cleavage,
centromere, chromosome, chromatid, chromatin, control of cell division, MPF, cyclin, cdc2
(cdks), transformation, cancer cell, tumor, benign tumor, malignant tumor, metastasis,
kinetochore, centriole
sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, meiosis, gamete, gonads, homologous
chromosomes, tetrad, haploid(N), diploid(2N), phases of meiosis and generally what happens
in each phase, somatic cell, sex cell, synapsis, crossing over, independent assortment,
chiasma, autosome, sex chromosome, fertilization, zygote, karyotype, genes
You may have multiple choice, true/false, matching, definitions, short answer, essays and
fill-in-the-blanks, and "yes" spelling counts!!!!
Sample Essays
1. Discuss photosynthesis. List all the steps and locations (be specific) involved in the light
and dark reactions. Be sure to include the amount of energy generated and used to make
glucose. Also compare and contrast C3, C4 and CAM plants.
2. Discuss cellular respiration. List all the steps and locations (be specific). Include the
electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation. Be
sure to list the amount of ATP (energy) produced at each step. List the differences between
aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
3. Diagram the Calvin cycle and the Krebs cycle and describe how each fits into either
photosynthesis or respiration.
4. Define an endotherm and an ectotherm and give examples of each. Discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of each.
5. Compare and contrast mitosis with the first division of meiosis. At what points during
meiosis does the potential for genetic variation occur?
6. What is DNA? Draw a DNA molecule (in the ladder diagram). Label the DNA
structure. Circle a part of the diagram (6 bases long) and tell what mRNA would be made.
7. Write a definition (not the equations) of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. How
are they linked together (C,H,O cycle)?
8. Visit David Suzuki’s web site (www.davidsuzuki.org)
Click on the “issues” tab. Give a brief overview of climate change and one other issue.
Click on “What you can do,” how do you reduce your carbon footprint? How can you eat
for a healthy planet? Can you be “green” your workplace?
TSEB ERA STNEDUTS RUOF OIB!!